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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Regulation of the yifK locus by multi-target small RNA GcvB in Salmonella / Régulation du gène yifK par le petit ARN multi-cible GcvB chez Salmonella

Yang, Qi 19 September 2013 (has links)
GcvB est un ARN bactérien conservé de 200 nucléotides, qui régule négativement l’expression de plusieurs gènes impliqués dans l’import et la biosynthèse des acides aminés. Bien que le rôle physiologique de GcvB ne soit pas complètement élucidé, il contribuerait vraisemblablement à équilibrer les ressources nutritionnelles en conditions de croissance rapide. GcvB inhibe la traduction des ARNm cibles en s’appariant avec des séquences à l’intérieur ou en amont du site de liaison du ribosome. Dans cette étude, la caractérisation d’un nouveau locus régulé par GcvB a permis de dévoiler des aspects singuliers du mode de fonctionnement de cet ARN régulateur. Nous avons découvert que GcvB réprime yifK - un gène très conservé, codant pour un transporteur d’acides aminés putatif - en ciblant un élément activateur de la traduction sur l’ARNm. Deux motifs ACA dans la séquence cible sont les déterminants principaux de la fonction activatrice. Le remplacement de l’un ou l’autre avec des triplets aléatoires, provoque une diminution de 10 fois du niveau d’expression de yifK, quelque soit l’allèle de GcvB (délétion ou changement de séquence permettant la reconnaissance de la cible mutante). Il apparait ainsi que l’efficacité de GcvB à réguler négativement sa cible serait liée a sa capacité d’antagoniser l’élément activateur. Lorsque l’activateur est éliminé, l’action de GcvB n’est plus un facteur limitant pour l’expression de yifK. Dans son ensemble, cette étude apporte une meilleure compréhension de la fonction de GcvB et révèle un nouvel aspect du processus d’initiation de la traduction. En plus du contrôle par GcvB, le locus yifK est régulé au niveau transcriptionnel par Lrp (leucine-responsive regulatory protein) et par HdfR (YifA) un régulateur transcriptionnel peu connu qui requerrait le produit du gène adjacent orienté de façon divergente, yifE, pour son expression ou activité. Enfin, la transcription initiée au niveau du promoteur yifK s’étend dans l’opéron d’ARNt argX-hisR-leuT-proM adjacent, donnant lieu à un transcrit primaire qui est à la fois un lARNm et un précurseur des ARNt. Cet ARN chimère est rapidement maturé par l’ARNase E. / GcvB is a conserved 200 nucleotide RNA that downregulates several genes involved in amino acid uptake or biosynthesis in bacteria. The physiological role of GcvB action is not entirely clear, but it is likely aimed at balancing of nutritional resources under fast growth conditions. GcvB inhibits translation of target messenger RNAs by pairing with sequences inside or upstream of ribosome binding sites. In the present study, characterization of a novel GcvB-regulated locus revealed some unique features in the mode of functioning of this regulatory RNA. We found that GcvB represses yifK - a highly conserved locus encoding a putative amino acid transporter - by targeting a translational enhancer element. Two ACA motifs within the target sequence are the main determinants of the enhancer activity. Replacing either of these motifs with random triplets caused up to a 10-fold decrease in yifK expression regardless of the GcvB allele (deleted or suitably modified to recognize the mutated target). It thus appears that GcvB effectiveness as a regulator results from countering the enhancer activity. When the enhancer is removed, GcvB action no longer constitutes a rate-limiting factor for yifK expression. Overall, this study is relevant not only to a better understanding of GcvB function but it also provides insight into an elusive aspect of the translation initiation process. Besides the GcvB control, the yifK locus is regulated at the transcriptional level by the leucine responsive regulator Lrp, and by HdfR (YifA) a poorly known transcriptional regulator, that appears to require the product of the adjacent, divergently oriented gene, yifE, for expression or activity. Transcription initiating at the yifK promoter extends into the adjacent argX-hisR-leuT-proM tRNA operon yielding an unusual primary transcript which both a messenger RNA and a tRNA precursor. This chimeric RNA si rapidly processed by RNAse E.
2

Regulation of the yifK locus by multi-target small RNA GcvB in Salmonella

Yang, Qi 19 September 2013 (has links) (PDF)
GcvB is a conserved 200 nucleotide RNA that downregulates several genes involved in amino acid uptake or biosynthesis in bacteria. The physiological role of GcvB action is not entirely clear, but it is likely aimed at balancing of nutritional resources under fast growth conditions. GcvB inhibits translation of target messenger RNAs by pairing with sequences inside or upstream of ribosome binding sites. In the present study, characterization of a novel GcvB-regulated locus revealed some unique features in the mode of functioning of this regulatory RNA. We found that GcvB represses yifK - a highly conserved locus encoding a putative amino acid transporter - by targeting a translational enhancer element. Two ACA motifs within the target sequence are the main determinants of the enhancer activity. Replacing either of these motifs with random triplets caused up to a 10-fold decrease in yifK expression regardless of the GcvB allele (deleted or suitably modified to recognize the mutated target). It thus appears that GcvB effectiveness as a regulator results from countering the enhancer activity. When the enhancer is removed, GcvB action no longer constitutes a rate-limiting factor for yifK expression. Overall, this study is relevant not only to a better understanding of GcvB function but it also provides insight into an elusive aspect of the translation initiation process. Besides the GcvB control, the yifK locus is regulated at the transcriptional level by the leucine responsive regulator Lrp, and by HdfR (YifA) a poorly known transcriptional regulator, that appears to require the product of the adjacent, divergently oriented gene, yifE, for expression or activity. Transcription initiating at the yifK promoter extends into the adjacent argX-hisR-leuT-proM tRNA operon yielding an unusual primary transcript which both a messenger RNA and a tRNA precursor. This chimeric RNA si rapidly processed by RNAse E.

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