Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-17T13:30:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FrancoiseDantasDeLima_TESE.pdf: 8585044 bytes, checksum: 0ae8905bac9e200a95b966507fc7aa0e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-19T15:09:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FrancoiseDantasDeLima_TESE.pdf: 8585044 bytes, checksum: 0ae8905bac9e200a95b966507fc7aa0e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-19T15:09:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FrancoiseDantasDeLima_TESE.pdf: 8585044 bytes, checksum: 0ae8905bac9e200a95b966507fc7aa0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-07 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A abordagem integrativa aplicada ? conserva??o de uma esp?cie ? essencial para a compreens?o dos fatores que contribuem para a diversifica??o de popula??es, processos de especia??o e identifica??o de padr?es ecol?gicos. Para tra?ar um panorama de conserva??o para Octopus insularis, foi adotada uma abordagem integrativa que envolve elementos da filogenia, filogeografia, Barcoding, modelagem do nicho clim?tico e gen?tica da paisagem. O presente estudo foi realizado em 15 localidades da costa oeste e ilhas oce?nicas do Atl?ntico Tropical. Foi identificado um aumento da ?rea de distribui??o de O. insularis para o mar do Caribe, o qual confirma o alto potencial da esp?cie para dominar ambientes de ?guas quentes e rasas. Al?m disso, verificou-se problemas com a identifica??o incorreta das esp?cies que comp?em os estoques pesqueiros dessa regi?o e do Golfo do M?xico, o que pode amea?ar a esp?cie end?mica O. maya. Atrav?s do enfoque filogen?tico com infer?ncia biogeogr?fica, foi poss?vel identificar o Caribe como poss?vel centro de origem do O. insularis, a qual divergiu de outras do g?nero ap?s o soerguimento do Istmo do Panam?. Tr?s clados contendo esp?cies transistimianas confirmam a import?ncia desse evento geol?gico no processo de especia??o em oct?podes. A influ?ncia dos processos clim?ticos subsequentes nas popula??es de O. insularis foi analisada atrav?s da modelagem do nicho em cinco cen?rios temporais. A an?lise revelou expans?o do nicho de O. insularis, em dire??o a regi?es temperadas nos cen?rios de aquecimento global. J? a filogeografia, estrutura??o populacional mostrou quatro popula??es/estoques bem delimitados geneticamente, devido ao regime da Corrente Sul Equatorial e montes submersos. Tais resultados corroboram a hip?tese do isolamento por Resist?ncia. Os resultados do presente estudo permitiram uma vis?o hol?stica dos fatores gen?ticos, ecol?gicos e oceanogr?ficos que influenciam a esp?cie O. insularis e auxiliaram a tra?ar um atual panorama de conserva??o e regulamenta??o da esp?cie, bem como sugerir futuras medidas de manejo para e esp?cie. / The integrative approach applied to species conservation is essential to understand the factors that contribute to population diversification, speciation processes and identification of ecological patterns. To propose a panorama for the conservation of Octopus insularis, a wide distributed species in the Tropical Atlantic, an integrative approach involving phylogeny, phylogeography, Barcoding, climatic niche modeling and landscape genetics was adopted. The present study was performed in 15 localities of the Tropical Atlantic west coast and oceanic islands. It was identified a northward increase in the O. insularis distribution area towards the Caribbean Sea, which confirms high potential of this species to dominate warm and shallow waters. Furthermore, misidentification of the species that compose fisheries stocks in the Gulf of Mexico was detected, which may threaten the endemic species O. maya. By using phylogeny approach with biogeographic interference, it was possible to identify Caribbean Sea as an origin area of O. insularis, which diverged from others congeners after the uplift of Isthmus of Panama. Tree clades formed by transisthmian species confirmed the importance of this geological event on speciation processes in octopod. The influence of the historical e future climate changes on distribution and expansion of O. insularis populations was analyzed by ecological niche modeling in five temporal scenarios. The analysis revealed a climatic niche expansion of O. insularis towards temperate regions on global warming scenarios. Whereas, phylogeography and population structure showed four populations/stocks well delimited, mainly due to South Equatorial Current and seamounts. These results corroborate the Isolation by Distance hypothesis. The present results allowed a holistic view, including genetic, ecology and oceanographic factors, which influences O. insularis life history. Those findings can help to build an actual panorama of species conservation and regulation, as well, to suggest future management measures to attenuate possible consequence of global climatic changes.