This thesis describes the design of a cogeneration unit, its design and operational optimization. The theoretical part explains the principles of cogeneration and the associated advantages and disadvantages, also describes the different types of units and their main components and their suitability for use in various types of buildings. The second part of this thesis deals with a design of cogeneration unit in selected building. Design of cogeneration unit consists of evaluation of the object itself, through the selection of suitable units, optimalization of a selected range of cogeneration units, to the final financial analysis. The part of the thesis are also project drawings, which shows the current status of the heating system and subsequently scheme with the possible involvement of cogeneration units in the existing system.

This dissertation presents a comprehensive investigation into the performance optimization of a smart energy system called the Integrated Community Energy and Harvesting (ICE-Harvest) system, designed to optimize energy utilization in dense communities in cold climates. This system comprises a single-pipe variable-temperature micro-thermal network, a micro-electrical network, and distributed energy resources such as combined heat and power units, boilers, heat pumps, short-term storage systems, and long-term storage system. The objective of this research is to develop an optimal operation strategy for the system, considering the coordination of its components to realize its full potential including achieving demand management while ensuring occupants' comfort, harvesting and sharing waste energy, and facilitating energy arbitrage and taking advantage of energy price fluctuations, among other benefits. For this aim, the study begins by formulating precise quasi-dynamic mathematical representations of the system, considering the physical and operational limitations to capture the system's intricacies. The resultant optimization problem is a mixed integer nonlinear programming model that commercial solvers could not solve. To make the nonlinear models more tractable and solvable, various mathematical techniques are employed to linearize them. It is worth noting that many of these formulations are original contributions to the field. Given the specific configuration of the system with components requiring short-term and long-term operation scheduling and the large-scale nature of the optimization problem, a decomposition algorithm is proposed that breaks down the problem into three sequential layers: long-term, short-term, and ultra-short-term. Each layer addresses specific planning horizons, time resolutions, and optimization models, enabling effective optimization of the system's operation. The proposed optimization algorithm offers an effective framework for planning and optimizing ICE-Harvest operation at various time horizons and resolutions. It demonstrates the system's flexibility in performing waste energy harvesting and sharing, demand management, and dynamic switching between energy carriers based on real-time prices. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / This dissertation aims to develop an energy management system for an integrated smart energy system, called integrated community energy and harvesting (ICE-Harvest). The ICE-Harvest system is envisioned as the future of energy systems for dense com munities in cold climates. This system comprises a single-pipe variable-temperature micro-thermal network, a micro-electrical network, and distributed energy resources. The goal is to coordinate all the variables and assets so that the system’s capabilities in harvesting waste energy to offset the community’s thermal demands, performing demand management without affecting occupants’ comfort, and realizing energy arbi trage are realized. For this aim, a hierarchical decision-making framework is developed in which three sequential layers are integrated. The three layers determine the long term, short-term, and ultra-short-term optimal operation of the ICE-Harvest system. The layers are differentiated by their objective, planning horizon, time resolution, and optimization models.

This thesis provides heat pump usage in heating mode, heating of potable water or cooling mode. The heat pump is connected with photovoltaic power plant. The main aim of this study is to create photovoltaic system connected with heat pump and present the results of an energetic and economic evaluation. The theoretical part describes principle function heat pumps, photovoltaic power plants and components. The study provides as well a description of heating systems with a heat pump used for space heating or cooling. In the practical part of this thesis was performed calculation of energy consumption in a building. Based on this data, has been selected a suitable heat pump. To reduce the energy consumption was designed a hybrid photovoltaic power plant with a battery accumulation. Utilization of electric energy from photovoltaic system was calculated. Solutions provide the option of the energy flow analysis in specific interval. Results are summarized in the energetic and economic evaluation. The proposed solution can be applied for reconstruction or construction of a new building, focused on usage of renewable resources and emissions reduction.