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Zugl.: Greifswald, Univ., Diss., 2004

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Greifswald, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 189-208).

The study of Nazi art as an historical document provided an effective measure of Nazi political platform and social policy. Because the ideology of the Third Reich is represented within Nazi art itself, it is useful to have a good understanding of the politics and ideology, surrounding the German art world at the time. Women were used in this study as an exemplification of Nazi art. This study uses the subject of women in Nazi painting, to show how the ideology is represented within the art work itself. It was first necessary to understand the fervorent "cleansing" of the German art world initiated by the Nazis. The Nazis too effectively stamped out all forms of professional art criticism, and virtually changed the function of the art critic to art editor. The nazification of the German artist was "necessary" in order for the Nazis to enjoy total control over the creation of German art. With these three steps taken in the "cleansing" of the German art world, the Nazis made sure that the creation of a "true" Germanic art would go forth completely unhindered. In order to comprehend the subject of Nazi art regarding women, the inherent ideology must be studied. The "new" German woman under National Socialism, was to be the mother, the model of Aryan characteristics, healthy and lean. Nazi political doctrine stated that women were inherently connected with the blood and soil of the nation, as well as nature itself. Women were to be innocent and pure, the bearers of the future Volk and the sustenance of that Volk. Once this political ideology is understood, the depiction of the German woman as mother, as nature, as sexual object, can be placed within Nazi historical context. Political art provided the Nazi state, the historical legitimization the government needed. It provided the means by which the state could be visually validated, politically, and historically.

[pt] As obras dos dois artistas alemães Anselm Kiefer e Georg Baselitz e sua importância na retomada da arte germânica e européia no cenário da arte mundial são objetos de estudo deste trabalho. Ao reviverem suas próprias histórias de vida em sua prática artística, esses artistas transformam as reminiscências do passado em motivo (Leitmotiv) para a criação. Assimilando e explorando suas experiências vitais para transformá-las em matéria constituinte de suas poéticas, efetuam o resgate de um pathos tipicamente romântico. O olhar para a história comum, o nazismo, o comunismo, o período pós-guerra e a divisão da Alemanha e suas consequências pontuam suas obras. A semelhança estética entre suas poéticas faz-se presente em seu caráter monumental, no impulso pictórico, expressivo e brutal, bem como na qualidade gestual de suas obras. Também coincidem no regaste da figuração e de um simbolismo que alude a questões sociais, políticas e históricas, partindo de uma vivência pessoal. / [en] This paper studies the artistic creations of German painters Anselm Kiefer and Georg Baselitz and their importance in the retrieval of German and European art in the context of world art. Looking back at their own life stories and their artistic performance, these two painters made recollections of the past into the Leitmotif of creation. Assimilating and exploring their own vital experiences in order to turn them into the subject matter of their poetics, they effected the retrieval of a typically romantic pathos. A review of their common experiences with Nazism and Communism, the post-war period and the division of Germany and its consequences underscore their work. The aesthetical resemblance of their poetics also appear in the monumental character, the expressive and brutal painting impulse, as well as the spontaneous quality of their work. There also is a coincidence in the retrieval of figurative art and symbolism regarding social, political and historical questions, seen from a personal living perspective.