Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, 1954. / Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Typescript. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed December 16, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-108).

<p> Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data and field observations were used to create a new tectonogeomorphic strip map along the San Andreas Fault from Wrightwood 47 km southeast to Highland. Three hundred and thirty one geomorphic features were identified and the displacements of 23 offset and deflected streams were measured using Quick Terrain Modeler (QTM). Offsets cluster around 10-50 m, and only one offset is smaller than 5 m, and a few larger offsets (100 m-200 m). </p><p> The primary purpose of this project, besides creating the strip map, was to determine how slip is transferred between the northern San Jacinto fault and Mojave-San Bernardino segments in the Cajon Pass area. Previously published slip rate data suggests slip transfer from the San Jacinto fault to the San Andreas fault between Badger Canyon and Cajon Creek at Cajon Pass area. However, there are no significant changes in offset amounts along the northern end of the San Bernardino segment, and the most likely location for slip transfer would be Cajon Pass.</p>

<p> Significant accumulations of lower Wilcox Group coals have previously been reported throughout regional reconnaissance studies in north-central Louisiana. The present study is part of a series of contiguous sub-regional studies that incorporate much higher well densities, evaluate each well log individually for coal presence, and map the structures and thicknesses of the Reynolds and the Russell coal. The thickest coal accumulations are found in paralic lagoon deposits in the northern portions of the study area within Lasalle and Rapides Parishes just south of the Angelina-Caldwell Flexure and ontop of the LaSalle Arch. No lower Wilcox Group coals were found south of Township 2N (latitude 31.100&deg; N) in this study. Lower Wilcox Group strata south of Township 2N are interpreted as a shoreline with marine conditions to the south, not suitable for coal accumulation.</p>

<p> The objective of this research was to determine the size, shape, activity of dunes, petrological characteristics, and provenance of sand in the Winnemucca Dune Complex (WDC). Methods and procedures included the extraction of weather records from meteorological stations, generating surficial landform maps, measuring dune advancement from historical aerial imagery, and field sampling of sand for laboratory inspection of grain size and mineralogical composition. Grain size parameters and textural classification of dune sand were determined using a Laser Granulometer and GRADISTAT v.8 (Blott &amp; Pye 2001). The mineralogical composition and physical classification of dune sand was analyzed using fine powder X-ray Diffractometry and stained standard thin sections. Results were plotted on ternary diagrams with Quartz-Feldspar-Lithic (Folk 1974) and Quartz-Alkali feldspar-Plagioclase (Streckeisen 1976, 1978) overlays. </p><p> Measurements from surficial landform maps estimate wind-blown deposits are distributed on 472.2 square kilometers of terrain. Active dunes are universally dominated by unique configurations of intermediate shaped barchan and parabolic dunes. For the purpose of this study these features were termed as barchanbolic. WDC is primarily covered by 6 crescentic complexes, 1 large sand sheet, and discontinuous sets of compound barchanbolic-parabolic dune fields. The crescentic complexes are composed of closely spaced barchanoidal and transverse ridges with occasional star dunes. Between the complexes are repetitive sequences of compound and individual barchanbolic-parabolic dunes that laterally radiate towards the bounding perimeter of WDC. Sand sheets, ramps, climbing, descending, cliff-top, and lee dunes are also present along mountain crests and hillsides. Sand sheets (56.3 square kilometers) and active dunes (162 square kilometers) extend across 218.3 square kilometers which constitutes 46.2% of the wind-blown deposits in WDC. Since the year 1980 sand dunes have been advancing at maximum rates from 1.6 to 6.9 meters per year on an azimuth of 35-130 degrees. Rose diagrams and historical wind records verify the sand dunes reach peak advancement rates during the warm season months of April to the middle of July. During this time of year the strongest winds prevail from west-southwest when the daily maximum wind speed is near 7 meters per second. Measurements of sand dune advancement rates from the years 1980-2012 show eolian activity has spatiotemporally fluctuated within the complex. </p><p> WDC sand was observed to have distinguishing textural attributes. Sediments from active dunes were mesokurtic, symmetrical, and trended towards moderately well sorted medium sand. Sediments from stable dunes were mesokurtic and trended towards moderately sorted fine sand but varied in skew from symmetrical to fine. Micro-stereoscopic inspection of bulk samples, thin sections, and the QFL ternary diagram revealed that sand traveling down the sediment transport corridor will physically weather from a White to Grey &amp; Very Pale Brown Litharenite into a Very Dark Grey to Light Yellowish Brown &amp; Pale Brown Feldspathic litharenite sand. The QAP ternary analysis and X-ray Diffractometry demonstrated that during the processes of dune stabilization and mineralogical maturation of sand the relative weight percent of total Quartz will increase (20 to 68%) and the percent relative abundance of lithic material will decrease (100 to 45%). Feldspar minerals were plentiful and ranged from 32 to 80 relative weight percent. The mineralogical maturity of sand when interpreted by the ratio of Quartz to Feldspar grades the maturation as low to fractionally intermediate. The QAP ternary diagram demonstrates there are distinct mineralogical differences within the sand and that mixing of sediments from various supply sources have contributed to its composition. Similar to findings from the Mojave Desert (Zimbelman &amp; Williams 2002) the abundance of Feldspar and lack of Quartz enrichment in WDC dune sand may imply the mineralogical maturity is directly inherited from the parent material. The lack of Quartz enrichment also indicates WDC is geologically young and most likely has not endured extended periods of inactivity. Prominent angular to subangular grains in WDC sediments suggest dune sand has not been transported over extremely long distances. Potential sediment supply sources for dune sand may include the Jungo terrane, Comforter Basin Formation, McDermitt-Santa Rose volcanic field, and sedimentary deposits from Lake Lahontan.</p>

<p> Geomorphologic methods document poorly exposed tectonically active structures in the first study to determine quantified ages for Quaternary Age fluvial terraces at Santa Cruz Creek. GPS surveys of three flights of terrace surfaces and a stream gradient profile reveal deformation at the Baseline/Los Alamos fault zone and Little Pine fault. Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating was employed to determine ages for the terraces. The formation age of Terrace 1 is 19.3 ka with an incision rate of 1.63 to 1.82 mm/yr, Terrace 2 was dated at 32.9 ka with incision rate of2.02 to 1.82 mm/yr. Based on incision rates an estimated age of 44.0-47.0 ka was calculated for Terrace 3. Offsets in T-2 and T-3 were used to calculate a short term faulting rates of .91 mm/yr and a long term faulting rate of 0.67 to 0. 73 mm/yr for the Baseline/Los Alamos fault.</p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Atatürk University, 1973. / Summary in English: p. 235-240. Includes bibliographical references (p. 242-258).

<p> Mountaintop removal/valley fill (MTR/VF) coal mining in the Central Appalachian region has created the most extreme anthropogenic landscape on Earth by lowering ridges and infilling headwater stream valleys. No studies have attempted to detail erosional processes active on MTR/VR landforms. A combination of field work and LiDAR data observations documents erosional features on MTR/VF landscapes. Landscape evolution modeling explores future possibilities in valley-filled catchments. LiDAR data also allows for the quantification of valley-filled catchment alteration with statistically significant differences in both drainage density and depression storage capacity between &ldquo;less disturbed&rdquo; and valley-filled catchments. Field and LiDAR data observations show that the drainage systems associated with the periphery of the MTR/VF landscape are particularly vulnerable to gully erosion. This study also provides evidence of landslides occurring within fully reclaimed valley fills. Landscape evolution modeling reproduces gully erosion mechanisms documents in the field. Modeled erosion rates based solely on bedload averaged 10.9 mm/kyr^-1. Modeled erosion rates are higher on valley fills with constructed drains in the center of the valley fill relative to those with drains along the sides.</p><p>

<p> The midcontinent of the U.S. is heavily karstified containing well developed subsurface drainage systems that are covered by beds of coarse-grained, poorly sorted fluvial sediments, resembling those found in upland surface streams. The movement of coarse sediment as bed load within karst streams has been considered negligible in the past as it was assumed that all karst is developed through dissolution rather than mechanical abrasion. The frequency and magnitude of sediment transporting events in karst streams has implications for models of fluviokarst landscape development and the stability of aquatic ecosystems. </p><p> Within Tumbling Creek Cave (TCC) in the Ozark Plateau of south-central Missouri, and Bear Cave Hollow (BCH), one of TCC&#129;es surface drainage streams, bed load entrainment and transport dynamics of coarse-grained (16-180 mm), mainly siliciclastic material, was evaluated using hydrological measurements and 670 painted tracer particles. Tracers are used in this research for the first time in a karst stream. Tracers are well suited for studying the stochastic and spatially variable nature of bed load transport because they reflect the movement of individual particles of known characteristics, and they are also inexpensive and simple to employ.</p><p> Median surficial sediment grain size in the study reaches ranged from 39 to 71 mm in TCC, and from 24 to 37 mm in BCH with bed and/or water slopes ranging from 0.006 to 0.077 in TCC and from 0.002 to 0.009 in BCH. TCC is classified as a pool-riffle channel morphology type and BCH is classified as a plane-bed channel. Preliminary data from surveys of the longitudinal (downstream) movement of tracers over a 10-month period indicate that minor amounts (0-13.2%) of coarse bed material in TCC are mobilized by relatively low flows (5-28% of bankfull) that recur somewhat frequently (less than 3.1 years). BCH transports a higher percentage of material (0-59.1%) during similar flows (2-29% of bankfull) and frequencies (less than 3.59 years). Bed load transport was observed to be in a state of partial transport for any one grain size class in TCC during the study, while the complete mobilization of tracer size classes was observed in BCH at the highest observed flow, indicating &ldquo;phase 2&rdquo; transport and the break-up of the armor layer. The differences are attributed to the wider observed range of grain sizes covering the bed in TCC compared to BCH.</p><p> The use of the Shields (1936) criteria tends to over predict the critical shear stress required for entrainment of the largest mobilized grain size of individual tracers, while the empirical equation of Bagnold (1980) performs much better. Thus, the Shields equation may be better suited as a gage for complete mobilization of a grain size class across a reach, while the Bagnold (1980) equation may be better suited for estimating entrainment of grains from patches of the bed.</p><p>

Habilitationsschrift--Würzburg. / Summary also in English. Bibliography: p. 190-201.

Habilitationsschrift--Würzburg. / Summary also in English. Bibliography: p. 190-201.