Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio University, June, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. Paper copy first submitted in 2005 Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-63)

Thesis (M. P. A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

This thesis seeks for an explanation of social mobilisation by examining the nuts and bolts of the institutional design of democracies. Since the nature of executive-legislative relations in democracy is an important influence on the distribution of policy outcomes between actors in society, and consequently on the extent of support (or inclusion) of citizens to the way power is exercised, the present work investigates how pure presidentialism (and the whole range of institutional accessories that can be combined with this particular executive) affects the opportunities and constraints for social mobilisation. This is done by conducting a within-format comparison across pure presidential regimes in Latin America, where most pure presidential regimes are located. The thesis is grounded in both quantitative and qualitative methods of research. Quantitatively, protest events are measured across time and space and the parameters are estimated through pooled cross-sectional time-series models for count data. Qualitatively, three case studies are examined: Bolivia (electoral rules), Ecuador (non-legislative and legislative presidential power) and Venezuela (party system). The main findings of this study are: Within presidential systems social mobilisation is more likely to occur whenever: (1) presidents are selected in runoff elections in the assembly, and (2) constitutions allow the immediate re-election of the president. However, the prospects for social mobilisation are not significantly affected by the extent to which electoral formulae promote the entry of parties to the assembly. As regards to the relative powers of the presidency and the legislature, the extent of the decree and veto powers of the president do not affect the occurrence of social mobilisation. Instead, the probability of contentious action is greater whenever (3) the capacity of legislatures to censure and sanction the members of the executive is low; and (4) legislatures have weak authority over public spending. Lastly, it is shown that the probability of social mobilisation does not vary across majoritarian and minority governments; neither is social mobilisation susceptible to the levels of electoral volatility in the legislature. Rather, (5) social mobilisation is highest whenever the pro-presidential contingent in the legislature is dominated by one large political party. The thesis thus concludes by strongly advocating for the inclusion of the format of the executive as an important variable in the comparative study of social mobilisation and of the substantive outputs of a democracy, in general.

In this study, the current situation of e-government system in Turkey was analyzed, the positive and negative aspects were stated through PEST (Political, Economical, Sociocultural, Technological Factors) Analysis, Critical Success Factors (CSFs) Method and SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) Analysis, e-government indicators of different countries were compared and finally a roadmap was suggested for a successful e-Turkey implementation.

Целью диссертационного исследования является анализ совершенствования взаимодействия некоммерческих организаций с органами местного самоуправления, разработка рекомендаций по совершенствованию взаимодействия некоммерческих организаций города Екатеринбурга с органами местного самоуправления. Предметом исследования являются формы взаимодействия некоммерческих организаций с органами местного самоуправления. Новизна исследования заключается в следующем: – выявлении основных факторов, негативно влияющих на характер отношений; – систематизации существующих проблем, характерных для взаимодействия НКО с органами местного самоуправления; – разработке рекомендаций по совершенствованию разных форм взаимодействия некоммерческих организаций с органами местного самоуправления. Практическая значимость исследования состоит в том, что органы местного самоуправления и НКО других муниципальных образований России могут применить разработанные рекомендации на практике для совершенствования взаимодействия друг с другом. / The aim of the research is to analyze the improvement of interaction between non-profit organizations with local authorities, to develop recommendations for improving the interaction between non-profit organizations of Yekaterinburg and local authorities. The subject of research is forms of interaction between non-profit organizations and local authorities. The newness of the research is as follows: - Identifying the main factors negatively affecting the nature of the interaction; - Systematization of the problems which are typical for the interaction between non-profit organizations and local authorities; - Development of recommendations to improve the different forms of interaction between non-profit organizations and local authorities. The practical significance of the research lies in the fact that local authorities and non-profit organizations of other Russian municipalities can apply developed recommendations in practice to improve the interaction with each other.