Šio darbo tikslas buvo ištirti VšĮ Šiaulių apskrities ligoninės Akušerijos – Ginekologijos klinikos nėščių moterų GD diagnostinius rodiklius; surinkti duomenis apie jų rizikos veiksnius ir atlikti analizę. Uždaviniai: 1) ištirti gliukozės koncentraciją kraujo serume nėštumo pradžioje, atlikti GTM 24 – 28 nėštumo savaitę; 2) po gimdymo pakartotinai atlikti GTM galutinei diagnozei patvirtinti; 3) surinkti duomenis apie nėščiųjų GD rizikos veiksnius ir juos įvertinti; 4) ištirti naujagimių gliukozės koncentraciją kapiliariniame kraujyje; 5) surinkti duomenis apie naujagimių komplikacijas ir juos įvertinti. Tiriamos nėščiosios suskirstytos į 3 grupes: rizikos, GD ir kontrolinę. Darbe daugiausia dėmesio skirta diagnostiniams rodikliams ir rizikos veiksnių analizei. Gliukozės koncentracija serume ir kraujyje yra nustatoma gliukozės analizatoriumi EBIO compact fermentiniu būdu. Buvo nustatytas gliukozės koncentracija kiekvienai moteriai nėštumo pradžioje, o rizikos ir GD grupių moterims dar atliktas ir GTM 24 – 28 nėštumo savaitę. Paskyrus gydytojui – neontologui naujagimiams buvo atlikti gliukozės koncentracijos kapiliariniame kraujyje tyrimai. Po gimdymo, kurios atvyko į laboratoriją, buvo atliktas pakartotinas GTM dėl galutinės diagnozės. Gliukozurija šlapime nustatoma juosteliniu (automatiniu) būdu, pagal principą: mėginys → juostelė, padengta specialiais reagentais → sureaguoja → spalvos pokyčiai. Aparato veikimo principas yra refleksinis fotometrinis. Šlapimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this work was to investigate pregnant women‘s gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnostic indicators in Siauliai county hospital Obstetrics - Gynecology clinic; to collect the data about their risk factors and do the analysis. The tasks: 1) to investigate the concentration of glucose in blood serum in the beginning of pregnancy, to do oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) the 24th -28th week of pregnancy; 2) to repeat OGTT after childbirth to confirm the final diagnosis; 3) to collect the data about pregnant women‘s GDM diagnostic indicators and evaluate them; 4) to investigate the concentration of glucose in capillary blood of a newborn; 5) to collect the data about the complications of newborns and evaluate them. The collected data was grouped into 3 groups: risk, GDM and control. In the work the biggest attention was given to diagnostic indicators and the analysis of risk factors. The concentration of glucose in serum and blood is identified by analyzer EBIO compactin enzyme way. The concentration of glucose was identified for every woman in the beginning of pregnancy and for women in risk and GDM groups was done OGTT the 24th -28th week of pregnancy. By a doctor neonatologist’s prescription the analysis of the concentration of glucose in capillary blood of a newborn was done. For women, who came to the laboratory after childbirth was repeated OGTT for the final diagnosis. Glucosuria in urine is identified in an automatic way, according to the principle: sample... [to full text]

The term “gestational diabetes” first was used in 1967 by J.Pedersen [J.Pedersen, 1967]. Up till then a number of other names was used to describe this pathology in scientific literature. During the last four decades a lot of reseach was done on this pregnancy related metabolic disturbance, but it is discussed up till now if this condition is worth of attention in general and if setting the diagnose is more beneficial or more harmful. Controversy exists also concerning diagnosing methods and criteria of gestational diabetes (GD). It is still discussed about the usefullness of global screening, though the majority of authors agree that by examining only the women who have predisposing factors for GD, up till 25% of GD cases would remain undiagnosed with consequently worse pregnancy outcome compared to the diagnosed and treated cases [K.M.Adams et al., 1998; D.Baliutavičienė et al., 2005]. The major complication of GD – fetal macrosomy, appears 2-4 times more frequently compared to healthy pregnant women [O.Langer et al., 2000] and is related not only to higher probability of labour trauma to mother and newborn, but also with a higher incidence of obesity in childhood and adulthood [B.Vohr et al., 1997; D.Dabelea et al., 1999; M.W.Gillman et al., 2003]. Even though it was succeded to decreace the mortality and morbidity of newborns by normalising glucose level in blood in GD patients, the incidence of macrosomy in these risky pregnancies remains higher compared to healthy... [to full text]