In the age where quick turn around time and high speed manufacturing methods are becoming more important, quality assurance is a consistent bottleneck in production. With the development of cheap and fast computer hardware, it has become viable to use machine vision for the collection of data points from a machined part. The generation of these large sample points have necessitated a need for a comprehensive algorithm that will be able to provide accurate results while being computationally efficient. Current established methods are least-squares (LSQ) and non-linear programming (NLP). The LSQ method is often deemed too inaccurate and is prone to providing bad results, while the NLP method is computationally taxing. A novel method of using support vector regression (SVR) to solve the NP-hard problem of cylindricity of machined parts is proposed. This method was evaluated against LSQ and NLP in both accuracy and CPU processing time. An open-source, user-modifiable programming package was developed to test the model. Analysis of test results show the novel SVR algorithm to be a viable alternative in exploring different methods of cylindricity in real-world manufacturing.

The diploma thesis deals with the design of a new technological process for the production of a spacer ring with a diameter of 212 mm in cooperation with the company Meopta – Optika, s.r.o. The production of this component according to the current process does not comply with the prescribed geometric tolerances of flatness of the face and radius runout with a tolerance field size of 0.005 mm. The work is a detailed analysis of the specified component and describes the current technological process, including the machines on which the spacer ring is manufactured. Based on the knowledge gained from the analysis of the current process, a new technological process was created. During the production according to this process, some geometric tolerances were also exceeded, but the values exceeding the prescribed tolerance field were significantly reduced. The department of production technology found the results to be sufficient and the spacer ring will be produced according to the new technological process. In the last part of the work are the costs of production of components according to both processes.

A fabricação de produtos cada vez melhores é fator imperativo, pois sob o ponto de vista dos fabricantes, maior fatia do mercado, maiores lucros, e para o consumidor produtos de melhor desempenho, maior vida útil, maior compacticidade, ou seja, qualidade. Por sua vez, garantir esta qualidade exige uma definição adequada das características do produto, obrigando o mundo tecnológico a investir na procura por melhores meios de controle dimensional. A tendência pelo aumento da qualidade dos produtos faz surgir a necessidade de se construir ou aperfeiçoar sistemas de medição que possam avaliar com grande rapidez e acuracidade as mais diversas características dimensionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é implementar um sistema informatizado que permita simular calibradores do tipo Passa-Não Passa em uma Máquina de Medir a Três Coordenadas (MM3C) do tipo Ponte Móvel. Cabe destacar que a grande vantagem do sistema proposto consiste na flexibilidade que se tem nas mudanças das características geométricas de cada calibrador. Com pequenas alterações no programa computacional pode-se modificar tolerâncias, diâmetros e qualidades de inspeção. Para tanto, o sistema deve possuir uma base de dados com informações da peça a ser avaliada. Com o auxílio destas informações, o sistema pode orientar o operador sobre os procedimentos a serem tomados durante o processo de inspeção. / The manufacturing of better products is an imperative factor, as it results, from the manufacturers point of view, in larger market share, high profit and, for the consumers, better performance and long life products, which means quality. On the other hand, providing quality demands a suitable definition of the product features, pushing the technology world into a search for better means of dimensional control. The tendency of increasing product quality raises the necessity of constructing or improving measurement systems which are able to evaluate a wide variety of dimensional characteristics with high accuracy and velocity. The aim of this work is to accomplish a computer system that simulates go-not-go gauges on a moving bridge coordinate measuring machine. The great advantage of the proposed system consists in the flexibility available to adapt into each gauge different geometric features. With small modifications in the computational program, tolerances, diameters and ISO tolerance can be altered. In order to perform these modifications, the system must hold a database regarding the article to be evaluated. With this information, the system can guide the operator about the procedure to be followed during the inspection process.

A fabricação de produtos cada vez melhores é fator imperativo, pois sob o ponto de vista dos fabricantes, maior fatia do mercado, maiores lucros, e para o consumidor produtos de melhor desempenho, maior vida útil, maior compacticidade, ou seja, qualidade. Por sua vez, garantir esta qualidade exige uma definição adequada das características do produto, obrigando o mundo tecnológico a investir na procura por melhores meios de controle dimensional. A tendência pelo aumento da qualidade dos produtos faz surgir a necessidade de se construir ou aperfeiçoar sistemas de medição que possam avaliar com grande rapidez e acuracidade as mais diversas características dimensionais. O objetivo deste trabalho é implementar um sistema informatizado que permita simular calibradores do tipo Passa-Não Passa em uma Máquina de Medir a Três Coordenadas (MM3C) do tipo Ponte Móvel. Cabe destacar que a grande vantagem do sistema proposto consiste na flexibilidade que se tem nas mudanças das características geométricas de cada calibrador. Com pequenas alterações no programa computacional pode-se modificar tolerâncias, diâmetros e qualidades de inspeção. Para tanto, o sistema deve possuir uma base de dados com informações da peça a ser avaliada. Com o auxílio destas informações, o sistema pode orientar o operador sobre os procedimentos a serem tomados durante o processo de inspeção. / The manufacturing of better products is an imperative factor, as it results, from the manufacturers point of view, in larger market share, high profit and, for the consumers, better performance and long life products, which means quality. On the other hand, providing quality demands a suitable definition of the product features, pushing the technology world into a search for better means of dimensional control. The tendency of increasing product quality raises the necessity of constructing or improving measurement systems which are able to evaluate a wide variety of dimensional characteristics with high accuracy and velocity. The aim of this work is to accomplish a computer system that simulates go-not-go gauges on a moving bridge coordinate measuring machine. The great advantage of the proposed system consists in the flexibility available to adapt into each gauge different geometric features. With small modifications in the computational program, tolerances, diameters and ISO tolerance can be altered. In order to perform these modifications, the system must hold a database regarding the article to be evaluated. With this information, the system can guide the operator about the procedure to be followed during the inspection process.