Galingumas yra ryšys tarp jėgos ir greičio. Galingumo ugdymo pratimai skirti skatinti neuroraumenų sistemą, kad per trumpą laiko tarpą raumuo spėtų išsitempti (ekscentrinis susitraukimas) ir susitraukti (koncentrinis susitraukimas) (Foran, Pound, 2007). Galingumui reikalinga maksimalioji jėga ir didelis judesio greitis (Табачник, 1988; Matthew et al., 2011). Wilson G.J. su bendraautoriais (1993) nustatė, kad galingumas po jėgos treniruočių pagerėjo 5 %; po pliometrijos treniruočių – 10 %; po balistinių (greitumo jėgos) pratimų – 18 %. Tiriant tokias sporto šakas kaip krepšinis ir tinklinis buvo pastebėtos svarbios sąsajos tarp didžiausios jėgos ir didžiausio galingumo (Peterson et al., 2006). Vyksta dideli ginčai dėl to, kuri iš šių savybių turėtų būti svarbiausia treniruočių metu, siekiant išvystyti didžiausią galingumą (Haff et al., 2012). Darbo objektas - skirtingos griaučių raumenų adaptacijos įtaka galingumui. Keliame hipotezę, kad adaptuoti jėgos fiziniams krūviams tiriamieji greičiau bėgs 30 m distancijos pradžią, o adaptuoti maksimaliajam bėgimo greičiui – greičiau bėgs nuotolio pabaigoje. Tikslas — nustatyti skirtingos griaučių raumenų adaptacijos įtaką galingumui. Uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti skirtingos griaučių raumenų adaptacijos įtaką maksimaliai valingai kojų raumenų, santykinei jėgai bei greitumui. 2. Nustatyti 30 m bėgimo rezultatus, 10 m bėgimo atkarpose, priklausomai nuo griaučių raumenų adaptacijos skirtingoms fizinėms ypatybėms. Tyrimo metodai: 1)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Power is the relationship between force and velocity. Power exercise are made to promote neuromuscular system in a short period of time to make a meaningful muscle stretch (eccentric contraction), and to contract (concentric contraction) (Foran, Pound, 2007). Maximal strength and high speed of motion are necessary for peak power (Tabačnik, 1988; Matthew et al., 2011). Wilson G.J. with co-authors (1993) found the improvement of power after strength training - 5%, after plyometric training - 10%, and after balistic (speed - strength) training - 18%. Investigating such sports as basketball and volleyball it was observed significant correlation between the maximum force and maximum power evelopment (Peterson et al., 2006). There are undergoing some controversy research as to which of these properties should be the most important during training to develop maximum power (Haff et al., 2012). The object of the study - the influence of different skeletal muscle adaptations on muscular power. Hypothesis: subjects having a larger MVC will run faster 30 m distance field, and having a higher maximal running speed - will run faster at the end of range. The aim of this study: to determine the influence of different skeletal muscle adaptations on muscular power. Objectives: 1. To determine the influence of different skeletal muscle adaptations on maximum voluntary strength of leg muscles, the relative strength and quickness. 2. To determine the influence of different skeletal muscle... [to full text]

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of heat and cold on the characteristics of skeleton muscles. 24 persons of different age and attitude to sport, men and women, have been examined (12 - using passive heating, 12 - using passive cooling). The rates of vertical jumps were registered (force, power, speed, height of jumps). The rates have been registered before and after cooling and heating procedures. Jumps with and without springing squats with angles of 90 and 135 degrees have been made. After the parameters were recorded, leg mucles were heated in 44 degrees water for 45 minutes or cooled two times in 15 degrees water for 15 minutes with 10 minutes break. Obtained results showed, that the contractile features of sceleton muscles after heating changed differently, the significant improvement of power of muscles was observed, the force of the contraction was stable. After reducing temperature the features of skeletal muscles (force, power, speed) have notably deteriorated. Slow muscle fibres showed greater response to the heating. The increment of power has been noticed. Faster and slower muscle fibres reacted equally to the cooling contraction speed and power have greatly reduced. The usage of elastic energy have not changed either at lower or higher temperatures. When applying physiotherapy means, such as heating or cooling, one has to take into account the dependence of contractile properties of the muscle on the temperature.