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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Modalidade deÃntica nas explicaÃÃes e nos exercÃcios nas GramÃticas de LÃngua Inglesa

Sheyla Vieira de Lima Lapa 00 December 2017 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O livro de gramÃtica de lÃngua inglesa à um material de referÃncia no contexto de aprendizado de lÃngua estrangeira. Tendo isso em vista, esta pesquisa objetiva analisar como os verbos modais sÃo abordados nas seÃÃes de explicaÃÃo e de exercÃcios nas gramÃticas de lÃngua inglesa. Comparam-se seis gramÃticas cujos anos de publicaÃÃo sÃo 1996, 1999, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2011, de trÃs renomadas editoras que publicam materiais de estudo de lÃngua inglesa para estrangeiros â Oxford, Macmillan, e Pearson Longman. Serà verificada a pertinÃncia dos exercÃcios em relaÃÃo à teoria funcionalista, cujo foco està pautado no uso (NEVES, 2015), ou à teoria formalista, que prima pela autonomia da estrutura em relaÃÃo ao uso da forma linguÃstica (LOCK, 1996). A pesquisa conta com o aparato teÃrico do funcionalismo (DIK, 1978; GIVÃN, 1995; HALLIDAY, 2004;), do estruturalismo (SAUSSURE, 1971; CHOMSKY, 1957; BENVENISTE, 1989; 1991; LOCK, 1996), da modalidade deÃntica (PALMER, 2001), e dos mÃtodos de ensino de lÃngua (LARSEN-FREEMAN, 2000). Quanto aos procedimentos metodolÃgicos, foram analisados os capÃtulos referentes aos verbos modais relacionados à modalidade deÃntica de cada uma das seis gramÃticas escolhidas. Foi feita a anÃlise de cada seÃÃo explicativa e de cada seÃÃo de exercÃcios, tentando flagrar que concepÃÃo, formalista ou funcionalista (DIK, 1978), estava presente. Em seguida, procedemos à contagem dos dados e ao cÃlculo das porcentagens que os representam. Quanto à seÃÃo explicativa das gramÃticas, apenas uma apresentou uma abordagem mais focada na forma (FUCHS & BONNER, 2006), enquanto as outras cinco concentraram suas explicaÃÃes no uso linguÃstico. No que tange Ãs seÃÃes de exercÃcios, quatro das gramÃticas (ALEXANDER, 1999; FUCHS & BONNER, 2006; VINCE, 2008; SWAN, WALTER, 2011) tiveram um quantitativo maior de exercÃcios cujo foco està na estrutura do verbo modal, sem associÃ-lo ao aspecto comunicativo. Apenas duas das gramÃticas (BLAND, 1996; CONRAD, BIBER, 2009) mantiveram a abordagem concentrada no uso nas duas seÃÃes. Ao todo foram analisadas 103 seÃÃes explicativas e 163 exercÃcios. Notou-se que os autores dos seis livros escolhidos jà dÃo indÃcios da teoria funcionalista, uma vez que diversos aspectos que remetem à polissemia dos verbos modais e Ãs nuances referentes ao uso destes (75,72%) estÃo inseridos nas seÃÃes explicativas. Contudo, em relaÃÃo à seÃÃo de exercÃcios ainda predominam aqueles de cunho mecanicista (62,58%). / The Grammar book of the English language is an important material used in the context of learning a foreign language. With this in mind, this research aims at analyzing which approach is used in the sections of explanations and exercises related to modal verbs in English grammars. Six grammars, whose years of publication are 1996, 1999, 2006, 2008, 2009 and 2011, of three renowned publishers that make instructional materials for foreign students of the English language - Oxford, Macmillan, and Pearson Longman- are compared. The appropriateness of the exercises will be verified in relation to the functionalist theory, whose focus is based on use (NEVES, 2015), or to the formalistic theory, that excels the autonomy of the structure in relation to the use of the linguistic structure (LOCK, 1996). The research accounts for the theoretical apparatus of the functionalism (DIK, 1978; GIVÃN, 1995; HALLIDAY, 2004), of the structuralism (SAUSSURE, 1971; CHOMSKY, 1957; BENVENISTE,1989; 1991; LOCK, 1996), of the deontic modality (PALMER, 2001) and of the methods of language teaching (LARSEN-FREEMAN, 2000). As for the methodological procedures, the chapters regarding the modal verbs related to the deontic modality of each one of the six grammars were analyzed. The analysis of each explanatory section and of each section of exercises was made, trying to catch which conception, formalist or functionalist (DIK, 1978), was present. Soon afterwards, we proceeded to the counting of the data and the calculation of the percentages that represent them. As for the explanatory section of the grammars, just one presented an approach more focused on the form (FUCHS & BONNER, 2006), while the other five concentrated their explanations on the linguistic use. With respect to the sections of exercises, four of the grammars (ALEXANDER, 1999; FUCHS & BONNER, 2006; VINCE, 2008; SWAN, WALTER, 2011) had a larger quantity of exercises whose focus was in the structure of the modal verb, without associating it to the communicative aspect. Only two grammars (BLAND, 1996; CONRAD, BIBER, 2009) had an approach concentrated on use in both sections. An amount of 103 explanatory sections and 163 exercises were analyzed. It was noticed that the authors of the six grammar books chosen already indicate signs of the functionalist theory as several aspects that relate to the polysemy of the modal verbs and the specific aspects regarding the use of them (75,72%) are inserted in the explanatory sections. However, in relation to the section of exercises the ones based on form still prevail (62,58%).

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