Zugl.: Habil.-Schr. Bern, 1955. / SA aus: Monatsschrift für Psychiatrie und Neurologie. - Vol.130, No.1(1955), S.1-85.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-72).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1982. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-99).

No description available.

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Proefschrift Universiteit van Amsterdam. / Auteursnaam op omslag: Frank P.M. Kruijver. Met bibliogr., lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

The lateral hypothalamus (LH) has been shown to be involved in consummatory behaviour by a number of different experimental techniques including behavioural and electrophysiological methods. Lesion studies indicate that loss of the LH does not significantly alter normal feeding and drinking in the home cage, responding to food and water deprivation or responding to glucose or salt adulteration of the diet. However, when injected with dehydrating, dipsogenic or glucoprivic agents, the so called needle challenges, LH lesioned rats failed to respond as sham lesioned rats. This is despite the fact that the injections described induced the same deficits in homeostasis as food and water deprivation. Both sets of challenges are cued by internal visceral signals but only deprivation has additional environmental cues; animals are aware that their food or water are missing and may even anticipate its return. These different types of cues may be conveyed by different neural pathways and it has been proposed that lesioning the LH removes a pathway whereby visceral signals reach higher neural structures thus accounting for why LH lesioned rats responded appropriately to deprivation but not needle challenges. The present study examined the hypothesis that the LH acts as a gateway for signals concerning internal state to reach structures involved in behavioural planning and action. This was tested by the use of tests known to be susceptible to damage or change in the paraventricular system, responsible for monitoring the internal milieu, and frontostriatal systems responsible for behavioural planning and execution. The functions known to be dependent on the paraventricular system which were tested were conditioned taste aversion, benzodiazepine induced hyperphagia and taste perception but no deficits were found in responding in any of these procedures as a result of lesioning the LH. The functions known to be dependent on frontostriatal systems that were examined with LH lesioned rats were conditioned reinforcement and conditioned place preference but again few deficits were found. Hence, the present study failed to provide evidence to substantiate the hypothesis that the LH stands as an interface between the paraventricular system and frontostriatal systems. However, it did provide evidence that lesioning the LH induces deficits in consummatory responses dependent on the circumstances of the tests.

The lateral hypothalamic syndrome of aphagia, adipsia akinesia and sensorimotor impairments induced by electrolytic lesions of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) has been suggested to be due to the destruction of two components of a single system controlling feeding and drinking behaviour. While the "motor" component has been attributed to disruption of dopaminergic fibres, it has been suggested that destruction of intrinsic LH neurones induces a "motivational" deficit. The nature of this motivational deficit was investigated using the excitotoxin N-methyl-d~aspartic acid (NMDA) to lesion cell bodies and leave fibres of passage intact. Such lesions induced temporary reductions in body weight, food and water intake and residual deficits in response to some physiological challenges. Most animals recovered food and water intake and body weight gain after a short period of time. It was shown that LH lesioned rats were able to perceive and respond to the palatability of food/fluid; they responded physiologically to intracellular dehydration caused by hypertonic saline injections, although they did not respond behaviourally; they responded as controls to a battery of long-term, "positive" physiological challenges, but not to short-term, "negative" ones; and they displayed increased rate of development of schedule-induced polydipsia and tail pinch-induced eating, demonstrating that they had no motor impairments and that they did not have an "activational" deficit. These results indicate that the LH cannot be regarded as a feeding or drinking "centre" and that the motivational deficit following lesions of the LH is of a very complex nature. The implications of these data for the function of the LH are discussed in relation to electrophysiological and anatomical studies.

Mongolian Gerbils with lesions in the ventromedial hypothalamus show two major similarities with rats lesioned in the same area: an unusually long meal soon after surgery (acute dynamic period), and changes in day-night feeding patterns (chronic dynamic period). They do not share the hypoactive and ragic behavior of the ventromedial hypothalamically-lesioned rat. Tests and observations showed little or no difference between the general demeanor of lesioned and normal animals.