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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Production of Eicosapentaenoic acid from biodiesel derived crude glycerol using fungal culture

Athalye, Sneha Kishor 29 September 2008 (has links)
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5, n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6, n-3), have many medically established benefits against cardiovascular diseases, cancers, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's. Currently, fish oil is the main source of omega-3 fatty acids, but there are many problems associated with it such as undesirable taste and odor, and heavy metal contamination. As a result, it is necessary to seek alternative production sources based on various microorganisms. In this thesis we have developed a novel microfungal culture process to produce EPA from the crude glycerol byproduct generated in biodiesel industry. This process provides both an alternative source of omega-3 fatty acids and a benefit to the biodiesel industry. Indeed, as oil prices reach historical highs, biodiesel has attracted increasing interest throughout the United States. The disposal of the crude glycerol byproduct has been a challenge faced by the biodiesel producers. Crude glycerol presents a cheap carbon source for growth of many microorganisms. In this thesis, we tested the feasibility of using crude glycerol for producing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5, n-3) by one algal species, Phaeodactylum tricornutum and two fungal species, Mortierella alpina and Pythium irregulare. We observed that the algal growth is inhibited in the crude glycerol while the fungi can grow very well in crude glycerol-containing medium. The fungus M. alpina produced significant amount of ARA but negligible amount of EPA. P. irregulare produced significant amount of biomass as well as a relatively high level of EPA. The maximum dry biomass for the P. irregulare culture was 2.9 g/L with an EPA productivity of 7.99 mg/L-day. Based on these results, we concluded that P. irregulare was a promising candidate for EPA production from biodiesel derived crude glycerol. Further optimization work showed that P. irregulare grown 30 g/L crude glycerol and 10g/L yeast extract results in the highest level of EPA production. A temperature of 20o C is optimal for high fungal biomass and EPA levels. Addition of vegetable oil (at 1%) enhanced the EPA production and almost doubled the amount of biomass reached. Soap inhibits growth as well as EPA production severely even in small amounts. Methanol completely inhibits growth. The final optimized growth conditions for the fungus P.irregulare were a medium with 30g/L of crude glycerol, 10 g/L of yeast extract at a pH of 6 with 1% supplementation of oil, at a temperature of 20o C for a period of 7 days.Thus we have established that the fungus P.irregulare can be used successfully to produce high mounts of EPA from crude glycerol. / Master of Science
2

Enhanced Production of Heterologous Protein by Recombinant Aspergillus niger Through Bioprocessing Strategies in Submerged Culture

Wang, Liping 27 November 2002 (has links)
No description available.
3

Expressão heteróloga, análise bioquímica e avaliação da produção fermentativa de uma enzima exo-arabinanase da família GH93 / Heterologous expression, biochemical analysis and evaluation of the fermentative production of an exo-arabinanase enzyme of the GH93 family

Josman Andrey Velasco Mendoza 31 July 2018 (has links)
Segundo a classificação CAZy (Carbohydrate Active enZymes), as glicosil hidrolases (GH) da família 93 são exo-?-1,5-arabinanases que atuam nas ligações ?-1,5 que unem os resíduos de L-arabinofuranosideo que conformam a cadeia principal de arabinana desramificada, liberando arabinose ou arabinobiose. Esta recém descrita família de enzimas, além de ter o potencial de participar junto com outras proteínas na sacarificação de resíduos industriais como a polpa de beterraba, oferece a possibilidade de sintetizar novas moléculas, pois alguns membros desta família podem catalisar reações de transarabinosilação utilizando glicerol, xilitol e sorbitol como aceptores. Embora as GH93 apresentem caraterísticas atrativas para aplicações industriais, até o momento apenas cinco enzimas desta família foram caraterizadas bioquimicamente, sendo que a maioria delas apresentou maior atividade em pHs ácidos e nenhuma com caraterísticas termofílicas. Neste trabalho uma exo-?-1,5-arabinanase abnt do fungo termofílico Thielavia terrestris foi expressa heterólogamente pela primeira vez em fungo filamentoso, utilizando Aspergillus nidulans linhagem A773 transformado com o vetor pEXPYR como sistema de expressão. A enzima foi caraterizada bioquimicamente e sua produção fermentativa avaliada, utilizando dois tipos de indutores em diferentes concentrações e condições de cultivo, escolhendo a melhor condição para o escalonamento. A proteína recombinante de 39,8 KDa mostrou ser uma glicoproteína com uma atividade especifica de 248 U.mg-1 em arabinana desramificada 0,28 mM, pH 5 e temperatura de 70 ?C (valores ótimos para enzima), um Km 0,29 mM, Vmax 0,45 ?mol.min-1, Kcat 115,4 s-1, e eficiência catalítica de 3,9 *105 s-1 M-1, mostrando também um aumento de 34% na liberação de produto quando incubada na presença de CoCl2 1mM. Esta é a primeira exo-arabinanase reportada na literatura com comportamento termofílico e prolongada estabilidade em pHs ácidos. No processo fermentativo a melhor produção de abnt foi atingida usando 3% (m/v) do indutor em condições de cultivo submerso, o escalonamento do processo não afetou a produção enzimática. O sistema de expressão A. nidulans+pEXPYR foi capaz de produzir a mesma quantidade de proteína recombinante utilizando como indutor, um composto cinquenta vezes mais barato que o normalmente utilizado. / According to CAZy (Carbohydrate Active enZymes) classification, glycosyl hydrolases (GH) from family 93 are exo-?-1,5-arabinanases acting on ?-1,5 bonds that bind L-arabinofuranose residues in the main chain of arabinan releasing arabinose or arabinobiose. This new family of enzymes was described recently and, besides having the potential to participate along with other proteins in the saccharification of agro industrial wastes such as sugar beet pulp, offers the possibility of synthesize new molecules, since some members of this family can catalyze reactions of transarabinosylation using glycerol, xylitol and sorbitol as acceptors. Although, GH93 presents attractive characteristics for industrial applications, only five enzymes have been characterized biochemically so far, most of them presenting higher activity in acidic pHs and none with thermophilic characteristics. In this work an exo-?-1,5-arabinanase abnt of the thermophilic fungus Thielavia terrestris was heterologously expressed for the first time in a filamentous fungus using Aspergillus nidulans strain A773 transformed with the pEXPYR vector as expression system. The enzyme was characterized biochemically and its fermentative production was evaluated using two types of inducers in different concentrations and conditions of cultivation, setting the best condition for scale up. The recombinant protein of 39.8 KDa showed be a glycoprotein with a specific activity of 248 U.mg-1 in 0.28 mM debranched arabinana at pH 5 and temperature of 70 °C (optimum values for enzyme), a Km 0,29 mM, Vmax 0.45 ?mol.min-1, Kcat 115.4 s-1, and catalytic efficiency of 3.9 * 105 s-1 M-1, also showed an increase of 34% in product release when incubated in the presence of 1 mM CoCl2. This, is the first exo-arabinanase reported in the literature with thermophilic behavior and prolonged stability at acidic pHs. In the fermentation process the best abnt production was achieved using 3% (m/v) of the inducer under submerged culture conditions, and the scaling process did not affect the enzymatic production. The A. nidulans+pEXPYR expression system was able to produce the same amount of recombinant protein using as an inducer, a compound fifty fold less expensive then the normally used.
4

Expressão heteróloga, análise bioquímica e avaliação da produção fermentativa de uma enzima exo-arabinanase da família GH93 / Heterologous expression, biochemical analysis and evaluation of the fermentative production of an exo-arabinanase enzyme of the GH93 family

Mendoza, Josman Andrey Velasco 31 July 2018 (has links)
Segundo a classificação CAZy (Carbohydrate Active enZymes), as glicosil hidrolases (GH) da família 93 são exo-?-1,5-arabinanases que atuam nas ligações ?-1,5 que unem os resíduos de L-arabinofuranosideo que conformam a cadeia principal de arabinana desramificada, liberando arabinose ou arabinobiose. Esta recém descrita família de enzimas, além de ter o potencial de participar junto com outras proteínas na sacarificação de resíduos industriais como a polpa de beterraba, oferece a possibilidade de sintetizar novas moléculas, pois alguns membros desta família podem catalisar reações de transarabinosilação utilizando glicerol, xilitol e sorbitol como aceptores. Embora as GH93 apresentem caraterísticas atrativas para aplicações industriais, até o momento apenas cinco enzimas desta família foram caraterizadas bioquimicamente, sendo que a maioria delas apresentou maior atividade em pHs ácidos e nenhuma com caraterísticas termofílicas. Neste trabalho uma exo-?-1,5-arabinanase abnt do fungo termofílico Thielavia terrestris foi expressa heterólogamente pela primeira vez em fungo filamentoso, utilizando Aspergillus nidulans linhagem A773 transformado com o vetor pEXPYR como sistema de expressão. A enzima foi caraterizada bioquimicamente e sua produção fermentativa avaliada, utilizando dois tipos de indutores em diferentes concentrações e condições de cultivo, escolhendo a melhor condição para o escalonamento. A proteína recombinante de 39,8 KDa mostrou ser uma glicoproteína com uma atividade especifica de 248 U.mg-1 em arabinana desramificada 0,28 mM, pH 5 e temperatura de 70 ?C (valores ótimos para enzima), um Km 0,29 mM, Vmax 0,45 ?mol.min-1, Kcat 115,4 s-1, e eficiência catalítica de 3,9 *105 s-1 M-1, mostrando também um aumento de 34% na liberação de produto quando incubada na presença de CoCl2 1mM. Esta é a primeira exo-arabinanase reportada na literatura com comportamento termofílico e prolongada estabilidade em pHs ácidos. No processo fermentativo a melhor produção de abnt foi atingida usando 3% (m/v) do indutor em condições de cultivo submerso, o escalonamento do processo não afetou a produção enzimática. O sistema de expressão A. nidulans+pEXPYR foi capaz de produzir a mesma quantidade de proteína recombinante utilizando como indutor, um composto cinquenta vezes mais barato que o normalmente utilizado. / According to CAZy (Carbohydrate Active enZymes) classification, glycosyl hydrolases (GH) from family 93 are exo-?-1,5-arabinanases acting on ?-1,5 bonds that bind L-arabinofuranose residues in the main chain of arabinan releasing arabinose or arabinobiose. This new family of enzymes was described recently and, besides having the potential to participate along with other proteins in the saccharification of agro industrial wastes such as sugar beet pulp, offers the possibility of synthesize new molecules, since some members of this family can catalyze reactions of transarabinosylation using glycerol, xylitol and sorbitol as acceptors. Although, GH93 presents attractive characteristics for industrial applications, only five enzymes have been characterized biochemically so far, most of them presenting higher activity in acidic pHs and none with thermophilic characteristics. In this work an exo-?-1,5-arabinanase abnt of the thermophilic fungus Thielavia terrestris was heterologously expressed for the first time in a filamentous fungus using Aspergillus nidulans strain A773 transformed with the pEXPYR vector as expression system. The enzyme was characterized biochemically and its fermentative production was evaluated using two types of inducers in different concentrations and conditions of cultivation, setting the best condition for scale up. The recombinant protein of 39.8 KDa showed be a glycoprotein with a specific activity of 248 U.mg-1 in 0.28 mM debranched arabinana at pH 5 and temperature of 70 °C (optimum values for enzyme), a Km 0,29 mM, Vmax 0.45 ?mol.min-1, Kcat 115.4 s-1, and catalytic efficiency of 3.9 * 105 s-1 M-1, also showed an increase of 34% in product release when incubated in the presence of 1 mM CoCl2. This, is the first exo-arabinanase reported in the literature with thermophilic behavior and prolonged stability at acidic pHs. In the fermentation process the best abnt production was achieved using 3% (m/v) of the inducer under submerged culture conditions, and the scaling process did not affect the enzymatic production. The A. nidulans+pEXPYR expression system was able to produce the same amount of recombinant protein using as an inducer, a compound fifty fold less expensive then the normally used.

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