This paper argues that George Habash, founder of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), embodied and expressed a distinctly new style of politics with the Palestinian context. I argue that Habash, unlike both his political antecedents during Mandate Palestine and his contemporaries in the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) practiced a style of politics that was distinctly uncompromising towards ideological opponents, hostile to traditional structures of patrician leadership in Palestine, and aggressively confrontational in most situations. The time-span of this analysis begins in Chapter One in late Ottoman Palestine, where I appropriate and modify Albert Hourani’s thesis of the “politics of the notables” as a way of framing the relationships between different hierarchically segmented actors in Palestinian society from the Ottoman era up until the end of the British Mandate and the formation of Israel in 1948. Chapter 2 analyzes Habash’s entrance into the broader Arab political arena after the Palestinian exile, focusing on his involvement in and leadership of the Arab Nationalist Movement (ANM) and his patronage relationship with Gamal Abdel Nasir. Chapter Three transitions into the post-1967 war era, where I argue that Habash’s political philosophy, influence and confrontational praxis reached its zenith with the formation of the PFLP. The Conclusion briefly addresses his posthumous influence in contemporary Palestinian politics and the ways that different observers eulogize or criticize his legacy. / text

La thèse traite de la théorie des éclipses solaires dans la tradition astronomique islamique à travers les contributions de cinq astronomes des pays d’Islam : Yahya Ibn Abi Mansur (IXe s.), al-Khwarizmi (IXe s.), Habash al-Hasib (IXe s.), al-Battani (Xe s.) et Khushyar Ibn Labban (Xe-XIe s.).Elle comprend une introduction substantielle contenant l’essentiel des héritages préislamiques sur le sujet : Un exposé de la théorie des éclipses solaires telle qu’elle est développée dans l’Almageste de Ptolémée, suivi de la présentation de cette théorie dans la tradition astronomique indienne.La seconde partie de la thèse est consacrée à l’exposé détaillée des travaux des cinq astronomes musulmans précités. Cette partie est précédée d’un chapitre sur les aspects culturels et sociaux du phénomène des éclipses et suivi par une bibliographie substantielle et un index des noms propres. / The thesis is devoted to the theory of solar eclipses in the Islamic astronomical tradition through the contributions of five astronomers from Islamic countries: Yahya Ibn Abi Mansur (ninth century), al-Khwarizmi (ninth century), Habash al-Hasib (ninth century), al-Battani (tenth century) and Khushyar Ibn Labban (tenth-eleventh century). It includes a substantial introduction containing the bulk of pre-Islamic inheritages on the subject: A presentation of the theory of solar eclipses as developed in the Almagest of Ptolemy, followed by the presentation of this theory in the Indian astronomical tradition. The second part of the thesis is devoted to detailed presentation of the work of the five Muslim astronomers. This part is preceded by a chapter on the cultural and social phenomenon of eclipses and followed by a substantial bibliography and an index of proper names.