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Fermions exoticos, novas dinamicas de sabor e o problema das familias /Pisano, F., (Felice) January 1995 (has links)
Orientador: Vicente Pleitez. / Doutor
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Assimetria +- no espalhamento Moller no modelo padrãoRodriguez, Marcos Cardoso [UNESP] January 1997 (has links) (PDF)
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Fermions exoticos, novas dinamicas de sabor e o problema das familiasPisano, F [UNESP] January 1995 (has links) (PDF)
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Assimetria +- no espalhamento Moller no modelo padrão /Rodriguez, Marcos Cardoso. January 1997 (has links)
Orientador: Vicente Pleitez / Mestre
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Uma teoria de Gauge 'SU(3) IND.L' x 'U(1) IND.N' para as interações eletro-fracas /Pisano, Felice. January 1992 (has links)
Orientador: Vicente Pleitez / Mestre
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Uma teoria de Gauge 'SU(3) IND.L' x 'U(1) IND.N' para as interações eletro-fracasPisano, Felice [UNESP] January 1992 (has links) (PDF)
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Vacuum stability of the standard model and BSM extensionsCarrington, James Michael January 2013 (has links)
The Standard Model scalar potential contains a minimum at the Electroweak scale, responsible for the masses of the weak gauge bosons through the Higgs mechanism. However, if the Electroweak minimum is only a local minimum, and there exists a global minimum at a higher energy in the Higgs potential, then in a su ciently old universe we would expect the vacuum expectation value to be at the global minimum. The absence of a global minimum at higher energy is related to the condition that the Higgs self coupling is greater than or equal to zero for all energies. For any model that fails this, we expect new physics to enter before the energy at which the coupling becomes negative. We developed tools to automate the derivation of beta functions for renormalisable gauge theories, and used these to carry out evolution of the renormalisation group equations for the Standard Model and three extensions to the Standard Model | the Standard Model with a fourth generation, the Standard Model with right-handed neutrinos and a Left-Right Symmetric Model. We conclude that of these four models, the Standard Model is the only one in which all the couplings remain perturbative, and in which the Electroweak minimum is a global minimum.
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Z' and W' gauge bosons in SU(2)xSU(2)xU(1) models : Collider phenomenology at LO and NLO QCD / Bosons de jauge Z' et W' dans les modèles SU(2)xSU(2)xU(1) : Phénoménologie au près des collisionneurs à LO et NLO QCDJezo, Tomas 25 September 2013 (has links)
Les modèles SU(2)xSU(2)xU(1) représentent une étape intermédiaire motivée par l'unification des groupes de jauge du Modèle Standard (MS). Un groupe de jauge étendu, par rapport a celui du MS, implique l'existence de nouveaux bosons de jauge, neutres et charges. Ces bosons dénotés Z' et W' sont recherches activement au Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Sur la base d'une analyse globale récente des contraintes sur ces modèles, provenant des expériences a basse énergie et du LEP, nous effectuons une analyse numérique au Leading Order (LO) des différentes signatures au LHC. Nous montrons que les sections efficaces totales pour les leptons et les paires de quarks de troisième génération, expérimentalement facilement accessibles, fournissent individuellement qu'uneinformation partielles sur le modèle réalise dans la nature. En revanche, les corrélations de ces mêmes sections efficaces pourraient bien conduire a une identification unique. Par la suite, nous étudions la production électrofaible d'une paire de quarks top au Next-to-Leading Order dans les extensions du MS prédisant un boson Z' supplémentaire et en supposant des couplages génériqueset diagonaux dans la base des saveurs. Nous calculons les corrections virtuelles et réelles a l'ordre de O(alS*alW^2) et les implémentons dans le générateur d'événements Monte Carlo POWHEG BOX qui permet de réaliser de manière cohérente la fusion du calcul QCD NLO avec les parton showers. Nousconstatons que les corrections QCD NLO peuvent être très importantes, mais que les K-facteurs restent modestes dans la région de masse invariante centrée autour de la masse de la résonance. / General SU(2)x SU(2)x U(1) models represent a well-motivated intermediate step towards the unication of the Standard Model (SM) gauge groups. Extended gauge group sector, as compared to that of the SM, leads to additional neutral and charged gauge bosons. These so-called Z' and W' bosons are actively searched for at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Based on a recent global analysis of low-energy and LEP constraints of these models, we perform numerical scans of their various signals at the LHC at Leading Order accuracy. We show that total cross sections for lepton and third-generation quark pairs, while experimentally easily accessible, provide individually only partial information about the model realized in Nature. In contrast, correlations of these cross sections in the neutral and charged current channels may well lead to a unique identification. Subsequently we study the electroweak top-pair production at Next-to-leading Order (NLO) accuracy in the SM extensions with an additional Z' boson assuming general flavour-diagonal couplings. We calculate the virtual and real corrections at order O(alS*alW^2) and implement them in the POWHEG BOX framework which allows for consistent matching of NLO QCD calculations with parton showers. We find that the NLO corrections can be very important but the K-factors in the invariant mass region around the resonance mass are modest.
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Search for resonant WZ production in the fully leptonic final state with the ATLAS detectorFreund, Benjamin 07 1900 (has links)
Diboson resonance searches are an essential test of electroweak symmetry breaking
theories beyond the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. Vector or scalar resonances
decaying to dibosons are predicted by various models going beyond theSM, such as Grand
Unified theories, Little Higgs models, Composite Higgs models or models with extended
Higgs sector (such as Super Symmetry (SUSY) or two-Higgs-doublet models). This
thesis presents a search for resonant WZ production in the fully leptonic decay channel
ℓν ℓℓ (ℓ = e or μ) with two production modes : quark-antiquark fusion or vector-boson
fusion. Using 36.1 fb−1 of recent data collected by the ATLAS detector in pp collisions
delivered by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at 13 TeV, constraints are obtained on
models going beyond the SM.
Since this analysis considers the fully leptonic decays of the vector bosons, events
with exactly three leptons in the final state and a substantial missing transverse energy
are selected. One signal region is established for each production mode of the resonance,
either by quark-antiquark or vector boson fusion. For heavy vectorial resonances produced
by quark fusion the W and Z bosons are required to carry a substantial fraction of the
resonance energy (pWT
/mWZ > 0.35 and pZT /mWZ > 0.35)). Events with resonances
produced by vector boson fusion are characterised by two jets with a large invariant mass
and a large separation in pseudorapidity. Therefore, in the search for this production mode,
events are required to have at least two jets with an invariant mass (mj j ) greater than
500 GeV and a separation in pseudorapidity ( ηj j ) of at least | ηj j | > 3.5. In each signal
region the distribution of the invariant mass of the WZ system will then be examined
to determine the presence or absence of new resonances that manifest themselves as
localised excesses in the invariant mass of the diboson system (mWZ).
No significant excess was observed in the signal regions. Limits have then been set on
the cross section times branching ratio for a heavy vector resonance produced by either
quark-antiquark or vector boson fusion. Additionally, limits on the coupling parameters
and masses are obtained for a charged Higgs boson in the Georgi-Machacek produced
by vector boson fusion. / Les recherches de résonances di-boson constituent un test essentiel des théories de
brisure de symétrie électrofaible au-delà du modèle standard (MS). Plusieurs scénarios,
comme les théories de grande unification, les modèles Little Higgs, les modèles de Higgs
Composés ou celles avec un secteur de Higgs élargi (par example SUSY ou le two-Higgsdoublet
model), prédisent des résonances vectorielles ou scalaires. Cette thèse présente
une recherche de résonances lourdes se désintégrant en WZ dans le canal leptonique
WZ → ℓν ℓℓ (ℓ = e ou μ). Deux modes de production sont considérés : par fusion de
quark-antiquark ou par fusion de boson vectoriels. Se basant sur les récentes données
recueillies par le détecteur ATLAS lors de collisions pp à 13 TeV au LHC au cours
des années 2015 et 2016, avec une luminosité intégrée de 36.1 fb−1, on établira des
contraintes sur des modèles allant au-delà du MS de la physique des particules.
Puisqu’on considère la désintégration leptonique des bosons WZ, on sélectionne les
événements ayant trois leptons et une grande énergie transverse manquante. Des régions
de signal sont choisies pour chaque mode de production : fusion par quarks ou par
bosons vectoriels. Pour les résonances produites par fusion de quark, on considère des
résonances vectorielles lourdes. On sélectionne donc des événements où les bosonW et Z
portent une fraction importante de l’énergie de masse de la résonance (pWT
/mWZ > 0.35
et pZT
/mWZ > 0.35). Les résonances produites par fusion de bosons sont caractérisées par
deux jets ayant une grande séparation en pseudorapidité et une grande masse invariante.
Pour la région de signal, dans ce cas, on requiert alors au moins deux jets avec une
masse invariante supérieure à mj j > 500 GeV et une grande séparation en pseudorapidité
| ηj j | > 3.5. Pour les deux régions, la distribution en masse invariante du système
WZ sera examinée pour déterminer la présence ou non de nouvelles résonances qui se
manifesteraient par un excès localisé.
En fin de compte, aucun excès significatif n’a été observé dans les régions de signal,
ce qui permet d’établir des limites sur le produit de la section efficace et du rapport
d’embranchement d’un boson massif vectoriel dans les deux canaux de production. Des
contraintes sont également obtenues sur la masse et le couplage d’un boson de Higgs chargé du modèle Georgi-Machacek, produites par fusion de bosons vectoriels.
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Leptonic Dipole Transitions: A New Signature for Physics Beyond the Standard ModelTunley, Robin 04 1900 (has links)
<p>In this work, we consider the addition of a single neutral massive vector boson to the Standard Model (SM). This boson, which we refer to as N<sup>0</sup>, induces dipolar transitions between electrons and muons. We obtain bounds on the strength of its coupling and its mass: from the scattering process e+e- to mu+mu-; from its contribution to muonium-antimuonium oscillations; and from its possible contribution to the rare muon decay mu- to e+e-e-. In particular, we examine the two cases where the mediator is both heavy and light compared with the scattering energies for, and place constraints on the relevant parameters based on their contributions to the cross section and the forward-backward asymmetry. For muonium-antimuonium oscillations, we consider only the case where the mediator is heavy compared to all other scales, reducing its effect to an effective contact interaction. Finally, we consider an SU(2) invariant theory from which the N<sup>0</sup> interaction emerges, and find that flavour diagonal interactions also emerge, giving a tree-level path for the decay mu- to e+e-e-. We find that the heavy N<sup>0</sup> is not strongly constrained by this contribution, while the light N<sup>0</sup> is very strongly constrained by it. Very generally, we find that the heavy N<sup>0</sup> is much less constrained than other lepton flavour violating processes, while the constraints on the light N0 vary in strength between processes.</p> / Master of Science (MSc)
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