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A method for measurement of crystallization induction time periods using a spectrophotometer is described. The turbidity of lysozyme solutions at sodium chloride concentrations of 0%, 3%, 6%, 9% (w/v) in 0.1 M NaAc (pH 4.0) and a lysozyme concentration of 10mg/ml was monitored at 350nm and showed a dramatic increase after nucleation occurred. Heterogeneous sources of nucleation were removed via filtration with 100,000 and 500,000 MWCO filters. Larger pore size, 0.2μm, filters were not able to remove these particles. The non-filtered and 0.2μm filtered had the same turbidity profiles except that the 0.2μm filtered had an induction time of 152min compared with the 119min induction time for the non-filtered solution. The 500,000 MWCO filter had a significant reduction in the formation of prenucleation aggregates and the induction time increased from 119min for non-filtered to 178min for the 500,000 MWCO filtered. Also, when the 100,000 MWCO filter was used there was no nucleation or crystallization over the 240min time frame. The increase in turbidity was attributed to an increase in particle size and not to bacterial growth because the solutions were found to be free of bacteria or fungi by microbiological analysis. Results from hanging drop vapor diffusion crystallization on the same solutions used in the turbidity study indicate that the sources removed by filtration lead to nucleation. Finally, sodium azide was added to the solutions at a concentrations of 0.17% (w/w) and was found to interfere with or delay lysozyme nucleation.

No / This paper reports on the growth of benzamide crystals in the presence of 2'-aminoacetophenone. The resulting self-replicating intergrowth of benzamide crystals gives rise to ordered crystal aggregates in which individuals share a common c*. This behavior is interpreted using the concept of a motif capper additive which is able to halt the extension of structural motifs at the surface of a growing crystal. In this case the additive was selected to terminate the hydrogen-bonding ribbons, which extend along the b axis of the benzamide structure.