The purpose of this study is to explore college women's high-risk alcohol use and related consequences to form a gender-related perspective of their drinking and related consequences. Because previous studies are based on male norms and constructs, this study employs a qualitative approach to understand, and provide visibility for, college women's alcohol experiences and related outcomes. Ten undergraduate females from a co-educational university participated in interviews during the spring semester of 2006. The data was analyzed using methods associated with the Grounded Theory approach. The results of the data analysis offer four major themes, which include a conceptual model, the Relational Ritual Reinforcement (R3), for understanding the recurring high-risk alcohol use and related negative consequences among some university women. Implications for research, practice, and policy are discussed.

<p> <b>Introduction:</b> Obtaining higher education increases the amount of stressors physically, mentally, and emotionally. College is more than parties, pledging, and freedom from authoritative figures. For many young adults, it is the time to learn independence, responsibility, and roads to success. Today&rsquo;s students are making life-altering decisions under the influences and pressures of society. Coping with stress is just one of the challenges students will endure while in college. Stressors are often considered normal, and students may not immediately recognize certain stressors as being problematic. They may also fail to identity and differentiate between eustress and distress. </p><p> <b>Purpose:</b> This exploratory study defines the role of stress in coping mechanisms (healthy and unhealthy decision making) as it relates to African American college students&rsquo; success (ability to strive academically) at Historically Black College and University (HBCU) and Predominantly White Institutions (PWI). <b>Methodology:</b> A mixed method research design was applied to determine the effects of culture on stressors and coping mechanisms of African American college and graduate students at Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU) and Florida State University (FSU). The <i> Transactional Model of Stress and Coping</i> framework was utilized to evaluate the processes of coping with stressful events. To ensure rigor and validity, the study was segmented into two phases, qualitative (Phase I) and quantitative (Phase II). Phase I consisted of the primary researcher transcribed 17 interviews. A second researcher reviewed and coded for themes. Phase II consisted of 300 student respondents to the College Student&rsquo;s Stressful Event Checklist (CSSEC) and the Brief COPE (COPE) surveys. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted for each variable using quantitative software, SPSS Statistics. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to identify new or merging themes bases on the research questions. </p><p> <b>Results:</b> African American college and graduate students perceived both their susceptibility and severity to stress to result in negative outcomes (problems or health issues). The problems were categorized as maladaptive (overeating, smoking marijuana and drinking alcohol) and non-maladaptive (prayer, meditation, and exercising) behaviors. The health issues experienced, are listed as the following but not limited to: Unwanted pressure, feeling overwhelmed, tired, embarrassed, and symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). As an individuals&rsquo; perception of susceptibility and severity increased in regards to demographics so did their level of stress (CSSEC scoring). Although there was almost an even split about culture being an influence, it played a factor in normalizing stress. A positive relationship was discovered between a student&rsquo;s academic matriculation (classification) and their amount of coping (COPE score). </p><p> <b>Discussion/Conclusion:</b> The findings from phase I were consistent with Lazarus and Folkman&rsquo;s Transactional Model of Stress and Coping and the importance of evaluating harm, threat, and challenges among African American college students. Students perceived both their susceptibility and severity as high due to the pressures of life and past experiences. Students perceived expressions to stress as maladaptive and non-maladaptive behaviors. Students also responded to adaptation with actual style of coping mechanisms. The findings from phase II shows a positive relationship between an individual&rsquo;s classification and the amount of coping mechanisms developed. All four hypotheses were accepted. As students matriculate throughout school (classification) they will adopt coping mechanisms. Stressors may also become more common and easier to normalize; however, adaptation will allow for coping mechanisms to augment from other stressful events. Students utilized the revision of goals and spiritualty as a meaning-based coping mechanisms. The cultural lens influences the coping styles of students within their particular way of life, traditions, and beliefs. As a preventative measure, it is essential to seek counseling services that will assist in obtaining effective ways of coping and possibly healing past issues. Further, exploration of stigma and discrimination among those who self-identify as being a racial/ethnicity or gender/sexual identity minorities in both Historically Black College and Universities and Predominantly White Institutions.</p><p>

Introdução: O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) brasileiro demanda profissionais com formação humanística, voltada para a integralidade da atenção, o trabalho interprofissional e em equipe. Apesar das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) dos cursos da área da saúde, apontarem desde 2001/2002 que os cursos devem assegurar a formação de profissionais com competências e habilidades para a atuação interprofissional, a implantação destas diretrizes ainda é um desafio, especialmente no que diz respeito à integração curricular e ao atendimento às diretrizes do SUS. Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo traçar um panorama da educação interprofissional em saúde (EIP) em Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) no município de São Paulo, Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP) e Baixada Santista (RMBS). Metodologia: Estudo quanti-qualitativo sobre o cenário da EIP nos cursos de graduação das IES na área delimitada. Os dados foram coletados através de consulta e análise das informações contidas nos sites das IES que oferecem cursos de graduação em saúde, e de entrevistas com os coordenadores de cursos de uma IES que trabalha a EIP no Projeto Pedagógico do Curso (PPC). Os dados quantitativos foram analisados através de frequência simples e as entrevistas depois de transcritas foram analisadas com a utilização de análise de conteúdo. Resultados e Discussão: 80 IES ofereciam cursos de graduação na área de saúde, totalizando 307 cursos. A grande maioria dos websites das IES não disponibilizam informações requeridas pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC): 8,5% disponibilizavam o PPC, 44% relação nominal dos docentes, 18,6% ementas de disciplinas e 57,3% carga horário do curso. Apenas 5,2% das IES apresentavam proposta de EIP em seu PPC e 27,7%, disciplinas cuja nomenclatura sugeria a abordagem interprofissional. Pela análise das entrevistas com os coordenadores da IES selecionada emergiram 8 categorias agrupadas em três eixos temáticos: a) PPC com as categorias: origem da proposta de EIP e capacitação do corpo docente; b) Gestão na IES: educação permanente do corpo docente, avaliação do PPC e organização da matriz curricular e c) a EIP na IES: impacto na formação do aluno, o aluno no processo de ensino, o docente no processo de ensino e a educação interprofissional: teoria, prática; e preparo do aluno no término do curso. Conclusões: O conteúdo dos websites das IES não seguem as exigências do MEC. O termo \"interdisciplinar\" é utilizado para definir propostas distintas de ensino: integração curricular entre cursos e articulação do conteúdo teórico com a prática. Três IES apresentam a EIP no PPC. A otimização de recursos para manutenção dos cursos foi o objetivo da proposta inicial da IES; há deficiência na formação na educação permanente do corpo docente e no processo de avaliação da proposta de EIP; os conteúdos sobre o trabalho em equipe são desenvolvidos especialmente na prática; os alunos não compreendem a proposta do currículo integrado mas, apesar das dificuldades, os coordenadores veem de forma positiva a prática do currículo integrado, identificando ganhos no âmbito relacional a partir da convivência e sentimento de pertencimento a uma área comum, a saúde. / Introduction: The Brazilian Health System demands professionals with humanistic background, focused on comprehensive care and interprofessional teamwork. Although the National Curriculum Guidelines for healthcare courses suggest, since 2001/2002, that those courses should ensure professional training on specific skills and abilities aiming interprofessional work, their implementation is still a challenge, especially about curriculum integration and compliance to the guidelines of the current health care system. Objective: This study aims to give an overview about interprofessional education in higher education institutions in São Paulo city, and in the Metropolitan Areas of São Paulo (RMSP) and Baixada Santista (RMBS). Methodology: This is a quantitative and qualitative study about current situation of interprofessional education in health in undergraduate courses. Data were collected through websites of educational institutions that offer health undergraduate courses, and interviews with courses coordinators of one private institution that was identified in previous stage of this research. Quantitative data were analyzed using simple frequency and interviews after transcription were analyzed using content analysis. Results and discussion: 80 higher education institutions offered undergraduate courses in health, totaling 307 courses. Among other data, 8.5% institutions provide the educational project, 44% nominal list of the teachers, 18.6% the menus disciplines and 57.3% the school hours on their institutional websites. Only 5.2% of IES had interprofessional education proposal in your educational project and 27.7 % subjects whose nomenclature suggested the interprofessional education. For the analysis of interviews with coordinators of the selected IES emerged 8 categories grouped into three themes: a) pedagogical proposal with the categories: origin of interprofessional education proposal and training of the staff; b ) Management in the institution: continuing education for teachers , evaluation of pedagogical proposal and organization of the curriculum c ) interprofessional education in the institution : impact on student education , the student in the teaching process , the teacher in the teaching process and the interprofessional education: theory, practice ; and student preparation at the end of the course. Conclusions: Higher education institutions websites of the contents do not follow the requirements of the Ministry of Education. The term \" interdisciplinary \" is used to define different proposals for education: curriculum integration between courses and joint theory content with practical. Three institutions have interprofessional education in pedagogical project. Optimize resources for maintenance of the courses was the inicial objective of the interprofessional proposal ; the faculty qualification and continuing education is not enough it isn\'t a evaluation process of interprofessional education; content about teamwork are specially developed in practice; the students do not understand the proposal of the integrated curriculum and , despite the difficulties , see positively the practice of integrated curriculum, identifying gains in the relational context from the living and feeling of belonging to a common area, health .

Introdução: O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) brasileiro demanda profissionais com formação humanística, voltada para a integralidade da atenção, o trabalho interprofissional e em equipe. Apesar das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) dos cursos da área da saúde, apontarem desde 2001/2002 que os cursos devem assegurar a formação de profissionais com competências e habilidades para a atuação interprofissional, a implantação destas diretrizes ainda é um desafio, especialmente no que diz respeito à integração curricular e ao atendimento às diretrizes do SUS. Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo traçar um panorama da educação interprofissional em saúde (EIP) em Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) no município de São Paulo, Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP) e Baixada Santista (RMBS). Metodologia: Estudo quanti-qualitativo sobre o cenário da EIP nos cursos de graduação das IES na área delimitada. Os dados foram coletados através de consulta e análise das informações contidas nos sites das IES que oferecem cursos de graduação em saúde, e de entrevistas com os coordenadores de cursos de uma IES que trabalha a EIP no Projeto Pedagógico do Curso (PPC). Os dados quantitativos foram analisados através de frequência simples e as entrevistas depois de transcritas foram analisadas com a utilização de análise de conteúdo. Resultados e Discussão: 80 IES ofereciam cursos de graduação na área de saúde, totalizando 307 cursos. A grande maioria dos websites das IES não disponibilizam informações requeridas pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC): 8,5% disponibilizavam o PPC, 44% relação nominal dos docentes, 18,6% ementas de disciplinas e 57,3% carga horário do curso. Apenas 5,2% das IES apresentavam proposta de EIP em seu PPC e 27,7%, disciplinas cuja nomenclatura sugeria a abordagem interprofissional. Pela análise das entrevistas com os coordenadores da IES selecionada emergiram 8 categorias agrupadas em três eixos temáticos: a) PPC com as categorias: origem da proposta de EIP e capacitação do corpo docente; b) Gestão na IES: educação permanente do corpo docente, avaliação do PPC e organização da matriz curricular e c) a EIP na IES: impacto na formação do aluno, o aluno no processo de ensino, o docente no processo de ensino e a educação interprofissional: teoria, prática; e preparo do aluno no término do curso. Conclusões: O conteúdo dos websites das IES não seguem as exigências do MEC. O termo \"interdisciplinar\" é utilizado para definir propostas distintas de ensino: integração curricular entre cursos e articulação do conteúdo teórico com a prática. Três IES apresentam a EIP no PPC. A otimização de recursos para manutenção dos cursos foi o objetivo da proposta inicial da IES; há deficiência na formação na educação permanente do corpo docente e no processo de avaliação da proposta de EIP; os conteúdos sobre o trabalho em equipe são desenvolvidos especialmente na prática; os alunos não compreendem a proposta do currículo integrado mas, apesar das dificuldades, os coordenadores veem de forma positiva a prática do currículo integrado, identificando ganhos no âmbito relacional a partir da convivência e sentimento de pertencimento a uma área comum, a saúde. / Introduction: The Brazilian Health System demands professionals with humanistic background, focused on comprehensive care and interprofessional teamwork. Although the National Curriculum Guidelines for healthcare courses suggest, since 2001/2002, that those courses should ensure professional training on specific skills and abilities aiming interprofessional work, their implementation is still a challenge, especially about curriculum integration and compliance to the guidelines of the current health care system. Objective: This study aims to give an overview about interprofessional education in higher education institutions in São Paulo city, and in the Metropolitan Areas of São Paulo (RMSP) and Baixada Santista (RMBS). Methodology: This is a quantitative and qualitative study about current situation of interprofessional education in health in undergraduate courses. Data were collected through websites of educational institutions that offer health undergraduate courses, and interviews with courses coordinators of one private institution that was identified in previous stage of this research. Quantitative data were analyzed using simple frequency and interviews after transcription were analyzed using content analysis. Results and discussion: 80 higher education institutions offered undergraduate courses in health, totaling 307 courses. Among other data, 8.5% institutions provide the educational project, 44% nominal list of the teachers, 18.6% the menus disciplines and 57.3% the school hours on their institutional websites. Only 5.2% of IES had interprofessional education proposal in your educational project and 27.7 % subjects whose nomenclature suggested the interprofessional education. For the analysis of interviews with coordinators of the selected IES emerged 8 categories grouped into three themes: a) pedagogical proposal with the categories: origin of interprofessional education proposal and training of the staff; b ) Management in the institution: continuing education for teachers , evaluation of pedagogical proposal and organization of the curriculum c ) interprofessional education in the institution : impact on student education , the student in the teaching process , the teacher in the teaching process and the interprofessional education: theory, practice ; and student preparation at the end of the course. Conclusions: Higher education institutions websites of the contents do not follow the requirements of the Ministry of Education. The term \" interdisciplinary \" is used to define different proposals for education: curriculum integration between courses and joint theory content with practical. Three institutions have interprofessional education in pedagogical project. Optimize resources for maintenance of the courses was the inicial objective of the interprofessional proposal ; the faculty qualification and continuing education is not enough it isn\'t a evaluation process of interprofessional education; content about teamwork are specially developed in practice; the students do not understand the proposal of the integrated curriculum and , despite the difficulties , see positively the practice of integrated curriculum, identifying gains in the relational context from the living and feeling of belonging to a common area, health .

Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2018-03-09T13:26:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANGELA BAMPA SCHATTAN.pdf: 3383518 bytes, checksum: ba301e6aac13950aade92e5662106f61 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-09T13:26:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSANGELA BAMPA SCHATTAN.pdf: 3383518 bytes, checksum: ba301e6aac13950aade92e5662106f61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-14 / Universidade Católica de Santos - Católica de Santos / Introduction: The work demand of college educators can generate great physical and psychological distress, with deleterious health effects, such as sleeping disorder. Objectives: To evaluate the association of social and psychological aspects of work and health with the sleeping characteristics of college educators, as well as correlate the work capacity with fatigue symptoms and minor psychiatric disorders and to compare the duration of sleeping and waking up hours before and after the vacation period. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study of quantitative approach with 123 college educators at a University in Santos-Brazil during 2016 and 2017. Data collection was performed at two different moments: the first part was the application of an on-line instrument containing several validated questionnaires, adapted to the reality of the present investigation. The instrument was divided in three branches: 1. Social-demographic profile and life style; 2. Aspects related to the work; 3. Questions about sleeping conditions and health. The second part consisted of the completion of a diary of sleeping patterns and activities at the end of the academic semester (Phase 1 - before vacations, n=26) and at the beginning of the new one (Phase 2 - after vacations, n=16). For statistical evaluation, hypothesis tests of Pearson's Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were used. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance, the one way ANOVA with repeated measures and the linear regression analysis were also applied. Results: Individuals average age was 56.3 years (SD 10.4 years), with a majority of the feminine sex (54.5%), living with a partner (74%), had a second job (67.4%), has been working in the institution for an average of 15.3 years (SD 10.4) with an average working hours in the institution of 24.5 hours/week. Most of the college educators showed bad sleeping quality during working days (70.1%), being a little less prevalent on non-working days (49%). College educators with chronic muscle skeletal symptoms showed higher prevalence ratio of bad sleeping quality during working days when compared with those with no symptoms (PR 1.84, CI 95% 1.06-3.20). During non-working days, the prevalence ratio was two times higher (PR 3.13, CI 95% 1.46-6.71). About 1/3 of the college educators showed insomnia symptoms (31.7%). Moreover, having a higher fatigue perception and being sedentary increased the insomnia prevalence ratio when compared to the college educators with lower fatigue perception and physically active (PR 2.66 - CI 95% 1.18-6.01 and PR 2.34 - CI 95% 1.04-5.25, respectively). No differences were observed between averages of sleeping aspects and activities concerning phases 1 and 2. The working capacity was negatively correlated with the fatigue disorders amongst the participants. Conclusion: College educators studied showed high prevalence of insomnia symptoms and bad sleeping quality. Chronic muscle skeletal symptoms, fatigue and sedentary habits negatively interfered in the sleeping patterns of the group. The vacation period did not interfere the sleep aspects evaluated. / Introdução: As exigências do trabalho docente no sistema de ensino superior podem gerar grandes desgastes físicos e psíquicos, com consequentes efeitos deletérios à saúde, dentre eles, os distúrbios do sono. Objetivos: Avaliar os fatores associados ao sono de docentes universitários, bem como correlacionar a capacidade para o trabalho com os sintomas de fadiga relacionada ao trabalho e comparar a qualidade do sono, horários de dormir e acordar antes e após o período de férias. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, com 123 docentes de uma Universidade da Baixada Santista, entre 2016 e 2017. A coleta de dados foi efetuada em dois momentos: primeira etapa, aplicação de um instrumento de forma on line, contendo vários questionários validados e adaptados à realidade do estudo. O instrumento foi dividido em três blocos: 1. Perfil sociodemográfico e estilo de vida; 2. Aspectos relacionados ao trabalho; 3. Questões sobre sono e saúde. A segunda etapa compreendeu o preenchimento do diário de sono e de atividade no final do semestre letivo (Fase 1- antes das férias, n=26) e no início do semestre (Fase 2 ¿ após as férias, n=16). Foram realizados os testes de hipóteses Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou Exato de Fischer, a análise de regressão de Poisson, com variância robusta, o teste de ANOVA oneway de medidas repetidas e a análise de regressão linear. Resultados: A idade média dos pesquisados era de 56,3 anos (DP 10,4 anos), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (54,5%), moravam com o companheiro (74%), tinham segundo emprego (67,4%), trabalhavam na instituição em média há 15,3 anos (DP 10,4 anos) e com jornada de trabalho média na instituição pesquisada de 24,5 horas/semana. A maioria dos docentes apresentou qualidade de sono ruim nos dias de trabalho (70,1%), sendo essa prevalência um pouco menor nos dias de folga (49%). Os docentes com sintomas musculoesqueléticos crônicos apresentaram maior razão de prevalência de qualidade de sono ruim nos dias de trabalho em relação aos docentes sem sintomas (RP 1,84, IC 95% 1,06-3,20). Já nos dias de folga, essa razão de prevalência foi duas vezes maior (RP 3,13, IC 95% 1,46-6,71). Cerca de 1/3 dos docentes apresentaram sintomas de insônia (31,7%), sendo que uma maior percepção de fadiga e ser sedentário aumentaram a razão de prevalência de insônia em relação aos docentes com menor percepção de fadiga e fisicamente ativos (RP 2,66 - IC 95% 1,18-6,01 e RP 2,34 - IC 95% 1,04-5,25, respectivamente). Não foi verificada diferença entre as médias dos aspectos de sono e de atividades entre as fases 1 e 2. A capacidade para o trabalho foi negativamente correlacionada com a fadiga entre os docentes pesquisados. Conclusão: Os docentes pesquisados apresentaram elevada prevalência de sintomas de insônia e de qualidade de sono ruim, sendo que os sintomas musculoesqueléticos crônicos, fadiga e sedentarismo interferiram negativamente no sono dos docentes. O período de férias não interferiu nos aspectos de sono avaliados.