L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de connaitre les caractéristiques du genre textuel de l’exposé oral en basque, en prenant appui sur des données empiriques, soit un corpus de textes produits par des étudiants bilingues français-basque de Licence Etudes basques, futurs enseignants. Ainsi cette étude met en évidence les acquis et les carences rencontrés dans les textes produits, le compte rendu de lecture critique d’une œuvre littéraire, défini comme sous genre de l’exposé oral, qui est une pratique très courante dans l’institution scolaire. L'analyse prend appui sur l’architecture interne des textes (Bronckart, 1996) qui étudie plusieurs aspects discursifs : l’analyse de la situation de communication, la planification textuelle et les contenus thématiques, les éléments de cohésion et de connexion, la prise en charge énonciative. Cette étude s’achève sur une proposition de pistes didactiques et notamment une séquence didactique (Dolz et Schneuwly, 1998), à partir des résultats obtenus, en vue d’un apprentissage de l’exposé oral comme genre textuel. Des ateliers permettent l’étude des organisateurs textuels, des articulations temporelles, des recours de modalisations, de l’interlocution orale, etc. / The main objective of this thesis is to know how the textual genre of the oral presentation in Basque works. This explanation will be based on empiric data: a texts' corpus produced by bilingual (French-Basque speakers) students from the Basque Studies' Department, teachers-to-become. Thus, this study shows the benefits and the lacks encountered in the productions which can be defined as a sub-gender of the oral presentation exercise: the report of a critical reading concerning a piece of literature which is a common practise in the educational institution. This analysis relies on the internal texts' structure (Bronckart, 1996) which considers several aspects of the speech: to analyse the communication situation, the textual planification and the thematic contents, the cohesion and connexion elements and how the enonciation are taken over. This study will end up on a suggestion of didactic solutions and more precisely a didactic sequence (Dolz and Schneuwly, 1998), where the obtained results will enable to improve the oral presentation as a textual genre. Some working groups can make the textual organisation tools, time articulations, modalisation skills or oral interlucations be developed.

The thesis deals with the issues of communication in the context of organization functioning. It explains the distinction between external and internal communication. The focus is on the internal communication, its types and means. Further we identify the competencies and roles of the line manager in the hierarchy of an organization and also the specific features of his performance in the area of internal communication. At the same time, we stress the role of the line manager in using the means of formal oral communication, such as a department meeting, a company-wide conference and a teleconference. The empirical analysis of the thesis focuses on the role of line managers at meetings, company-wide conferences and teleconferences in a particular company. Semi- structured interviews with line managers and enquiry questionnaires among subordinate employees offer an insight and assessment of the role of the line manager at the above mentioned formal meetings in this company.

No / Aims and objectives To (1) investigate the organisation, provision and practice of oral care in typical UK stroke units; (2) explore stroke survivors', carers' and healthcare professionals' experiences and perceptions about the barriers and facilitators to receiving and undertaking oral care in stroke units. Cerebrovascular disease and oral health are major global health concerns. Little is known about the provision, challenges and practice of oral care in the stroke unit setting, and there are currently no evidence-based practice guidelines. Design Cross-sectional survey of 11 stroke units across Greater Manchester and descriptive qualitative study using focus groups and semi-structured interviews. Methods A self-report questionnaire was used to survey 11 stroke units in Greater Manchester. Data were then collected through two focus groups (n = 10) with healthcare professionals and five semi-structured interviews with stroke survivors and carers. Focus group and interview data were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using framework approach. Results Eleven stroke units in Greater Manchester responded to the survey. Stroke survivors and carers identified a lack of oral care practice and enablement by healthcare professionals. Healthcare professionals identified a lack of formal training to conduct oral care for stroke patients, inconsistency in the delivery of oral care and no set protocols or use of formal oral assessment tools. Conclusion Oral care post-stroke could be improved by increasing healthcare professionals' awareness, understanding and knowledge of the potential health benefits of oral care post-stroke. Further research is required to develop and evaluate the provision of oral care in stroke care to inform evidence-based education and practice.