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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Atividade antifosfolipÃsica A2 da harpalicina 2, uma isoflavona isolada de Harpalyce brasiliana Benth. / Phospholipase A2 of harpalycina 2 activity, an isoflavone isolated of Harpalyce brasiliana Benth.

Rafael Matos Ximenes 05 October 2012 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / As fosfolipases A2 secretÃrias (sPLA2, EC 3.1.1.4) hidrolisam a ligaÃÃo Ãster sn-2 dos fosfolipÃdios, liberando Ãcidos graxos e lisofosfolipÃdios. A expressÃo destas enzimas esta elevada em diversas condiÃÃes patolÃgicas como, artrite reumatÃide, sepse, aterosclerose e cÃncer. AlÃm disto, as sPLA2s sÃo os principais componentes tÃxicos dos venenos de algumas serpentes, sendo os principais responsÃveis pelo dano tecidual local. A harpalicina 2 Ã uma isoflavona isolada das folhas de Harpalyce brasiliana Benth., uma raiz-de-cobra utilizada na medicina popular do Nordeste para tratar envenenamentos por serpentes e condiÃÃes inflamatÃrias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da harpalicina 2 nas atividades enzimÃtica, edematogÃnica e miotÃxica de sPLA2s isoladas dos venenos de Bothrops pirajai (PrTX-III), Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt F15), Apis mellifera (Apis) e Naja naja (Naja). AlÃm disso, o efeito sobre agregaÃÃo plaquetÃria induzida pela piratoxina-III (PrTX-III) em decorrÃncia do tratamento com a harpalicina 2 tambÃm foi avaliado. A harpalicina 2 inibiu todas as sPLA2s testadas, com percentuais de inibiÃÃo de 58,7, 78,8, 87,7 e 88,1 % para PrTX-III, Cdt F15, Apis e Naja, respectivamente. A primeira fase da atividade edematogÃnica induzida pela administraÃÃo das sPLA2s tambÃm foi inibida pela harpalicina 2, assim como a miotoxicidade. Quando avaliada especificamente sobre a PrTX-III, em comparaÃÃo com os inibidores padrÃo, Ãcido aristolÃchico (Aris Ac) e brometo de p-bromofenacila (p-BPB), a IC50 da harpalicina 2 sobre a atividade enzimÃtica foi de 11,34 Â 0,28 μg/mL. AlteraÃÃes conformacionais como um leve desenovelamento e a transiÃÃo da forma dimÃrica para monomÃrica tambÃm foram observadas apÃs o tratamento com a harpalicina 2, sem contudo alterar a massa da proteÃna. Nos experimentos de agregaÃÃo plaquetÃria, a harpalicina 2 incubada previamente com a PrTX-III inibiu a agregaÃÃo quando comparada a proteÃna nÃo tratada. O efeito inibitÃrio do Ãcido aristolÃchico e do p-BPB foram menores do que os da harpalicina 2, que tambÃm inibiu a agregaÃÃo induzida pelo Ãcido araquidÃnico. Os resultados de docking, obtidos utilizando as estruturas cristalogrÃficas das sPLA2s oriundas do Protein Data Bank, revelaram uma tendÃncia entre os valores dos GOLD scores e os percentuais de inibiÃÃo da atividade enzimÃtica e de agregaÃÃo plaquetÃria, apontando a formaÃÃo de ligaÃÃes de hidrogÃnio entre a harpalicina 2 e resÃduos importantes do sÃtio ativo das sPLA2s, como a histidina-48. Em conclusÃo, estes resultados mostraram o efeito inibitÃrio da harpalicina 2 sobre as atividades enzimÃticas e tÃxicas das sPLA2s, corroborando, em parte, o uso da H. brasiliana na medicina popular. / Secretory phospholipases A2 (sPLA2, EC 3.1.1.4) hydrolyses the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids, releasing fatty acids and lysophospholipids. The expression of these enzymes is found to be elevated in many pathological conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, sepsis, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Moreover, sPLA2s are the main toxic components of some snake venoms, being the mainly responsible for the local tissue damage. Harpalycin 2 is an isoflavona isolated from the leaves of Harpalyce brasiliana Benth., a snakeroot used in folk medicine to treat snake bites and inflammation in Northeast of Brazil. The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of harpalycin 2 in the enzymatic, edematogenic, and myotoxic activities of sPLA2s isolated from Bothrops pirajai (PrTX-III), Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt F15), Apis mellifera (Apis), and Naja naja (Naja) venoms. Futher, the effect on the platelet aggregation induced by PrTX-III as a result of the treatment with harpalycin 2 was also evaluated. Harpalycin 2 inhibited all sPLA2s tested, with inhibition percentages of 58.7, 78.8, 87.7, and 88.1 % for PrTX-III, Cdt F15, Apis, and Naja, respectively. The early phase of the edema induced by sPLA2s administration was also inhibited by harpalycin 2, as well as the myotoxicity. When assayed specifically with the PrTX-III, in comparison with two standard sPLA2 inhibitor, aristolochic acid (Aris Ac) and p-bromophenacyl bromide (p-BPB), the IC50 of harpalycin 2 on the enzymatic activity was 11.34 Â 0.28 μg/mL. Conformational changes as a slightly unfolding and the transition from the dimeric to the monomeric form were also observed after treatment with the harpalycin 2, with no changes in the molecular mass of the protein. In the platelet aggregation assays, the harpalycin 2 incubated with the PrTX-III inhibited the aggregation when compared to the untreated protein. The inhibitory effect of Aris Ac and p-BPB were lower than that of harpalycin 2, which also inhibited the aggregation induced by arachidonic acid. The docking results, using the crystallographic structures of the sPLA2s taken from the Protein Data Bank, showed a trend between the GOLD scores and the percentages of catalytic activity and platelet aggregation inhibition, showing the formation of hydrogen bonds between harpalycin 2 and important residues in the active site of the sPLA2s, as His48. In conclusion, these results showed the inhibitory effect of harpalycin 2 on the enzymatic and toxic activities of sPLA2s, corroborating, at least in part, the use of H. brasiliana in folk medicine.

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