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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

NEW DIRECTIONS IN THE DESIGN OF MRI GRADIENT COILS

BAIG, TANVIR N. 25 January 2007 (has links)
No description available.
2

Desenvolvimento e construção de bobinas de gradiente com blindagem ativa (Active Shielding) com aplicação em imagens por RMN / Development and construction of Active Shielding gradient coils with application in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Xavier, Rogério Ferreira 08 December 2000 (has links)
As bobinas ativamente blindadas (actively shielded) melhoram a performance das bobinas de gradiente ao cancelar o campo magnético na parte externa da bobina primária, evitando a degradação do campo no seu interior devido às correntes induzidas (eddy currents). O presente trabalho resultou na construção de um conjunto de bobinas de gradientes ativamente blindadas (Gx, Gy e Gz ), de geometria cilíndrica e acesso axial, com diâmetro de volume útil de 10cm para imagens (field of view), com campos de gradiente de aproximadamente 8.0 G/cm para r=0, com uma máxima distorção de campo de 5% neste volume, onde foi observado um efetivo cancelamento do campo externo, o que evita correntes induzidas nas partes metálicas internas do magneto OXFORD de 2.0 Tesla horizontal de 30cm de diâmetro, no qual serão empregadas. Alguns resultados prévios foram obtidos com um protótipo transversal, em apenas uma direção, e também com um conjunto de bobinas de gradiente para utilização em obtenção de imagens microscópicas de ESR pulsado. As bobinas foram projetadas utilizando-se a técnica de densidade de corrente, que se baseia na abordagem de campo alvo (target field) e também foi empregado o método de \"simulated annealing\" para otimização do desenho. Este sistema de gradientes apresenta também uma baixa indutância, o que permitirá chaveamentos rápidos (~0.1 ms). Na análise do campo de gradiente gerado foi utilizado o método de diferença de fase, confirmando a eficiência da técnica de densidade de corrente utilizada nos cálculos para a construção destas bobinas de gradiente / Actively shielded coils are designed to improve the performance of a gradient coil set by canceling the magnetic field in the region outside the body of the coil, avoiding degradation of the field in its interior due to eddy currents induced in the electric vicinity. The present work resulted on the construction of a shielded gradient coil set (Gx, Gy e Gz) with cylindrical geometry and axial access, with volume diameter of 1 O cm (imaging FOV) and gradient field intensity of 8.0 Gauss/cm in r=0. The maximum gradient distortion aim was 5% inside that volume, along with an effective cancellation of the field close to the inner metallic parts of the OXFORD 2.0 Tesla 31 cm bore horizontal magnet. Preliminary results were obtained with a prototype, which included only one transverse channel, and a miniature set with the same geometry was specially designed to perform micro imaging experiments using pulsed Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Coils were designed using the current density technique, which is based on the target field approach and simulated annealing for optimization. The gradient systems described here present also a low inductance necessary to perform fast switching (~0.1 ms). For the analysis of the performance of the gradients we used the method of phase reference, confirming the efficiency of the current density technique used on the design of the gradient sets
3

Highly Parallel Magnetic Resonance Imaging with a Fourth Gradient Channel for Compensation of RF Phase Patterns

Bosshard, John 1983- 14 March 2013 (has links)
A fourth gradient channel was implemented to provide slice dependent RF coil phase compensation for arrays in dual-sided or "sandwich" configurations. The use of highly parallel arrays for single echo acquisition magnetic resonance imaging allows both highly accelerated imaging and capture of dynamic and single shot events otherwise inaccessible to MRI. When using RF coils with dimensions on the order of the voxel size, the array coil element phase patterns adversely affect image acquisition, requiring correction. This has previously been accomplished using a pulse of the gradient coil, imparting a linear phase gradient across the sample opposite of that due to the RF coil elements. However, the phase gradient due to the coil elements reverses on opposite sides of the coils, preventing gradient-based phase compensation with sandwich arrays. To utilize such arrays, which extend the imaging field of view of this technique, a fourth gradient channel and coil were implemented to simultaneously provide phase compensation of opposite magnitude to the lower and upper regions of a sample, imparting opposite phase gradients to compensate for the opposite RF coil phase patterns of the arrays. The fourth gradient coil was designed using a target field approach and constructed using printed circuit boards. This coil was integrated with an RF excitation coil, dual-sided receive array, and sample loading platform to form a single imaging probe capable of both ultra-fast and high resolution magnetic resonance imaging. By employing the gradient coil, this probe was shown to simultaneously provide improved phase compensation throughout a sample, enabling simultaneous SEA imaging using arrays placed below and above a sample. The fourth gradient coil also improves the acquisition efficiency of highly accelerated imaging using both arrays for receive. The same imaging probe was shown to facilitate accelerated MR microscopy over the field of view of the entire array with no changes to the hardware configuration. The spatio-temporal imaging capabilities of this system were explored with magnetic resonance elastography.
4

Desenvolvimento e construção de bobinas de gradiente com blindagem ativa (Active Shielding) com aplicação em imagens por RMN / Development and construction of Active Shielding gradient coils with application in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Rogério Ferreira Xavier 08 December 2000 (has links)
As bobinas ativamente blindadas (actively shielded) melhoram a performance das bobinas de gradiente ao cancelar o campo magnético na parte externa da bobina primária, evitando a degradação do campo no seu interior devido às correntes induzidas (eddy currents). O presente trabalho resultou na construção de um conjunto de bobinas de gradientes ativamente blindadas (Gx, Gy e Gz ), de geometria cilíndrica e acesso axial, com diâmetro de volume útil de 10cm para imagens (field of view), com campos de gradiente de aproximadamente 8.0 G/cm para r=0, com uma máxima distorção de campo de 5% neste volume, onde foi observado um efetivo cancelamento do campo externo, o que evita correntes induzidas nas partes metálicas internas do magneto OXFORD de 2.0 Tesla horizontal de 30cm de diâmetro, no qual serão empregadas. Alguns resultados prévios foram obtidos com um protótipo transversal, em apenas uma direção, e também com um conjunto de bobinas de gradiente para utilização em obtenção de imagens microscópicas de ESR pulsado. As bobinas foram projetadas utilizando-se a técnica de densidade de corrente, que se baseia na abordagem de campo alvo (target field) e também foi empregado o método de \"simulated annealing\" para otimização do desenho. Este sistema de gradientes apresenta também uma baixa indutância, o que permitirá chaveamentos rápidos (~0.1 ms). Na análise do campo de gradiente gerado foi utilizado o método de diferença de fase, confirmando a eficiência da técnica de densidade de corrente utilizada nos cálculos para a construção destas bobinas de gradiente / Actively shielded coils are designed to improve the performance of a gradient coil set by canceling the magnetic field in the region outside the body of the coil, avoiding degradation of the field in its interior due to eddy currents induced in the electric vicinity. The present work resulted on the construction of a shielded gradient coil set (Gx, Gy e Gz) with cylindrical geometry and axial access, with volume diameter of 1 O cm (imaging FOV) and gradient field intensity of 8.0 Gauss/cm in r=0. The maximum gradient distortion aim was 5% inside that volume, along with an effective cancellation of the field close to the inner metallic parts of the OXFORD 2.0 Tesla 31 cm bore horizontal magnet. Preliminary results were obtained with a prototype, which included only one transverse channel, and a miniature set with the same geometry was specially designed to perform micro imaging experiments using pulsed Electron Paramagnetic Resonance. Coils were designed using the current density technique, which is based on the target field approach and simulated annealing for optimization. The gradient systems described here present also a low inductance necessary to perform fast switching (~0.1 ms). For the analysis of the performance of the gradients we used the method of phase reference, confirming the efficiency of the current density technique used on the design of the gradient sets
5

Improvements in Diffusion Weighted Imaging Through a Composite Body and Insert Gradient Coil System

Jepsen, Peter Austin 10 July 2013 (has links) (PDF)
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DMRI) is a class of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques with broad medical applications ranging from characterization of tumors and brain damage to potential prediction of stroke. Gradient coil and signal-to- noise ratio (SNR) constraints limit spatial resolution, accuracy, and scan time in DMRI. Achieving high b-values (measures of a scan's sensitivity to diffusion) often require scans with long diffusion gradient pulses, leading to significant magnetic resonance (MR) signal decay before the signal can be sampled. This signal loss reduces the accuracy of diffusion parameter estimation. The ability to sample the MR signal sooner while maintaining the same b-value is restricted by the maximum amplitude and slew rate of gradient coils. A composite system utilizing body and high-powered insert gradient coils can achieve high b-values more quickly, enabling a shorter delay between excitation and signal sampling and improved accuracy of diffusion parameter estimation. Alternately, such a system can achieve higher b-values at an equivalent delay between excitation and signal sampling. This thesis describes the implementation of such a system, experiment design for evaluating the benefits of the system to DMRI, and design of a diffusion phantom. Also included are a characterization of a composite system's improvements to DMRI based on analysis of experimentally-obtained data and simulation results validating those findings. Finally, recommendations for further improvements to diffusion MRI are given.
6

"Desenvolvimento e aplicações clínicas de um sistema integrado transdutor/bobinas de gradientes de alto desempenho para obtenção de imagens por ressonância magnética em 0.5 TESLA" / "Development and clinical applications of a high performance radio-frequency/gradient coil integrated system for Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 0.5 Tesla"

Salmón, Carlos Ernesto Garrido 25 February 2005 (has links)
Este trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento de um sistema integrado transdutor/bobinas de gradientes de alto desempenho para Imagens por Ressonância Magnética. Este sistema é composto por um transdutor de radiofreqüência tipo sela e um conjunto de 3 bobinas locais assimétricas. No desenho do transdutor foram otimizados os parâmetros: relação sinal ruído e uniformidade do campo magnético por ele gerado. A densidade de corrente de cada bobinas local foi otimizada mediante técnicas numéricas estocásticas para gerar um gradiente de campo magnético uniforme em cada uma das 3 direções do espaço numa região das dimensões do crânio. O conjunto de bobinas de gradientes construído possui um diâmetro livre de 31.5 cm e gera em média 25 mT/m/A por bobina, com indutâncias inferiores a 310 mH. São mostradas as aplicações clínicas desenvolvidas nas áreas de imagens tridimensionais e angiografia, a partir das seqüências de pulsos implementadas e aproveitando o uso do sistema integrado, em um tomógrafo de ressonância magnética de 0.5 Tesla. Imagens de phantom foram adquiridas em menos de 500 ms usando o conjunto integrado e técnicas do tipo Echo Planar Imaging. Aspectos referentes à caracterização e correção de campos magnéticos estáticos e homogêneos são também comentados. As soluções descritas nesta tese têm um amplo conteúdo tecnológico e beiram nas fronteiras da Física Aplicada e a Engenharia Biomédica. / Here we describe the development of a high performance radio-frequency/gradient coil integrated system for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. A saddle radio-frequency coil and a three-axis asymmetric local gradient coil composed this system. Two parameters were optimized in the RF coil design: signal-to-noise ratio and magnetic field uniformity. The current density of each local coil was optimized using stochastic numerical techniques, in order to generate a uniform magnetic field gradient by axis in a region representing a human head. The build gradient coil set has an inner diameter of 31 cm. The average gradient efficient of the three-axis is 25 mT/m/A and the maximum inductance is less than 310 mH. We show the clinical applications performed in three-dimensional and angiography imaging areas in a 0.5 Tesla magnetic resonance tomograph. These applications were optimized to taking advantage from the integrated system. Phantom images were acquired in less than 500 millisecond using echo planar techniques and the integrated set. Some aspects about static and homogeneous magnetic field characterization and correction are also commented. In this work we described solutions with wide technologic content close to the boundaries of the Applied Physics and Biomedical Engineering.
7

"Desenvolvimento e aplicações clínicas de um sistema integrado transdutor/bobinas de gradientes de alto desempenho para obtenção de imagens por ressonância magnética em 0.5 TESLA" / "Development and clinical applications of a high performance radio-frequency/gradient coil integrated system for Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 0.5 Tesla"

Carlos Ernesto Garrido Salmón 25 February 2005 (has links)
Este trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento de um sistema integrado transdutor/bobinas de gradientes de alto desempenho para Imagens por Ressonância Magnética. Este sistema é composto por um transdutor de radiofreqüência tipo sela e um conjunto de 3 bobinas locais assimétricas. No desenho do transdutor foram otimizados os parâmetros: relação sinal ruído e uniformidade do campo magnético por ele gerado. A densidade de corrente de cada bobinas local foi otimizada mediante técnicas numéricas estocásticas para gerar um gradiente de campo magnético uniforme em cada uma das 3 direções do espaço numa região das dimensões do crânio. O conjunto de bobinas de gradientes construído possui um diâmetro livre de 31.5 cm e gera em média 25 mT/m/A por bobina, com indutâncias inferiores a 310 mH. São mostradas as aplicações clínicas desenvolvidas nas áreas de imagens tridimensionais e angiografia, a partir das seqüências de pulsos implementadas e aproveitando o uso do sistema integrado, em um tomógrafo de ressonância magnética de 0.5 Tesla. Imagens de phantom foram adquiridas em menos de 500 ms usando o conjunto integrado e técnicas do tipo Echo Planar Imaging. Aspectos referentes à caracterização e correção de campos magnéticos estáticos e homogêneos são também comentados. As soluções descritas nesta tese têm um amplo conteúdo tecnológico e beiram nas fronteiras da Física Aplicada e a Engenharia Biomédica. / Here we describe the development of a high performance radio-frequency/gradient coil integrated system for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. A saddle radio-frequency coil and a three-axis asymmetric local gradient coil composed this system. Two parameters were optimized in the RF coil design: signal-to-noise ratio and magnetic field uniformity. The current density of each local coil was optimized using stochastic numerical techniques, in order to generate a uniform magnetic field gradient by axis in a region representing a human head. The build gradient coil set has an inner diameter of 31 cm. The average gradient efficient of the three-axis is 25 mT/m/A and the maximum inductance is less than 310 mH. We show the clinical applications performed in three-dimensional and angiography imaging areas in a 0.5 Tesla magnetic resonance tomograph. These applications were optimized to taking advantage from the integrated system. Phantom images were acquired in less than 500 millisecond using echo planar techniques and the integrated set. Some aspects about static and homogeneous magnetic field characterization and correction are also commented. In this work we described solutions with wide technologic content close to the boundaries of the Applied Physics and Biomedical Engineering.

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