photosynthetic bacteria is attractive field as production is fueled by solar energy. Hydrogen production potential of two photosynthetic bacteria R.capsulatus (DSM1710 wild type and R.capsulatus YO3 Hup- uptake hydrogenase deleted mutant strain) were examined in agar immobilized systems. In the present work agar and glutamate concentrations were optimized for immobilization of bacteria while feeding bacteria with 40/2-4 mM acetate/ glutamate. Immobilized bacteria produced hydrogen for 420-1428 hours covering 5-7 rounds. Optimizing of acetate concentration indicated that 60 mM produced the highest observed yield around 90-95%. Results shown that 2.5 mg dry cell weight/mL is the optimum cell concentration for wild type strain while 5 mg dry cell weight/mL was optimum for YO3 strain. Using either glycerol or sodium dithionite caused decrease in hydrogen production capacity of immobilized bacteria. It was observed that agar provided protection against inhibition effect of ammonium. Co- v immobilization of bacteria with packed cells of H. salinarium increased total hydrogen production capacity by about 1.14-1.41 folds. Hydrogen production by immobilized bacteria in panel photobioreactor was achieved by a novel system which allowed long term hydrogen production. Immobilized R. capsulatus DSM 1710 in panel reactor worked for about 67-82 days covering 4-5 rounds while immobilized R. capsulatus YO3 worked for 69-72 days covering seven rounds.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2001--Dortmund.

In this study, a halophilic archaea Halobacterium salinarium TG13 which is isolated from Tuz Lake in Central Anatolia was characterized biochemically and genetically. Halobacterium salinarium DSM3754 and Halobacterium salinarium S9 strains were used as a reference strain through the experiments. In biochemical characterization / total protein profiles of strains was compared by using 1D SDS PAGE. Total protein profile of the isolated strain has shown differences. The SDS-PAGE profile of the purified purple membrane showed only single band by coomassie staining. Molecular weight and pI values of the protein isolated from Halobacterium salinarium TG13 and Halobacterium salinarium S9 were estimated by 2D SDS-PAGE as 22 kD and 5.4, respectively. Photoactivity of purple membrane of the strains was investigated. pH change of the purple membranes were observed upon illumination. This protein might be corresponded to bacteriorhodopsin. In genetical characterization / polymorphism of genomic DNA of strains was scanned with RAPD-PCR. Plasmid DNA profiles of strains was determined to make use of RFLP technique. RAPD-PCR and RFLP analyses have shown that Halobacterium salinarium TG13 is different strain from reference Halobacterium salinarium strains (H.s. S9 and H.s. DSM3754).