Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes special study report entitled : Study on transparency. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

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Thesis (MScEng (Civil Engineering)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / The introduction of toughened glass into the construction industry has had several significant consequences. For the first time, glass panels can be used without continuous edge supports, and as a result can be used as load-bearing element. An excellent and very common example of the use of glass as structural element is a freestanding glass balustrade. During an undergraduate investigation, a number of impact tests were performed on continuous supported freestanding glass balustrade panels at the University of Stellenbosch [6]. It was observed that none of the balustrade panels complied with the guidelines for impact loading stipulated in the SABS [7] loading standards. The failure to meet the loading requirements highlighted the need to investigate the design of glass balustrades. This thesis describes the investigation undertaken to determine the static- and dynamic loading capacity of freestanding glass balustrades. Following a review of South African and international design standards, the static- and dynamic material properties of toughened glass was established by means of a laboratory test series. The laboratory test series consisted of both a destructive laboratory test series and finite element analysis, the outcome of which determined the static- and dynamic material properties of toughened glass. The series also included the influence of different connection types. A second phase employed the identified material properties of toughened glass to determine the loading capacity of full-scale balustrades. Using finite elements each balustrade set-up was loaded as required by the relevant South African loading standards. The finite element analyses identified which balustrade set-ups could resist the required imposed loads. Finally, a second laboratory test series was undertaken, the aim of which was to verify the finite element results. The successful resistance of the tested balustrade set-ups confirmed the finite element model. Recommendation to the existing design- and loading standards are made based on the results of the thesis.

Building with glass, Mies van der Rohe expressed his singular vision of glass---almost nothing. Among the few things that remain in his minimalist domestic space, the body of a female sculpture holds conspicuous opacity. To seek the signification of this opacity in the transparency of Mies's architecture, this thesis analyzes his design drawings and the photographs of his buildings through a phenomenological reading. The juxtaposition and a parallel development between the presence of the opaque body and the view of glass throughout the evolution of his glass house are discovered. The discovery brings to light the finding that the opaque body is an irreducible substance in fulfilling Mies's ideal of modern house. This opacity in transparency reveals the maternal materiality that is the essence of human dwelling. Three chapters constitute this thesis, Chapter 1 introduces Mies's vision of glass and its representations; chapter 2 examines various views of the architect's glass house designs in drawings and photographs; chapter 3 explores the significance of the inherent opacity in Mies's design philosophy of modern house.

"The essence of architecture is the power of adaptation to fresh facts.” Berthold LubetkinThis creative project was my way of exploring if a convergence of art and technology in architecture can exist today.This exploration involved two focus points: one was movement and the other was glass technology.Movement was used for the exploration of the spatial relationships within an interpretation of our society today: the movement on the site as well as the inner motion of the single building elements.Glass was my modern technology tool for translating artistic ideas within architecture. It acts as a mediator between inside and outside space, between art and technology and creates a connection to the ‘understanding’ of our society.This paper is presented in five parts. The first part is the introduction to my thesis and the theoretical research about art and technology. Second is the process which I used for this project. The project is the third part. The fourth part is about glass, which represents my way of exploring the convergence of art and technology within architecture today. The last part of this paper is the overall conclusion. / Department of Architecture

Glass and the glass elements found thein way into almou all area sof human aktivity thanks to technological advances of the last 20 years. The are of construction i sof course no exeption, quite the contrary. These days it is difficult to imagine building without the glass element, whether it is a part of the interior or exterior. Yet the theory on this issue is at a very low level in the Czech Republic. The content of my work is static and dynamic analysis of structures of glass, when it is applied in practice, it will save money.

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published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Purpose: This thesis’ purpose is to identify a CLSC model of flat glass, including actors,waste sources, and what can be done with recycled flat glass. In addition, this researchaims to propose a cost structure of a flat glass CLSC. Thus, this thesis’ research questions(RQ) are: RQ1: How can closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) for the purpose of flat glasslook like? RQ1.A: What actors are a part of a flat glass CLSC? RQ1.B: What are thewaste sources of flat glass in a flat glass CLSC? RQ1.C: What are the uses of flat glassas secondary material? RQ2: How can a cost structure for a closed-loop supply chain(CLSC) for the purpose of flat glass look like?  Method: For this purpose of this thesis the researchers chose to employ a pragmatistresearch philosophy. The thesis is an exploratory qualitative study using an abductiveapproach. A case study strategy was used, and data was collected through semi-structuredinterviews and a literature review. Seven interviews were conducted with the six casecompanies. Findings: A flat glass CLSC consists of three phases: manufacture, use, and secondary(raw) material. The main actors are float glass manufacturer, flat glass processor/refiner,flat glass distributor, construction and demolition company, flat glass recycler, and freighthauler. Sub-actors of a flat glass CLSC are raw materials supplier, government, thirdparty contractors, container glass manufacturer, and glass wool manufacturer. Secondarymaterial occurs during flat glass manufacturing, distribution/transport, construction, anddemolition. It can be divided into three types, i.e., pure, high quality cut-offs,contaminated flat glass, and end-of-use flat glass. The possible uses of flat glass assecondary material are float glass, container glass, and glass wool manufacturing. Thecost structure for a flat glass CLSC divides cost elements into the three phases of a flatglass CLSC and six supply chain cost categories, which include manufacturing cost,distribution cost, warehousing cost, administration cost, capital cost, and installation cost. Theoretical Implications: This master’s thesis helps in adding to two research areas: flatglass and CLSC. By reviewing existing literature and conducting the case studies inChina, Germany, and Norway, the researchers can reflect the current practices of flat glassCLSCs in different countries, thereby adding to existing scientific research to close theresearch gap of flat glass CLSCs. Practical Implications: This master’s thesis contributes to practice by providing a flatglass CLSC model and cost structure which can be used as a starting point of developinga flat glass CLSC and its cost structure. In addition, this thesis is connected to anotherbigger research project in collaboration with the Linnaeus University and the city ofVäxjö, the findings from this thesis are beneficial for improving the situation of flat glassin Sweden. Societal Implications: By researching circularity in CDW, this master’s thesis helps notonly the city of Växjö but also other Swedish cities to improve the situation of flat glassand strive towards a full circular economy, further contributing to an increase insustainability in Sweden.

Pigmented structural glass started being produced in the early years of the twentieth century, reached its height in popularity during the 1930's, and was no longer produced by 1960s. Vitrolite was one of the most popular brands of pigmented structural glass, It was first used as a white glass background for decalcomania advertisements and as cladding in areas were sanitation was desired. Several types of applied decoration were developed for Vitrolite that helped to expand it's applications in building beyond sanitary applications. These types of decoration include painted, sand-blasted, inlaid, laminated, agate, and surface textured designs. Decorated Vitrolite was commonly used on store fronts, in signage, and for restaurant interiors and lobbies. All decorated Vitrolite was completed in the Vitrolite factory prior to shipping to customers. The processes of creating the various types of ornamentation, how they developed, and their applications are the focus of this thesis. / Department of Architecture