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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The effects of the Swedish moosemanagement

Kärrman, Victoria January 2019 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects on the Swedish moose populationof a new moose management system introduced in 2012. To this end, the size of thepopulation had to be measured. The methodology used was an empirical version of theGordon–Schaefer bioeconomic model previously employed to estimate Sweden’s wildboar population. The Effort variable for the model was modified in that traffic accidentsrelative to traffic density served as a proxy for it. The study investigated years for whichdata was available, namely 2004–2017. Nineteen out of Sweden’s 21 Counties wereincluded in the study. The result produced extremely high population estimates,suggesting that the model could not be directly transferred from wild boar to moose.Nonetheless, although the study’s population estimates in absolute terms are unrealistic,their relative sizes indicate that moose populations were somewhat smaller in 2017 thanin 2012 – the latter year being when the new management system was introduced.However, the trend line shows that, over a longer period, the moose population hasincreased in Sweden, and 2017 may just be a temporary deviation from that trend. Itappears, therefore, that Sweden’s latest moose management system does not have thedesired effect on its moose population.
2

Surexploitation des ressources halieutiques : habitat, récifs artificiels et apprentissage / Overexploitation of marine resources : habitat, artificial reefs and learning

Udumyan, Narine 26 March 2012 (has links)
Cette thèse a pour thème central l'étude de deux problèmes soulevés dans les pêcheries modernes, la dégradation des habitats et le manque d'informations, qui comptent parmi les causes les importantes de la surexploitation des ressources halieutiques. Les deux premiers chapitres sont consacrés à l'examen du problème de la dégradation des habitats marins liée notamment aux activités de pêche destructrices. Le modèle de Gordon-Schaefer est prolongé afin de tenir compte de l'impact négatif de la pêche sur les habitats. Les conséquences pour la gestion sont analysées et l'importance de la prise en compte des habitats dans le développement des programmes de gestion des ressources halieutiques est mise en évidence. Le modèle élaboré est ensuite utilisé pour évaluer les bénéfices économiques des récifs artificiels, un outil de gestion auquel font de plus en plus appel les gestionnaires des pêcheries artisanales pour répondre à la dégradation des habitats. Enfin, dans le troisième chapitre, le rôle de l'information pour une pêche durable est examiné lorsque la ressource est en accès libre. Si, dans les deux premiers chapitres, il est supposé que les informations complètes sont disponibles pour l'élaboration des recommandations de gestion, dans la dernière étude, la décision concernant l'exploitation des ressources halieutiques est prise dans un contexte où aucune information sur la ressource n'est accessible. Cette décision est prise individuellement par chaque pêcheur qui opère dans la pêcherie. En développant un modèle multi-agents, nous montrons l'impact de l'apprentissage des pêcheurs sur la dynamique globale du système halieutique. / This thesis focuses on two main problems posed in contemporary fisheries: habitat degradation and lack of information. They count among the most important causes of the overexploitation of marine resources. The first two chapters aim at examining the habitat degradation that is linked to destructive fishing activities. The Gordon-Schaefer model is extended to take account of the negative impact of fishing on the habitats. The consequences for fisheries management are analyzed and the importance of taking into account habitats in the development of fisheries management programs is highlighted. Then the extended model is used to evaluate the economic benefits of artificial reefs, a management tool to which frequently resort the managers of small-scale fisheries to mitigate the effects of habitat degradation. Finally, in the third chapter the role of information for sustainable fisheries is examined under open access. If in the first two chapters it is assumed that there is complete information, in the last study this assumption is relaxed - no information on the resource is known. The decision concerning the exploitation of marine resources is made individually by each fisherman that operates in the fishery. By developing an agent-based model, we show the impact of individual learning on the global dynamics of the system.

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