Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T13:27:26Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) filipe_ton_fialho.pdf: 584567 bytes, checksum: c709d14f5ea8f5fe36206a752e8381b4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-12T13:28:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) filipe_ton_fialho.pdf: 584567 bytes, checksum: c709d14f5ea8f5fe36206a752e8381b4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-12T13:28:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 22974 bytes, checksum: 99c771d9f0b9c46790009b9874d49253 (MD5) filipe_ton_fialho.pdf: 584567 bytes, checksum: c709d14f5ea8f5fe36206a752e8381b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Foi realizado estudo na Fazenda Experimental Risoleta Neves, utilizada pelo conv?nio UFSJ/EPAMIG, para avaliar as caracter?sticas bromatol?gicas de silagens de capim-momba?a acrescidos em n?veis crescentes de res?duo de soja (0, 5, 10, 15 e 20% de res?duo), com a utiliza??o ou n?o de inoculante, e a cin?tica de degrada??o e tr?nsito de part?culas de quatro n?veis de inclus?o do res?duo (0, 10, 15 e 20%). As silagens produzidas foram analisadas quanto ? mat?ria-seca, prote?na bruta pH, fibra insol?vel em detergente neutro e fibra insol?vel em detergente ?cido Para o estudo de cin?tica de tr?nsito e degrada??o foram utilizados quatro animais fistulados no r?men, com peso m?dio de 470 kg, em um quadrado latino (4x4). No estudo da cin?tica de tr?nsito, a fibra em detergente neutro das silagens foi marcada com dicromato de pot?ssio, incubada no r?men, e depois realizou-se amostragens de fezes coletadas direto no reto dos animais, com tempos pr?-determinados. Para o estudo da degrada??o das silagens, as mesmas foram mo?das em peneiras de 5mm, incubadas no r?men nos tempos 0, 6, 18, 48 e 96 horas, em saquinhos de n?ilon. O efeito do res?duo de soja sobre as qualidades nutricionais das silagens foi positivo, mas o efeito do inoculante foi nulo quando n?o houve a inclus?o do res?duo. N?o ? recomendada a adi??o do res?duo de soja em n?veis acima de 10%, pois a partir desta quantidade os padr?es de digest?o e passagem da fibra no r?men-ret?culo s?o prejudicados, e podem ocorrer altera??es no ambiente ruminal que poder?o afetar o aproveitamento da silagem. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT A study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Risoleta Neves ( FERN ) used by the agreement UFSJ/EPAMIG to assess the qualitative characteristics of silage of Mombasa increased with increasing levels of soybean residue ( 0 , 5 , 10 , 15 and 20 % of waste ) , with or without the use of inoculants and the kinetics of degradation and passage of particles of four levels of inclusion of the residue ( 0, 10 , 15 and 20 %). The silages were analyzed for dry - matter ( DM), crude protein (CP ), pH, neutral detergent fiber ( NDF) and acid detergent fiber ( ADF) . To study the kinetics and degradation transit four animals were cannulated in the rumen, with an average weight of 470 kg in a Latin square ( 4x4 ) . In the study of the kinetics of transit fiber silages was labeled with potassium dichromate, incubated in the fistula, and then by performing direct sampling collected stool in the rectum of animals with predetermined times. To study the degradation of silages, they were ground in 5 mm sieve, incubated in the rumen at 0, 6, 18, 48 and 96 hours in nylon bags. The effect of soybean residue on the nutritional quality of the silage was good, but the effect of inoculant is null when no inclusion of residue. It is recommended the addition of soybean residue at levels above 10 %, because this quantity from the patterns of digestion and passage of fiber in the rumen - reticulum are harmed, and changes in the rumen environment that will affect the use of silage can occur.

Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work was carried out in the county of Valen?a - RJ, with the objective to evaluate production and quality of the stargrass, in function of: two irrigation levels (with and without); four cut intervals (21, 28, 35 and 42 at the rainy season and 28, 35, 42 and 49 days at the dry season of the year); as well as four levels of nitrogen (0, 150, 300 e 600 kg/ha/year). The dry matter production (DMP) and the efficiency of the nitrogen utilization (ENU) in plots of 6,25 m2, were estimated from October 2004 to October 2005. In the months of January, June/July and September/October samples were collected to determine chemical composition and digestibility such as: crude protein (CP), neutral-detergent fiber (NDF) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). The Irrigation when increased DMP and ENU, reduced the forrage quality and only had significative effect (P<0,05) during the rainy season. The harvest intervals does not affected (P>0,05) on DMP. However, there was tendency to increase. Harvest intervals should be 42/49 days to obtain good forage quality and yield. The chemical composition and digestibility of the dry matter decreased with the spacing of the cuts and the effect of the interval of cuts on ENU was dependent of the irrigation. At that time it dries the irrigated treatments had her ENU increased with the decrease of the frequency of the cut. The nitrogen fertilization was the only factor that increased (P<0,05) DMP and the quality of the stargrass. However, the answer of DMP to the nitrogen fertilization was reduced and ENU was not affected in function of the nitrogen levels. In the conditions of experiment was realized, it is approved as the most appropriate handling of the studied factors: The interval of cuts of 42/49 days, that formed an alliance high yield with a satisfactory quality and the irrigation, only accomplished in favorable climatic conditions. / Este trabalho foi conduzido no munic?pio de Valen?a - RJ, com o objetivo de avaliar a produ??o e a qualidade do capim-estrela, em fun??o de: dois regimes h?dricos (irrigado e n?o-irrigado); quatro intervalos de cortes (21, 28, 35 e 42 na ?poca chuvosa e 28, 35, 42 e 49 dias na ?poca seca do ano); e quatro doses de nitrog?nio (0, 150, 300 e 600 kg/ha/ano). Durante o per?odo de outubro de 2004 a outubro de 2005, foram estimadas a produ??o de mat?ria seca (PMS) e a efici?ncia da aduba??o nitrogenada (EAN) em parcelas de 6,25 m2. Nos meses de janeiro, junho/julho e setembro/outubro coletaram-se amostras para a estimativa do valor nutritivo e digestibilidade, determinando a prote?na bruta (PB), a fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e a digestibilidade in vitro da mat?ria seca (DIVMS). Os resultados mostraram que a irriga??o aumentou a PMS e a EAN, reduziu o valor nutritivo e DIV da mat?ria seca. Entretanto somente houve resposta (P<0,05) ao regime h?drico apenas quando as condi??es clim?ticas n?o foram limitantes ao crescimento da forrageira. O intervalo de cortes n?o alterou (P>0,05) a PMS, embora tenha sido observada a tend?ncia de incremento da mesma em fun??o da diminui??o da freq??ncia de cortes, sendo a maior produ??o obtida nos tratamentos 42/49 dias. A qualidade da forrageira diminuiu com o espa?amento dos cortes e o efeito do intervalo de cortes sobre a EAN foi dependente da irriga??o. Na ?poca seca do ano os tratamentos irrigados tiveram sua EAN aumentada com a diminui??o da freq??ncia do corte. A aduba??o nitrogenada foi o ?nico fator que aumentou (P<0,05), simultaneamente, a PMS e a qualidade do capim-estrela. No entanto, a resposta da PMS ? aduba??o nitrogenada foi pequena e a EAN n?o foi alterada (P>0,05) em fun??o das doses de nitrog?nio. Nas condi??es experimentais, preconiza-se como o manejo mais adequado: o intervalo de cortes de 42/49 dias, que aliou rendimentos elevados a uma qualidade satisfat?ria; e a irriga??o deve ser usada apenas quando as condi??es clim?ticas s?o favor?veis.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CynthiaGFA_DISSERT.pdf: 579676 bytes, checksum: a64cd9a0438cbc31d01a8c8988a7d1bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of housing and the physical and chemical characteristics of meat from sheep raised on pasture Brachiaria brizantha and Panicum maximum. The experiment was conducted in the physical area of the Study Group on Forage (GEFOR), located in the Academic Unit Specialized in Agricultural Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN in Maca?ba, RN, Brazil. We used 32 lambs SPRD, obtained from herds in the state, with liveweight (LW) of 24.5 kg were assigned randomly to four treatments consisting of tropical grasses, two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha, Marandu and Piat?, and two of Panicum maximum, Aruana and Massai. The experimental area was 2.88 ha, divided into 4 paddocks of 0.72 ha, where each picket consisted of a farm and was divided into six plots of 0.12 ha, where the animals remained under rotational grazing. The period of adaptation to the pickets was seven days. At the beginning of the experiment the animals were weighed, identified with plastic earrings and necklaces colored according to the treatment, and treated against. The lambs were loose in the paddock at 8 am and collected at 16 hours, which returned to collective pens. During the time of grazing animals had free access to mineral supplement with monensin Ovinof?s ? and water. Before entering the paddocks of pasture were sampled to characterize the chemical composition. Every seven days occurred at weighing, with fasting, to monitor the weight development. Cultivars Marandu, Aruana, Piat? and Massai were grazed for 133, 129, 143 and 142 days, respectively, until the lambs reach slaughter weight. Arriving at 32 kg lambs were evaluated subjectively for body condition score by, passed through fasting period, diet and water for 16 hours were slaughtered. Measurements were made in the inner and outer casings in addition to subjective evaluations regarding muscling, finish and quantity of pelvic-renal fat, then each was divided longitudinally into two half-carcases and cuts were made in the commercial left half, and after heavy calculated their income. Between the 12th and 13th thoracic vertebrae, was performed a cut to expose the cross section of the Longissimus dorsi, which was drawn on the rib eye area (REA) in transparent film. Fat thickness and extent of AOL GR were determined using a caliper. A tissue composition was determined by dissection of the legs. Analyzes were performed physical (color, cooking loss and shear force) and chemical composition of meat (moisture, ash, protein and lipids) in Longissimus dorsi muscle. Grazing tropical grass Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu and Piat? and Panicum maximum cvs. Aruana and Massai can be used for lambs SRPD in the rainy season, because not alter the physico-chemical and chemical composition of meat / Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a qualidade da carca?a e das caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas da carne de ovinos criados em pasto de Brachiaria brizantha e Panicum maximum. O experimento foi conduzido na ?rea f?sica do Grupo de Estudos em Forragicultura (GEFOR), situado na Unidade Acad?mica Especializada em Ci?ncias Agr?rias Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, em Maca?ba, RN. Foram utilizados 32 cordeiros SPRD, obtidos de rebanhos do Estado, com peso vivo (PV) m?dio de 24,5kg, distribu?dos aleatoriamente em quatro tratamentos constitu?dos por gram?neas tropicais, sendo duas cultivares de Brachiaria brizantha, Marandu e Piat?; e duas de Panicum maximum, Aruana e Massai. A ?rea experimental tinha 2,88 ha, dividida em 4 piquetes de 0,72 ha, onde cada piquete consistia de uma cultivar e era dividido em 6 parcelas de 0,12 ha, onde os animais permaneciam sob pastejo rotacionado. O per?odo de adapta??o aos piquetes foi de sete dias. No in?cio do experimento os animais foram pesados, identificados com brincos pl?sticos e colares coloridos de acordo com o tratamento, e tratados contra endoparasitas. Os cordeiros eram soltos nos piquetes ?s 8 horas e recolhidos ?s 16 horas, onde retornavam ?s baias coletivas. Durante o tempo de pastejo os animais tinham livre acesso ao suplemento mineral Ovinof?s? com monensina e ?gua. Antes de entrarem nos piquetes eram colhidas amostras do pasto para caracteriza??o da composi??o qu?mica. A cada sete dias ocorriam ?s pesagens, com jejum pr?vio, para o acompanhamento do desenvolvimento ponderal. As cultivares Marandu, Aruana, Piat? e Massai foram pastejadas durante 133, 129, 143 e 142 dias, respectivamente, at? os cordeiros atingirem o peso de abate. Ao chegarem aos 32 kg os cordeiros foram avaliados subjetivamente quanto a condi??o corporal por meio escores, passaram por jejum de s?lidos, dieta h?drica durante 16 horas e foram abatidos. Foram feitas mensura??es internas e externas nas carca?as al?m de avalia??es subjetivas quanto ? musculosidade, acabamento e quantidade de gordura p?lvico-renal, depois cada uma foi dividida longitudinalmente em duas meias carca?as e foram feitos os cortes comerciais na meia carca?a esquerda, logo ap?s pesados e calculados seus rendimentos. Entre a 12? e a 13? v?rtebras tor?cicas, foi realizado um corte para expor a sec??o transversal do m?sculo Longissimus dorsi, sobre o qual foi tra?ada a ?rea de olho do lombo (AOL) em pel?cula transparente. A espessura de gordura da AOL e a medida GR foram determinadas utilizando-se de paqu?metro. A composi??o tecidual foi determinada atrav?s da disseca??o das pernas. Foram feitas as an?lises f?sicas (cor, perdas por coc??o e for?a de cisalhamento) e a composi??o centesimal da carne (umidade, cinzas, prote?na e lip?dios) no m?sculo Longissimus dorsi. Pastagem de gram?neas tropicais de Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu e Piat? e de Panicum maximum cvs. Aruana e Massai podem ser utilizadas para cordeiros SRPD na ?poca chuvosa, pois n?o alteraram as caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas e composi??o centesimal da carne