The entrepreneurship dynamism of a country is the center of Schumpeter’s creativedestruction process and virtuous circle, in which new and innovative companies enteringthe market drive the obsolete and less productive ones out of the market. As aconsequence of this process, the market is improved and it incentivizes the creation ofinnovative solutions to solve problems. The study focuses on the pivotal function of theentries in this process. To better understand the creation of new ventures process the study investigates how thecontextual factors impact the entrepreneur’s decision of starting a new business, focusingon two business environments: Sweden and Brazil. Through interviews with Swedish andBrazilian entrepreneurs we analyze how entrepreneurs perceive the contextual factors andhow it impacted their new venture creation process. Through the literature we find that the business environment is composed by seven majorfactors that, with an extended framework based on literature review, we consider as:economic wealth, government policies and procedures, legal & administrative, society’sculture; network and knowledge; financial assistance; and non-financial assistance. Analyzing the empirical material about the business environments we find that Swedishand Brazilian entrepreneurs feel the influence of the different contextual factors inbusiness creation but do not always understand their causes. Our findings show that theseven contextual factors do not have the same level of influence in Sweden and Braziland often depend on the environment. However, for entrepreneurs in both two contextualfactors have a pivotal impact: network and financial assistance. This study contributes to the theory by providing a more detailed extended framework tostudy the influence of contextual factors on the process of starting a new business.Furthermore, this research also contributes by providing empirical evidence of Swedishand Brazilian entrepreneurs’ perceptions of their business environment and the influenceof the contextual factors.

Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une convention CIFRE entre la Chambre Nationale des huissiers de justice et l'université Paris Dauphine. Afin de doter la profession d'huissier de justice d’arguments quantitatifs et qualitatifs pour mener à bien les différentes actions et anticiper les évolutions relatives à la profession, nous proposons dans ce projet de thèse d'analyser la démographie des offices d'huissier, leur localisation, leur structures, la sensibilité de l'activité de ces professionnels à la conjoncture. Ce projet s'engage également à évaluer l'équilibre économique des offices, au regard de règles de tarification complexes et enfin d'analyser la régulation du marché des services juridiques. / This thesis joins within the framework of a CIFRE agreement between the National Chamber of the bailiffs and the Paris Dauphine university. To endow the profession of bailiff of quantitative and qualitative arguments to bring to a successful conclusion the various actions and anticipate the evolutions relative to the profession, we suggest in this project of thesis analyzing the demography of bailiff's services, their localization, structure them, the sensibility of the activity of these professionals in the situation. This project also makes a commitment to estimate the balance in the economy of services, with regard to complex rules of pricing and finally to analyze the legal regulation of the services market.