Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-09-13T21:44:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_George.pdf: 4996097 bytes, checksum: ece2301b72ccb1d9d33a2e2837531079 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-13T21:44:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o_George.pdf: 4996097 bytes, checksum: ece2301b72ccb1d9d33a2e2837531079 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The realization of an accurate diagnosis from histological images requires pathologists with practical experience because the characteristics of these images lead to a subjective analysis, which often hamper the accuracy of diagnosis. Systems that help to achieve better diagnoses can minimize doubts and improve the quality of diagnosis, influencing on increasing the effectiveness of medical treatments. This paper describes the research and development of PathoSpotter, a computer system to aid in the identification of diseases from histological images. The PathoSpotter proposes to reduce the lack of support work to histopathological diagnosis of renal diseases since much has been done in the area of cancer, but there is few published material in relation to the Digital Pathology applied to nephrology and hepatology. Our goal in this study was to apply the PathoSpotter the classification of proliferative glomerulopathy, which is a family of primary diseases affecting the kidneys. The work was based on a data set consisting of 811 histological pictures glomeruli and classical techniques of processing digital images and histopathology were used. The PathoSpotter presented a performance of 88.4% accuracy, which was similar to other Digital Pathology jobs that can be found in the literature. / A realiza??o do diagn?stico preciso a partir de imagens histol?gicas requer m?dicos patologistas com vasta experi?ncia pr?tica, pois as caracter?sticas dessas imagens conduzem a uma an?lise subjetiva que muitas vezes dificultam a exatid?o do diagn?stico. Sistemas que auxiliam a obten??o de melhores diagn?sticos podem minimizar d?vidas e melhorar a qualidade dos diagn?sticos, influenciando no aumento da efic?cia dos tratamentos m?dicos. Este trabalho descreve a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento do PathoSpotter, um sistema computacional para aux?lio na identifica??o de patologias a partir de imagens histol?gicas. O PathoSpotter se prop?e a reduzir a car?ncia de trabalhos de apoio ao diagn?stico histopatol?gico das doen?as renais, j? que muito tem sido feito na ?rea de neoplasias, mas h? pouco material publicado em rela??o ? Patologia Digital aplicada ? nefrologia ou hepatologia. Nosso objetivo neste trabalho foi aplicar o PathoSpotter na classifica??o das glomerulopatias proliferativas, que ? uma fam?lia de doen?as prim?rias que afetam os rins. O trabalho se baseou em um conjunto de dados composto por 811 imagens histol?gicas de glom?rulos, e foram utilizadas t?cnicas cl?ssicas de processamento de imagens e histopatologia digital. O PathoSpotter apresentou um desempenho de 88,4% de acur?cia, resultado similar ao de outros trabalhos de Patologia Digital que podem ser encontrados na literatura especializada.

Normalt sett skyddar komplementsystemet kroppen mot infektioner och patogener. Vid vissa typer av njursjukdomar, framför allt vid C3-glomerulopati, förekommer autoantikroppar som kallas ”nephritic factors” (NeF). Sådana antikroppar stabiliserar enzymkomplex (konvertas) i komplementsystemet, vilket leder till destruktiv komplementaktivering via den alternativa vägen. Syftet med studien var att utveckla minst en metod för att analysera C5NeF på kliniska prover.  C5NeF In-House ELISA analyserade bindning av C5NeF till C5-konvertas. Analys av C5-klyvning i löslig fas kvantifierade mängden C5a som bildats vid stabilisering av C5-konvertas. Cut-off för analyserna bestämdes genom analys av prover från 20 friska blodgivare. Tolv patientprover med möjlig förekomst av C5NeF analyserades. För att utesluta falskt positiv reaktion i C5NeF in-house ELISA analyserades även förekomst av antikroppar mot specifika enskilda komplementproteiner. Åtta patientprover var positiva i C5NeF In-House ELISA, fem patientprover uppvisade positivt resultat för C3NeF, vilket inte var oväntat utifrån tidigare publikationer som visat att det är vanligt att patienter med C5NeF också ofta är positiva för C3NeF. Tre patientprover erhöll positivt resultat i endast C5NeF In-House ELISA och två av dessa var positiva i analys av C5-klyvning i löslig fas. Studien resulterade i etablering av en metod för analys av C5NeF. / Normally the complement system protects the body from infections and pathogens. In certain types of kidney diseases, mainly C3-glomerulopathy, autoantibodies called ”Nephritic Factors” (NeF) are found. NeFs stabilize enzyme complexes (convertases) in the complement system, an event which leads to destructive complement activation via the alternative pathway. The purpose of this study was to develop at least one method to analyse C5NeF on clinical samples.  C5NeF In-House ELISA analysed binding of C5NeF to C5 convertases. Analysis of C5-cleavage in the soluble phase measured the amount of C5a formed when C5-convertase was stabilized. Cut-off for the analyses was determined through analysis of 20 blood donor samples from healthy individuals. Twelve patient samples with possible C5NeF were analysed. To exclude false positive results in C5NeF In-House ELISA analysis of antibodies against specific single complement factors was performed.  Eight patient samples were positive in C5NeF In-House ELISA, five patient samples showed positive result for C3NeF, a finding which was not unexpected as previous publications have shown that concomitant presence of C3NeF and C5NeF is common in C3-glomerulopathy. Where most patients are positive for both C3NeF and C5NeF. Three patient samples received positive result in only C5NeF In-House ELISA and two of these samples were positive in the analysis of C5-cleavage in soluble phase. In conclusion, in this study a method to examine C5NeF was developed.