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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Propagação por enxertia de araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.) e Atemoia (Annona squamosa L. x Annona cherimola Mill.) em diferentes porta-enxertos de Annonaceae / Grafting propagation of araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart.) and atemoya (Annona squamosa L. x Annona cherimola Mill.) onto different Annonaceae rootstocks

Almeida, Luís Felipe Paes de 28 March 2009 (has links)
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, 2009. / Submitted by Larissa Ferreira dos Angelos (ferreirangelos@gmail.com) on 2010-04-06T15:14:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_LuisFelipePaesdeAlmeida.pdf: 3028531 bytes, checksum: 3a02c1048d86121af1edcc05b2aadbb4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Daniel Ribeiro(daniel@bce.unb.br) on 2010-05-19T19:58:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_LuisFelipePaesdeAlmeida.pdf: 3028531 bytes, checksum: 3a02c1048d86121af1edcc05b2aadbb4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2010-05-19T19:58:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_LuisFelipePaesdeAlmeida.pdf: 3028531 bytes, checksum: 3a02c1048d86121af1edcc05b2aadbb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-28 / O estudo teve como finalidade avaliar a propagação de duas espécies de anonáceas (atemoia e araticum). A atemoia é um híbrido que possui características organolépticas muito apreciadas no mundo e é mais intensamente produzida em pomares na Austrália, Israel, Estados Unidos e Brasil. O araticum ou marolo é uma espécie nativa do Cerrado, apreciada localmente no Centro-Oeste e coletada extrativamente para comercialização em feiras e ruas das cidades desta região. O trabalho foi dividido em dois capítulos, o primeiro, enxertia de atemoia Thompson sobre dois porta-enxertos do gênero Rollinia e o segundo, enxertia de araticum sobre 4 porta-enxertos de anonáceas. O Capítulo I avalia a eficiência de dois porta-enxertos (Rollinia sp. e Rollinia mucosa) e dois métodos de enxertia (inglês simples e fenda lateral). Os parâmetros avaliados foram: índice de sobrevivência dos enxertos, comprimento de ramo principal e número de folhas aos 60, 75, 90 e 105 dias após a enxertia. O porta-enxerto araticum-de-terra-fria apresentou melhores resultados que o biribá, com índice de sobrevivência de 82,5% e 35% respectivamente. O melhor método de enxertia para araticum-de-terra-fria foi o inglês simples com índice de sobrevivência de 90%. O Capítulo II foi organizado em 5 experimentos para avaliação de diferentes métodos de enxertia e porta-enxertos para a propagação do araticum. O Experimento I consistiu em avaliar a habilidade e eficiência de dois enxertadores para a condução dos experimentos seguintes, quanto ao índice de sobrevivência dos enxertos, onde não foi encontrada significância estatística em nenhuma época de avaliação para o parâmetro avaliado. Nos Experimentos II, III, IV e V foi realizada a enxertia do araticum através de 5 métodos (fenda lateral, fenda cheia, inglês simples, inglês complicado e sub-casca), sobre porta-enxertos de graviola, condessa, araticum-de-terra-fria e biribá de diferentes idades. Em todos os experimentos foi avaliado o índice de sobrevivência e submetidos à análise de variância. Os experimentos de enxertia do araticum sobre 4 porta-enxertos, abrangendo 5 tipos de enxertia e totalizando 500 plantas enxertadas, mostraram que há incompatibilidade na enxertia desta planta, pois somente 3 enxertos sobreviveram. As possíveis causas da incompatibilidade foram investigadas através de estudos anatômicos e histoquímicos, através da análise do material proveniente dos experimentos com o uso dos porta-enxertos graviola, araticum-de-terra-fria e biribá. Identificou-se nos estudos diferença anatômica e presença de compostos fenólicos na região da enxertia. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / This paper has the purpose of studying the propagation of two species of Annonaceae (atemoya and araticum). The two species chosen for this research have morphological affinities, but they also present many different features. Atemoya is a hybrid which has excellent flavor characteristics appreciated all around the world and it is grown mostly in Australia, Israel, United States and Brazil. The araticum is a native species of the Brazilian savannah, the Cerrado, and it is consumed locally in the central west region, and commercialized in local markets. A common element between these two species is the lack of propagation studies, to which the results of this research are a contribution. It is well known that grafting is a method of vegetative propagation which, besides cloning and rescuing interesting genotypes exhibits, has some advantages such as root disease resistance, trunk borer resistance, as well as inducing desirable characteristics to the canopy. This work was divided in two chapters. The first one was about atemoya Thompson grafting with two methods (side cleft graft and whip graft) onto two rootstocks (Rollinia mucosa e Rollinia sp.). The analyzed parameters were: graft survival rate, main branch length and leaf number at 60, 75, 90 and 105 days after grafting. The atemoya grafting experiment proved the efficiency of the araticum-de-terra-fria rootstock and the unviability of atemoya grafting onto the biribá rootstock (wild sweetsop). Chapter II was organized into 5 experiments for the evaluation of different grafting methods and rootstocks for araticum propagation. Experiment I assessed and compared the ability and efficiency of two grafters. For this experiment it was necessary to conduct the following procedures: The grafts survival rate was compared through an F test but no statistical significance was found in any procedure. In Experiment II, three grafting methods (side cleft, whip graft, whip and tongue graft) were used for araticum grafting onto soursop rootstocks, age 12 and 24 months. In Experiment III, three grafting methods (cleft, whip and whip and tongue) were evaluated for araticum grafting onto araticum-de-terra-fria rootstocks, age 9 and 21 months. The survival rate of the grafts was assessed at 60 days after grafting. In Experiment IV, four grafting methods were tested (cleft, whip graft, sub-shell and side cleft), with randomized blocks design, with 5 blocks, 5 replicates, 8 plants per parcel, totaling 200 plants. In Experiment V, two grafting methods (cleft and whip graft) were evaluated in 2 rootstocks (soursop and custard apple). The survival rate was assessed at 30 days after grafting. All the grafting experiments on 4 rootstocks, including 5 types of grafting and 500 grafted plants, have shown that araticum has grafting incompatibility, because only 3 grafts survived. Possible causes for this problem were investigated through histochemical and anatomical studies and through grafting tissue analysis from experiments of soursop, biriba (wild sweepsop) and araticum-de-terra-fria. Boards and tables record the results. It was identified anatomical differences and phenolic compounds at the graft union. Alternatives are suggested for overcoming the incompatibility in the araticum grafting, which until now has not produced viable plants of this species with the method here employed.

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