<p> Temperature, pressure, and relative humidity within Jinapsan Cave on Guam were compiled and analyzed over a five-month period to gain a better understanding of this environment. Temperatures within the cave hover around ~26&deg;C with no apparent influences except the mean annual temperature, with humidity values over 90%. There is high fidelity between outside and internal air pressures indicating no pressure differential exists and pressure changes are a result of kinematic wave flow. A mild correlation exists between a cave speleothem's drip rate and outside pressure. The cave's tidal pool compared to oceanic tides show a lag of 1-2 hours and amplitude dampening. The tidal pool's temperature is 25.7&deg;C, signifying no mass transfer of water occurs. Tropical cave studies are rare, but are important for paleoclimate research using cave speleothems as proxies. This study determined cave meteorological factors that affect speleothem development to allow for more accurate paleoclimate studies.</p>

<p> Long-term records of cyclic droughts are valuable for understanding future changes in hydrologic patterns and constraining climate models. A 3,300-year long record of &delta;¹⁸O and &delta;¹³C values from endogenic carbonate from Foy Lake, Montana is used to infer such droughts during the early Holocene. From 10.8 to 9.6 kyr BP, &delta;¹⁸O and &delta;¹³C values are low, indicating a period dominated by a cooler, less evaporative climate. Both records exhibit strong cyclicity in the ~200 yr range, which is inferred to be a solar cycle. A dramatic shift towards a warmer, drier climate occurs after 9.6 kyr BP in a step pattern, dramatic in the &delta;¹³C record. Warming occurs after the transition. Stochastic cyclicity dominates with weaker, but statistically significant, periodicities ranging from 40-70 yrs. These are believed to be an expression of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. This larger synoptic climate signal may be important to the overall Pacific Northwest climate. </p>