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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Phylogenetic Biology of the Burrowing Snake Tribe Sonorini (Colubridae)

Holm, Peter January 2008 (has links)
The Sonorini is a diverse assemblage of cryptozoic to fossorial snakes. Molecular and morphological evidence is ambiguous as to whether the tribe is monophyletic or consists of two or more independent clades. Morphological analysis, using Coluber constrictor and Liochlorophis vernalis as outgroups, indicates that the genera Conopsis, Ficimia, Gyalopion, Pseudoficimia, Stenorrhina, and Sympholis form the sister group to Chilomeniscus, Chionactis, and Sonora. This clade, in turn, is sister to Scolecophis and Tantilla. The putative genera Geagras and Tantillita are nested within the Tantilla calamarina and T. taeniata species groups, respectively.Each of the three major clades contains one or more highly fossorial forms that appear to be independently derived. Morphometric and natural history data from museum specimens, field studies, and the literature indicate that taxa with highly fossorial morphologies specialize on buried prey. Sympholis is at least a part-time commensal of leaf-cutting ants that feeds on beetle grubs; Chilomeniscus is a soil burrower that feeds on burrowing roaches and vermiform beetle larvae, whereas other members of the Ficimia and Sonora clades feed on various combinations of arachnids, orthopterans, and beetle grubs. Geagras redimitus, presumably a detritus burrower, feeds on vermiform beetle larvae, whereas Scolecophis and most Tantilla feed on centipedes. At least three other Tantilla species, including T. gracilis, T. relicta, and T. vermiformis, show parallel trends towards miniaturization, fossorial morphology, and diet of insect larvae.
2

Revisão taxonômica do gênero Apostolepis Cope, 1862 (Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae, Elapomorphini) /

França, Daniella Pereira Fagundes de January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Hussam El Dine Zaher / Resumo: Apostolepis Apostolepis é o gênero mais diversificado da Tribo Elapomorphini, composto por 40 espécies válidas, sendo 36 brasileiras e quatro que distribuem-se nas Guianas, Colômbia, Peru, Bolívia, Paraguai e Argentina. Apostolepis é reconhecido como um dos grupos taxonomicamente mais problemáticos de Dipsadidae, principalmente por causa de descrições de espécies com informações insuficientes, por vezes baseadas em variações intraespecíficas e em indivíduos anômalos. Mais de 50 táxons nominais são relacionados a Apostolepis, dos quais 21 foram descritos nos últimos 30 anos e 35 baseados apenas no holótipo; vários já sinonimizados a espécies descritas anteriormente. Por causa dos hábitos de vida as espécies do gênero não são abundantemente encontradas, fazendo com que muitas espécies ainda sejam minimamente conhecidas e outras conhecidas apenas pelo holótipo. Combinando todos esses fatores, foram gerados muitos equívocos na identificação das espécies, contribuindo para uma sucessão massiva de controvérsias taxonômicas e resultando no insatisfatório entendimento da evolução, ecologia e história natural das espécies do grupo. Por essas razões este estudo objetivou revisar a taxonomia das espécies atualmente alocadas no gênero, examinando séries de museus nacionais e internacionais, através de visitas, empréstimos e dados enviados pelas instituições. Analisei caracteres merísticos de 1803 espécimes provenientes de 32 coleções científicas na América do Sul, Estados Unidos e Europa... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Apostolepis is the most diverse genus of the Tribe Elapomorphini. It is composed of 40 valid species, being 36 from Brazil and others distributed in the Guianas, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. The genus Apostolepis is recognized as one of the most problematically taxonomic groups of Dipsadidae because original species descriptions with insufficient information, sometimes based on intraspecific variations and anomalous specimens. More than 50 nominal taxa are related to Apostolepis, of which 21 were described in the last 30 years and 35 based only on the holotype; several taxa already synonimized to species described above. Because of life habits of species are not abundantly found, causing that many species are still minimally known and others known only by the holotype. Combining all these factors, many misunderstandings were generated in the identification of the species, contributing to a massive succession of taxonomic controversies and resulting in an unsatisfactory understanding of the evolution, ecology and natural history of the species. For these reasons, this study aimed to review the taxonomy of species currently allocated to the genus, examining series of European, South and North American museums through visits, loans and data sent by institutions. Of 1803 specimens from 32 scientific collections, referring to 50 nominal taxa I analyzed meristic characters, of small part I observed the hemipenian and cranial morphology, of about 817 specimens ob... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

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