Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-11-17T15:04:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeGouveaFajardo_TESE.pdf: 3260869 bytes, checksum: 3186d2c1c1792abff2cba08644e7739f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2015-11-17T15:20:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeGouveaFajardo_TESE.pdf: 3260869 bytes, checksum: 3186d2c1c1792abff2cba08644e7739f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-17T15:20:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeGouveaFajardo_TESE.pdf: 3260869 bytes, checksum: 3186d2c1c1792abff2cba08644e7739f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / Cattleya granulosa Lindley ? uma orqu?dea end?mica de da Floresta Atl?ntica do litoral do Nordeste brasileiro. A facilidade de coleta, e distribui??o em ?reas costeiras de interesse econ?mico tornam suas popula??es um alvo constante da coleta predat?ria, que tamb?m sofrem degrada??o ambiental. Devido ao impacto gerado em suas popula??es, a esp?cie est? amea?ada. Este estudo teve como objetivos avaliar os n?veis de agrega??o espacial em uma popula??o preservada, analisar as rela??es filogen?ticas de C. granulosa com outras quatro esp?cies de Laeliinae (Brassavola tuberculata, C. bicolor, C. labiata e C. schofieldiana) e ainda avaliar a diversidade gen?tica remanescente de 12 popula??es de C. granulosa, por meio de marcadores ISSR. Verificou-se especificidade da ep?fita C. granulosa com um ?nico for?fito, indiv?duos arb?reos de Eugenia spp. C. granulosa possui padr?o espacial agregado, com maior densidade de vizinhos no raio de at? 5 m. Nas rela??es filogen?ticas, C. bicolor exibiu o maior ?ndice de diversidade gen?tica (HE = 0,219), enquanto C. labiata exibiu o n?vel mais baixo (HE = 0,132). A porcentagem de varia??o gen?tica entre as esp?cies (AMOVA) foi de 23,26%. A an?lise de componentes principais (PCA) mostrou diverg?ncia gen?tica entre as esp?cies unifoliadas e bifolioladas. A PCA tamb?m indicou uma rela??o estreita entre C. granulosa e C. schofieldiana, que ? considerada por muitos pesquisadores uma variedade de C. granulosa. No estudo de gen?tica de popula??es, todos os locos foram polim?rficos. A alta diferencia??o gen?tica das popula??es (?ST = 0,391; P < 0,0001) determinou a estrutura??o em nove grupos, conforme modelo Log-likelihood da an?lise Bayesiana, com padr?o similar no dendrograma (UPGMA) e PCA. Houve correla??o positiva e significativa entre as dist?ncias geogr?ficas e gen?ticas entre as popula??es (r = 0,794; P = 0,017), indicando o isolamento pela dist?ncia. Padr?es de diversidade al?lica sugerem a ocorr?ncia de gargalos populacionais na maioria das popula??es de C. granulosa (n = 8). Assim, a manuten??o da diversidade gen?tica da esp?cie est? diretamente relacionada com a conserva??o das unidades ou grupos que est?o espacialmente distantes. / Cattleya granulosa Lind is a large and endemic orchid in Atlantic Forest fragments in Northeast Brazil. The facility of collecting, uniqueness of their flowers, which have varying colors between green and reddish brown, and distribution in coastal areas of economic interest make their populations a constant target of predation, which also suffer from environmental degradation. Due to the impact on their populations, the species is threatened. In this study, we evaluate the levels of spatial aggregation in a preserved population, analyze the phylogenetic relationships of C. granulosa Lindl. with four other Laeliinae species (Brassavola tuberculata, C. bicolor, C. labiata and C. schofieldiana) and also to evaluate the genetic diversity of 12 remaining populations of C. granulosa Lindl. through ISSR. There was specificity of epiphytic C. granula Lindl. with a single host tree, species of Eugenia sp. C. granulosa Lindl. own spatial pattern, with the highest density of neighbors within up to 5 m. Regarding the phylogenetic relationships and genetic patterns with other species of the genus, C. bicolor exhibited the greatest genetic diversity (HE = 0.219), while C. labiata exhibited the lowest level (HE = 0.132). The percentage of genetic variation among species (AMOVA) was 23.26%. The principal component analysis (PCA) of ISSR data showed that unifoliate and bifoliolate species are genetically divergent. PCA indicated a close relationship between C. granulosa Lindl. and C. schofieldiana, a species considered to be a variety of C. granulosa Lindl. by many researchers. Population genetic analysis using ISSR showed all polymorphic loci. The high genetic differentiation between populations (?ST = 0.391, P < 0.0001) determined the structure into nine groups according to log-likelihood of Bayesian analysis, with a similar pattern in the dendrogram (UPGMA) and PCA. A positive and significant correlation between geographic and genetic distances between populations was identified (r = 0.794, P = 0.017), indicating isolation by distance. Patterns of allelic diversity suggest the occurrence of population bottlenecks in most populations of C. granulosa Lindl. (n = 8). Genetic data indicate that enable the maintenance of genetic diversity of the species is complex and is directly related to the conservation of different units or groups that are spatially distant.