Orientador: Lea Maria Leme Strini Velho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T20:01:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ramos.MilenaYumi_D.pdf: 3229111 bytes, checksum: 8cb6ebd43bb24cd6a7b29bef38e11524 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Esta tese explora a(s) interpretação(ões) e a(s) abordagem(ns) que o Brasil - em nível governamental e institucional - tem adotado, a partir de meados de 1990, quanto aos processos de mobilidade, colaboração e internacionalização do ensino superior e da pesquisa e seu rebatimento na formação de doutores no contexto da economia do conhecimento. Para isso, analisa: (i) as evidências e argumentos que suportam o foco recente da política brasileira de formação doutoral; (ii) as visões, estratégias e condições dos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros de excelência quanto à internacionalização do ensino superior e da pesquisa; e (iii) o perfil dos doutores formados no Brasil, em termos de competências e habilidades, vis-à-vis aquele buscado pelos principais empregadores na atualidade. Constatou-se que o país tem enviado cada vez menos estudantes de doutorado ao exterior para formação plena. Em contrapartida, a formação em instituições nacionais, complementada por estágios de pesquisa no exterior (na forma de períodos sanduíche ou pós-doutorados), tornou-se a forma preferencial de treinamento avançado. Entre os programas de pós-graduação que atingiram excelência internacional, de acordo com critérios da Capes, uma concepção de internacionalização orientada a atividades é predominante: a mobilidade internacional é entendida como o principal mecanismo para impulsionar o intercâmbio científico e a colaboração em pesquisa, contribuindo para expandir seu perfil e impacto internacional. Essa visão é realizada por meio de um modelo ainda fortemente baseado numa "abordagem para o exterior", na qual a pesquisa está claramente no centro do processo de internacionalização. Embora incipientes, iniciativas de atração de acadêmicos estrangeiros e esforços de "internacionalização em casa" começam a ganhar espaço. Em geral, a presença de docentes com formação, experiência e interesse internacional que conseguem mobilizar suas redes internacionais para estabelecer intercâmbio científico e colaborações em pesquisa é apontada como condição chave para a internacionalização. Porém, a ausência de uma estratégia nacional, a falta de sistemas administrativos eficientes, de políticas institucionais e de gestão profissional nas instituições obstaculizam o desenvolvimento dessas conexões em laços de cooperação mais significativos e sustentados. O movimento de diversificação da formação de doutores ainda não encontrou espaço no país. O modelo vigente, único, focado na carreira e no desempenho acadêmico, está assentado em uma visão quantificada de qualidade da ciência. Tal modelo não estimula o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades compatíveis com os requisitos da ciência contemporânea e dos principais empregadores de doutores na atualidade / Abstract: This PhD thesis explores interpretation(s) and approach(es) that Brazil - in the governmental and institutional levels - has adopted, from the 1990s, relative to the processes of mobility, collaboration and internationalization of higher education and research and their impact on the doctoral training in the context of the knowledge economy. In so doing, it analyses: (i) evidence and arguments supporting the recent focus of the doctoral training policy in Brazil; (ii) the visions, strategies and conditions of Brazilian graduate programs of excellence with regard to internationalization of higher education and research; and (iii) the profile of doctorate holders trained in Brazil, in terms of competences and skills, vis-à-vis those sought by major employers currently. It was found that the country has increasingly sent fewer students to pursue doctoral training abroad. On the other hand, doctoral training in national institutions, complemented by research internships abroad (as visiting PhD students or post-doctoral researchers), became the preferred form of advanced training. Among the graduate programs that have attained international excellence, according to Capes, an activity-oriented conception of internationalization is predominant: international mobility is seen as the main mechanism to boost scientific exchanges and research collaboration, thus strengthening the programs¿ international profile and impact. This view is realized by means of a model still heavily based on an "abroad approach", in which research is clearly at the center of the internationalization process. Although incipient, initiatives to attract foreign scholars and efforts towards "internationalization at home" are gaining momentum. In general, the presence of faculty members trained abroad, with international experience and interest who can mobilize their international networks to establish scientific exchanges and research collaborations is considered a key condition for internationalization. However, the absence of a national strategy, the lack of efficient administrative systems, institutional policies and professional management in most of Brazilian institutions hamper the development of those connections into more meaningful and sustained cooperation. The diversification of doctoral training models has not found space in the country. The only current model, focused on academic career and performance, is based on a quantified vision of quality in science. This study clearly shows that such model does not stimulate the development of a set of competences and skills compatible with the requirements of contemporary science and of the main employers of doctorate holders currently / Doutorado / Politica Cientifica e Tecnologica / Doutora em Política Científica e Tecnológica

Electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) are an evolving genre of graduate student research that is gaining widespread acceptance among universities in the international community. ETDs are also beginning to diffuse slowly among American universities; however, a number of issues continue to work against more rapid adoption among intitutions in the United States. This dissertation examines ETDs as an evolving electronic research genre by (1) historicizing the situated development of its predecessor, the traditional print dissertation, in nineteenth century German and American Universities; (2) reporting on the current state of the Networked Digital Library of Electronic Theses and Dissertations, an initiative of Virginia Polytechnic University; (3) analyzing ETDs as a technological innovation undergoing the diffusion process according to Emmet Roger's Diffusion of Innovation Theory; and (4) presenting the results of an ETD pilot project case study carried out at the University of South Florida.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether program chairs in interior design have a preferred degree credential for candidates seeking a full-time, tenure-track position or other full-time position at their institution and to determine if there is a correlation between this preference and the program chair’s university’s demographics, their own credentials, or their acceptance of an online terminal degree. Data were collected for the 2 research questions using a quantitative survey instrument. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the dependent variable, the Hiring Perception Scale and the independent variables, characteristics of the program. Multiple regression analysis was also used to analyze the relationship between the dependent variable, the Hiring Perception Scale and the independent variables, the program chair’s credentials. The survey instrument was a selfministered online questionnaire divided into 5 sections. Some of the demographic categories utilized in the survey instrument were developed by the Interior Design Educators Council (2008) in their member survey. Other questions were designed based on questions used on a survey by Adams and DeFleur (2005). Their survey examined the acceptability of doctoral degrees earned online as credential for obtaining a faculty position. The group of participants for the survey was composed of interior design-program chairs in interior design programs accredited by the Council for Interior Design Accreditation. The results from analyses appeared to show only institution type, “Public” and land-grant status predicted hiring perceptions. The five variables that were related to individual characteristics of the program chair did not predict hiring perceptions. This study has provided the preferred degree preference by interior design chairs for full-time positions. Findings revealed acceptance of online terminal degrees and the most-valued credentials preferred by interior design chairs.

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Yes / Whilst there is increasing demand on radiology services in the UK, pressures are restricting the expansion of the multi-professional workforce. A pilot academy for radiography reporting was established to augment the traditional university and clinical education in a simulated environment using focussed teaching and real image worklists in a dedicated environment away from departments. Methods: Located at a facility to replicate the clinical reporting environment, the emphasis of the nine-month pilot was to provide extensive ‘hands-on’ training to eight trainees. Evaluation of the academy was undertaken through focus groups, telephone interviews, and online surveys to consider the experiences of the trainees and their managers and mentors. Results: There was overwhelming support for the academy from trainees, mentors, and managers. Key benefits included relieving pressures on department and mentors; providing an intense, structured, and safe environment to learn; and, perhaps most importantly, an extensive and cohesive peer-support network. Issues identified included conflict within departments due to differences in reporting style and the need for greater collaboration between the university, academy, and departments. Conclusion: The use of simulation in education is widely researched, however, there are a number of key factors that need to be considered when implementing it into practise. Peer-support and reflection is seen as essential for its success. Extensive dedicated time to focus on reporting alongside peers can support the development of these skills away from the clinical environment and as such can reduce pressure on service delivery and positively influence learner outcomes. / The pilot academy received funding from the NHS Vanguard scheme (Working Together NHS Vanguard) for purchase of equipment and the salaries of the clinical educator (pro-rata). The university fees and backfill payments were funded by Health Education England.

Development of appropriate educational structures for industrial graduate students is becoming increasingly important, as industry's demand for graduate-educated employees increases. In the past few years, a special investment has been made in industrial graduate schools, with the aim ofbringing graduate education and industry together, and increasing industry's access to doctoral graduates. In this study, we followed a group of doctoral students in the Graduate School for Applied IT and Software Engineering, in order to document their experiences and identify problems and factors relevant to their progress in graduate education and in industry. In an extensive interview study, twenty-three graduate students present their situation and experience of graduate education, conducted partly through placement in a company. In a stepwise analysis of the material, diff erent environmental factors are identi:fied, that can be related to a structured interpretation of their experience, dependent on the nature of their industrial environment. The result is related to earlier research on traditional graduate education and supervision. Questions elucidated in the material and analysis include the graduate students' experience oftheir situation, how they handle the responsibility for their education, which people they experience as most signi:ficant, what in±luence their company has exercised over their subject choice and publication and how the acadernic environment interacts with the company environment. The study provides a comprehensive survey of a so-far fairly unknown educational situation characterized by great variation in study conditions, and presents a model for analysis of the graduate educational prodess for industrial doctoral students.

This research explores the meaning of learning as a process of social participation in clinical practice. The study focused on six first‐year student physiotherapists during a period of early clinical experience on a work integrated learning programme. The programme was unique at the time of the study in that it placed students in clinical settings from the first week of their undergraduate experience. The research applied a case study design and qualitative data were gathered from each student via on‐line learning journals, reflection lines and pre/post experience interviews. Data were analysed, between and within cases, to develop a sense of progressive narrative through the experiences made significant by each participant over the course of the clinical experience. An abductive logic was applied to develop a more theoretical explanation of learning as participation in clinical practice for each participant. The study concludes that these individuals adopted an agentic approach and recognised the benefit to their learning of proactively seeking opportunities to get involved in practice. Interaction with a range of co‐participants was valued, for a variety of reasons. Students were more willing to discuss their own deficits and ask questions of junior clinicians. Interactions with senior clinicians were more likely to challenge and extend the students' practice. Interactions with non‐physiotherapy colleagues in the multidisciplinary team were valued for the different perspectives they offered. Students valued participation in situations where they could assume greater responsibility, as long as their efforts were recognised by the clinical educator. Participants did not always see value in “routine” practice where there was little opportunity to be involved in decision making or discussion, describing their involvement as being “an extra pair of hands”. Participants described their performance of secondary Discourses of practice in the construction of their respective identities, which I describe as productive worker, trustworthy student, engaged student and junior professional. These Discourses supported participants' bids for recognition and progressive involvement in communities of clinical practice. However, where the participant identity was associated too strongly with a particular Discourse the educator could restrict access to learning opportunities. Participants dis‐identified themselves from Discourses that conflicted with individual habitus and conveyed lack of care or unethical behaviour. Where power relations challenged the possibility of overt rejection, participants were strategic and excluded these Discourses from their future, rather than current repertoires. At the start of their early clinical experience, participants expressed a desire to “learn by doing” and “learn on the job”. These cases demonstrate that even at an early stage of experience, participants were contributing to the productivity of the workplace and they felt valued when their contributions were recognised. These cases demonstrate that mutual relations support participation but require ongoing negotiation. Considering mutuality as a mechanism for participation in early clinical experience can support analysis of the ways in which social relations support both learning and work objectives. Mutuality as a mechanism for participation requires the learner and educator to recognise these dual objectives. Changing conditions of practice can threaten mutuality. Where a threat occurs, it is countered by adaptive practices that continue to support mutuality in terms of engagement, repertoire and enterprise with the community of clinical practice.