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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Interação entre formigas e sementes de Mabea fistulifera Mart. (Euphorbiaceae) / Interaction between ants and seeds of Mabea fistulifera Mart. (Euphorbiaceae)

Peternelli, Ethel Fernandes de Oliveira 04 July 2003 (has links)
Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2017-03-21T17:28:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 343300 bytes, checksum: f639e3af2bd8aa818404677f1ae3deaa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-21T17:28:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 343300 bytes, checksum: f639e3af2bd8aa818404677f1ae3deaa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-07-04 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Neste trabalho avaliou-se a interação mirmecocórica entre formigas e sementes de Mabea fistulifera Mart. (Euphorbiaceae). Os estudos de laboratório foram realizados no Insetário do Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), no Laboratório de Análises de Sementes no Setor de Silvicultura do Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, UFV e no LASA - Laboratório de Análises e Sínteses de Agroquímicos do Departamento de Química, UFV. Já os de campo foram realizados em fragmentos florestais no Município de Viçosa-MG. Primeiramente, investigou-se a interação entre operárias de Atta e Acromyrmex e sementes de M. fistulifera e o efeito dessa interação na germinação dessas sementes. Quatro colônias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa e quatro de Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus foram escolhidas e sementes frescas foram oferecidas para avaliar a interação semente- formiga. Aquelas que foram manipuladas pelas operárias foram usadas no teste de germinação, onde quatro tratamentos foram considerados (sementes manipuladas por Atta; sementes manipuladas por Acromyrmex; sementes limpas e sementes frescas). Realizou-se também um levantamento em campo das espécies que poderiam interagir com as sementes e dessas quais poderiam transportá-las. Uma análise química do elaiosoma das sementes foi realizada, a fim de identificar o(s) composto(s) que compõem esse apêndice. Todas as sementes oferecidas às formigas, tanto no laboratório quanto no campo, foram manipuladas pelas formigas e tiveram seus elaiosomas removidos. A manipulação dessas sementes por operárias de Atta acarretou um aumento da sua taxa de germinação. Foram encontradas dezesseis espécies de formigas interagindo com as sementes de M. fistulifera, sendo cinco, de fato, dispersoras, já que transportaram efetivamente as sementes; e nove espécies foram, pela primeira vez, relatadas interagindo com sementes. A taxa de remoção destas pelas formigas foi de 85 a 97%. Na análise química, o elaiosoma de M. fistulifera apresentou amplo alcance de padrões de ácidos graxos, sendo o triacilglicerídeos o mais abundante. Ficou caracterizada uma importante interação mutualística entre a planta e as formigas. A planta se beneficia com a dispersão secundária de suas sementes em locais favoráveis para o seu estabelecimento e germinação, enquanto que as formigas adquirem uma fonte extra de recurso alimentar. / This work evaluated the myrmecochory interaction between ants and seeds of Mabea fistulifera Mart. (Euphorbiaceae). The laboratory studies were conducted at the Insectary of the Animal Biology Department, Federal University of Viçosa, UFV – MG, at the Silvicultura Seed Analyses Laboratory of the Forestry Department of the same University and at the LASA – Agrochemistry Analyses and Syntheses Laboratory of the Chemistry Department (UFV). Field work was conducted in forests fragments situated in Viçosa, MG. Firstly, the interaction between workers of Atta and Acromyrmex and seeds of M. fistulifera was investigated. The interaction effect on seed germination was also evaluated. Four nests of Atta sexdens rubropilosa and four of Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus were chosen and fresh seeds were offered in the study of ant-seed interaction. Those seeds that were manipulated by workers were used on the germination tests. Four treatments were performed (seeds manipulated by Atta; seeds manipulated by Acromyrmex; clean seeds and fresh seeds). Field work was carried out to identify the ant species which interact with the seeds and which transported them. A chemical analysis of elaiosome seeds was conducted, to identify the components of this structure. All seeds offered to ants, in laboratory or in the field were manipulated by ants and had the elaiosomes removed. The manipulation of this seeds for workers of the Atta resulted an increase on their germination rate. Sixteen species of ants interacted with the seeds of M. fistulifera; five were in fact, dispersing agents because they effectively transported these seeds and nine species are reported for the first time as interacting with seeds. Seed removal rate was from 85 to 97%. In the chemical analyses, the elaiosome of M. fistulifera presented a broad range of fatty acid patterns. The triacylglycerols were the major components. An important mutualism interaction was observed between the plant and the ants, in which ants use nutritionally valuable elaiosome as food, and disperse plant seeds in the process.

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