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Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

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Orientador: Celso Luiz da Silva / Banca: Geraldo Luiz Palma / Banca: José Roberto Simões Moreira / Resumo: Com o advento de normas e restrições cada vez mais rígidas por parte dos órgãos ambientais, em virtude da crescente preocupação com as modificações climáticas recentes geradas pela contínua descarga de emissões poluentes na atmosfera, torna-se essencial a implantação de equipamentos que amortizem ou eliminem esses resíduos. Por se tratar fundamentalmente de uma questão de saúde pública, atualmente a implantação de qualquer planta industrial que possa gerar impacto ambiental, ou até mesmo adequação de equipamentos já instalados para a não geração de poluentes ou geração dentro de limites adequados, passa cada vez mais por fiscalização rigorosa dos órgãos ambientais. Para este estudo, foi implantado um sistema de tratamento de gases pós-caldeira de queima de resíduos sólidos (bagaço de cana). Os gases oriundos do processo são transportados através de duto passando pelo precipitador do tipo ciclone e coletor do tipo filtro de mangas. O comportamento dos gases e filtro de mangas foi monitorando constantemente para coleta de dados através de termopares e transmissor de pressão, sendo ao final do período de operação feita a análise da composição dos gases antes e após filtro de mangas, além da análise do elemento filtrante. Os resultados das análises de NOx e material particulado, demonstrando eficiência de filtração acima de 99% como esperado juntamente com os dados de temperatura e pressão em níveis pertinentes a um sistema de tratamento de gases com coletor tipo filtro de mangas, corroboram o que se queria demonstrar come este estudo, que é a possibilidade do uso de filtros de tecido para tratamento de gases oriundos da combustão de resíduos sólidos / Abstract: With the advent of standards and increaingly stringent restrictions by environmental agencies due to the increasing concern about the recent climate changes generated by the continuous discharge of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere, it becomes essential that the deployment of equipment or disposal of such reduce residues. Because it is fundamentally a public health issue, currently the implementation of any industrial plant that can generate environmental impact, or even fitness equipment already intalled for the non-generation of pullutants or generation within appropriate limits, is increasingly on strict enforcement of the environmental agency. For this study, we implemented a system of post-treatment gas from a boiler burning solid waste. The gases from the process are transported by pipeline passing through the cyclone and the bag filter were constantly monitored to collect data using thermosensors and pressure transmitters, and at the end of the operation in was made the anlysis of the gas coposition before and after the bag filter, besides the analysis filter element. The results of te analysis of NOx and particulate matter, demonstrating high filtration efficiency above 99% as expected along with the data of temperature and pressure at levels relevant to a gas treatment system eith a bag filter collector type, corroborate what was expected from this study demonstrate that it is possible to use fabric filters for treating gases from the combustion of solid waste / Mestre

Graduation date: 1995

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-02-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:53:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000742775.pdf: 4732874 bytes, checksum: f1824b7683e8a9669105c5ce485796fe (MD5) / Com o advento de normas e restrições cada vez mais rígidas por parte dos órgãos ambientais, em virtude da crescente preocupação com as modificações climáticas recentes geradas pela contínua descarga de emissões poluentes na atmosfera, torna-se essencial a implantação de equipamentos que amortizem ou eliminem esses resíduos. Por se tratar fundamentalmente de uma questão de saúde pública, atualmente a implantação de qualquer planta industrial que possa gerar impacto ambiental, ou até mesmo adequação de equipamentos já instalados para a não geração de poluentes ou geração dentro de limites adequados, passa cada vez mais por fiscalização rigorosa dos órgãos ambientais. Para este estudo, foi implantado um sistema de tratamento de gases pós-caldeira de queima de resíduos sólidos (bagaço de cana). Os gases oriundos do processo são transportados através de duto passando pelo precipitador do tipo ciclone e coletor do tipo filtro de mangas. O comportamento dos gases e filtro de mangas foi monitorando constantemente para coleta de dados através de termopares e transmissor de pressão, sendo ao final do período de operação feita a análise da composição dos gases antes e após filtro de mangas, além da análise do elemento filtrante. Os resultados das análises de NOx e material particulado, demonstrando eficiência de filtração acima de 99% como esperado juntamente com os dados de temperatura e pressão em níveis pertinentes a um sistema de tratamento de gases com coletor tipo filtro de mangas, corroboram o que se queria demonstrar come este estudo, que é a possibilidade do uso de filtros de tecido para tratamento de gases oriundos da combustão de resíduos sólidos / With the advent of standards and increaingly stringent restrictions by environmental agencies due to the increasing concern about the recent climate changes generated by the continuous discharge of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere, it becomes essential that the deployment of equipment or disposal of such reduce residues. Because it is fundamentally a public health issue, currently the implementation of any industrial plant that can generate environmental impact, or even fitness equipment already intalled for the non-generation of pullutants or generation within appropriate limits, is increasingly on strict enforcement of the environmental agency. For this study, we implemented a system of post-treatment gas from a boiler burning solid waste. The gases from the process are transported by pipeline passing through the cyclone and the bag filter were constantly monitored to collect data using thermosensors and pressure transmitters, and at the end of the operation in was made the anlysis of the gas coposition before and after the bag filter, besides the analysis filter element. The results of te analysis of NOx and particulate matter, demonstrating high filtration efficiency above 99% as expected along with the data of temperature and pressure at levels relevant to a gas treatment system eith a bag filter collector type, corroborate what was expected from this study demonstrate that it is possible to use fabric filters for treating gases from the combustion of solid waste

Abstract not available

Includes summary. Includes bibliographies.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) or porous coordination polymers (PCPs) have become the focus of intense study over the past decade due to their potential for advancing a variety of applications including air purification, gas storage, adsorption separations, catalysis, gas sensing, drug delivery, and so on. These materials have some distinct advantages over traditional porous materials such as the well-defined structures, uniform pore sizes, chemically functionalized sorption sites, and potential for post-synthetic modification, etc. Thus, synthesis and adsorption studies of porous MOFs have increased substantially in recent years. Among various prospective applications, air purification is one of the most immediate concerns, which has urgent requirements to improve current nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) filters involving commercial and military purposes. Thus, the major goal of this funded project is to search, synthesize, and test these novel hybrid porous materials for adsorptive removal of toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) and chemical warfare agents (CWAs), and to install the benchmark for new-generation NBC filters. The objective of this study is three-fold: (i) Advance our understanding of coordination chemistry by synthesizing novel MOFs and characterizing these porous coordination polymers; (ii) Evaluate porous MOF materials for gas-adsorption applications including CO2 capture, CH4 storage, other light gas adsorption and separations, and examine the chemical and physical properties of these solid adsorbents including thermal stability and heat capacity of MOFs; (iii) Evaluate porous MOF materials for next-generation NBC filter media by adsorption breakthrough measurements of TICs on MOFs, and advance our understanding about structure-property relationships of these novel adsorbents.

Polymers rich in primary amine groups are proposed to be effective adsorbents for the reversible adsorption of CO2 from moderately dilute gas streams (10% CO2) and ultra-dilute gas streams (e.g. ambient air, 400 ppm CO2), with their performance under ultra-dilute conditions being competitive with or exceeding the state-of-the-art adsorbents based on supported poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI). The CO2 adsorption capacity (mmol CO2/g sorbent) and amine efficiency (mmol CO2/mmol amine) of linear poly(allylamine) (PAA), cross-linked poly(allylamine) prepared by post-polymerization crosslinking with epichlorohydrin (PAAEPI), and branched poly(allylamine) prepared by branching of poly(allylamine) with divinylbenzene (PAADVB) are presented here and compared with state-of-the-art adsorbents based on supported PEI, specifically branched and linear, low molecular weight PEI. Silica mesocellular foam, MCF, serves as the support material for impregnation of the amine polymers. In general, branched polymers are found to yield more effective adsorbents materials. Overall, the results of this work show that linear PAA, cross-linked PAAEPI, and branched PAADVB are promising candidates for solid adsorbents with high capacity for CO2.