No description available.

An experimental animal model was developed to study and define the relationship between the blood flow and the marrow cavity pressure of bone. The study was carried out in 24 rabbits and 32 dogs under nembutol anesthesia. A multichannel physiograph was used to record simultaneously the systemic blood pressure, bone blood flow, marrow cavity pressure of bone and time sequence. The systemic blood pressure was measured by cannulating a brachial or carotid artery. The bone blood flow was measured by cannulating the nutrient vein and/or the nutrient artery. The marrow cavity pressure was measured by inserting a steel cannula through a drill hole in the cortex into the marrow cavity. The bones studied were mainly the tibia and femur. During the normal control condition, the marrow cavity pressure was found to have a wide range from animal to animal. In the rabbits, the range was from 20 to 60 mm. Hg. (15 to 50 percent of the systemic blood pressure). In the dogs, it ranged from 40 to 120 mm. Hg. (20 to 90 percent of the systemic blood pressure). However, the systemic blood pressure, intramedullary pressure and nutrient venous outflow were remarkably constant in a control period, therefore, their changes under experimental conditions were readily recordable. Various factors affecting bone circulation were studied. If the femoral vein is occluded the marrow cavity pressure rises and the nutrient venous outflow increases indicating venous congestion of bone. Nutrient artery occlusion causes a sharp fall in marrow cavity pressure coupled with a marked decrease in the nutrient venous outflow. Adrenalin and noradrenalin intravenous infusions produce a fall in marrow cavity pressure coupled with a decreased bone blood flow, despite an elevation in the systemic blood pressure. Isoproterenol hydrochloride generally causes a fall in the systemic blood pressure, widening of the pulse pressure, a fall in the marrow cavity pressure and a decrease in the nutrient venous outflow. Electrical sympathetic stimulation produces a fall in the marrow cavity pressure and a decrease in bone blood flow. Lumbar sympathectomy causes a rise in the marrow cavity pressure and an increase in the bone blood flow. Skeletal muscle contraction produces bone venous congestion with elevation of the marrow cavity pressure and increased nutrient venous outflow. Muscular relaxation causes a momentary sharp fall in the marrow cavity pressure to sub control levels before returning to the normal pressure. It is concluded that the marrow cavity pressure is bone blood flow dependent and reflects well the changes in the hemodynamics of bone. The narrow pressure rises if the arterial blood supply to bone increases or the venous congestion occurs in bone. The marrow pressure falls if the arterial blood supply to bone decreases or the venous drainage of bone is facilitated. / Surgery, Department of / Medicine, Faculty of / Graduate

Syssphinx molina (Cramer) é considerada uma espécie de interesse fitossanitário, pois pode ser praga de algumas plantas cultivadas pelo homem, além disso, em lavouras de monoculturas podem ocorrer acidentes com as larvas dessa espécie, causando dermatites nos trabalhadores. O principal objetivo desse estudo é obter e caracterizar as células embrionárias indiferenciadas de Syssphinx molina. Ovos da espécie serão obtidos através de mariposas fêmeas grávidas, coletadas pela equipe da Coleção Zoológica do Maranhão (CZMA), da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Caxias. Os ovos foram caracterizados e comparados com ovos de outras espécies filogeneticamente próximas à S. molina. Culturas primárias de células embrionárias de S. molina foram cultivadas por 20 dias, ocorreram duas passagens e procedeu-se com o congelamento. Após descongelamento das células ocorreram 10 passagens. Foram analisadas amostras de células de cada passagem para obter dados do ciclo célular e características das células através de uso de marcadores: Anti-Axons, Anti-Caspase 3 ativa, Anti-CD105, Anti-CD117, Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90/Thy1, Anti-Ciclina D1, Anti GM 130, Anti-HLA DR, Anti-HSP47, Anti-HSP70,. Anti-KI67, Anti-MCP1, Anti- Oct 3/4, Anti-p53, Anti RAB 5, Anti-SSEA4, Anti-Stro-1, Anti-TGF beta 1, Anti-Vimentina e Schneider L2. Pela primeira vez é determinado um protocolo para resfriamento de ovos de S. molina, assim como protocolo para cultura primária e secundária de células embrionárias dessa espécie. São analisadas também as idades gestacionais dos ovos de S. molina e comparadas com ovos de outras espécies de mariposas da mesma subfamília. A análise de ciclo celular e marcadores confirmam a alta taxa de proliferação das células, no entanto, a análise com os anticorpos Anti-Caspase 3 ativa e Anti-P53 mostrou o percentual de morte celular programada (apoptose) é, geralmente, maior que 25% nas populações de células analisadas. Os marcadores Anti GM130 e Anti RAB 5, que participam, respectivamente, do recrutamento de proteínas pela fase cis do aparelho de Golgi e do processo de maturação do endossoma, marcaram mais de 50% das células das amostras analisadas. Anti-HLA-DR, que revela proteínas da membrana do linfócito T, com um percentual geralmente superior a 30% de marcação. Dentre os marcadores de células multi e pluripotentes, aquele que marcou maior taxa de células foi Anti- CD117, que se liga em células estaminais hematopoiéticas. Todos os anticorpos utilizados para marcar células do sistema hematopoiético (Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90/Thy1, Anti-HLA DR e Anti-MCP1) foram expressos nas células cultivadas de S. molina. Portanto, entende-se que os insetos, a exemplo de S. molina, são um grupo que possuem atividades metabólicas complexas e o entendimento dessas atividades permitirá, no futuro, delinear novas formas de controle biológico. Além disso, os dados inéditos sobre o sistema hematopoiético dos insetos apresentado nesse trabalho, além constitui um subsídio fundamental para estabelecer futuros modelos importantes para estudos de estratégias de controle biológico, como também poderá auxiliar no desenvolvimento de técnicas para combater doenças transmitidas por insetos. / Syssphinx molina (Cramer) is considered a species of phytosanitary interest, it can be curse of some plants cultivated by man, in addition, in monoculture plantations, accidents may occur with the larvae of this species, causing dermatitis in workers. The main objective of this study is to obtain and characterize the undifferentiated embryonic cells of Syssphinx molina. Eggs of the species will be obtained through pregnant female moths, collected by the team of the Coleção Zoológica do Maranhão (CZMA), Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Caxias-MA. The eggs were characterized and compared with eggs of other phylogenetically close species of S. molina. Primary cultures of S. molina embryonic cells were cultured for 20 days, Two passes occurred and proceeded with freezing. After thawing of the cells, there were 10 passes. Cell samples from each passage were analyzed to obtain cell cycle data and cell characteristics through the use of markers: Anti-Axons, Anti-Caspase 3 ativa, Anti-CD105, Anti-CD117, Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90/Thy1, Anti-Ciclina D1, Anti GM 130, Anti-HLA DR, Anti-HSP47, Anti-HSP70,. Anti-KI67, Anti-MCP1, Anti- Oct 3/4, Anti-p53, Anti RAB 5, Anti-SSEA4, Anti-Stro-1, Anti-TGF beta 1, Anti-Vimentina e Schneider L2. For the first time a protocol for cooling eggs of S. molina is determined, as well as protocol for primary and secondary culture of embryonic cells of this species. The gestational age of S. molina eggs and compared to eggs of other species of moths of the same subfamily. Cell cycle analysis and markers confirm the high rate of cell proliferation, however, analysis with the active Anti-Caspase 3 and Anti-P53 antibodies showed the percentage of programmed cell death (apoptosis) is generally greater than 25 % in the analyzed cell populations. Markers Anti GM130 and anti RAB 5, which participate respectively, recruitment of proteins by cis phase of the Golgi apparatus and endosome maturation process, scored more than 50% of the cells in the samples analyzed. Anti-HLA-DR, which reveals T lymphocyte membrane proteins, with a percentage generally greater than 30% labeling. Among the multi- and pluripotent cell markers, the one that scored the highest cell rate was Anti-CD117, which binds to hematopoietic stem cells. All antibodies used to label cells from the hematopoietic system (Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90 / Thy1, Anti-HLA DR and Anti-MCP1) were expressed in the cultured cells of S. molina. Therefore, it is understood that insects, like S. molina, are a group that has complex metabolic activities and the understanding of these activities will, in the future, outline new forms of biological control. In addition, the unpublished data on the hamatopoietic system of insects presented in this work, beyond is a key benefit to establish future important models for studies of biological control strategies, but may also assist in the development of techniques to combat diseases transmitted by insects.

Un des défis fondamentaux de la biologie moderne est une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes de régulation de l'expression des gènes, dont dépendent notamment le fonctionnement et la différentiation des cellules. En outre, leurs dérèglements peuvent être à l'origine de pathologies comme par exemple les cancers. Les technologies haut-débit de l'ère post-génomique permettent la production massive de données concernant notamment l'expression des gènes, les sites de fixation des facteurs de transcription et l'état de la chromatine. Ces données sont une mine d'informations pour l'étude des mécanismes de régulation. Cependant, la quantité et l'hétérogénéité de ces données soulèvent de nombreuses problématiques bioinformatiques liées à l'accès, la visualisation, l'analyse et l'intégration de celles-ci.Cette thèse aborde un certain nombre de ces aspects, à travers plusieurs projets :- la caractérisation bioinformatique de transcrits anti-sens produits par des promoteurs bidirectionnels durant le développement thymocytaire- le développement et l'intégration d'un compendium d'interactions géniques de natures diverses (interactions physiques, régulations, etc), ainsi qu'un outil de visualisation de graphes adapté - l'étude d'un système de transdifférentiation de lymphocytes pre-B en macrophages par induction de CEBPa, et la construction d'un modèle de régulation, grâce à l'analyse intégrée de données de puces à ADN, de ChIP-seq et de séquence / One of the fundamental challenges of modern biology is to better understand the mechanisms regulating gene expression, on which the functioning and differentiation of cells depend. In particular, disorders in these mechanisms may be the cause of diseases such as cancer. High throughput technologies of the post-genomic era allow mass production of data including gene expression, binding sites of transcription factors and chromatin state. These data a wealth of information for the study of regulatory mechanisms. However, the amount and heterogeneity of these data raise many bioinformatics issues related to access, visualization, analysis and integration of these.This thesis addresses a number of these aspects, through several projects:- bioinformatics characterization of antisense transcripts produced by bidirectional promoters during thymocyte development,- development and integration of a compendium of gene interactions of various kinds (physical interactions, regulations, etc.), and a graph visualization tool,- the study of a transdifferentiation system of pre-B lymphocytes into macrophages by induction of CEBPa, and the construction of a regulation model, thanks to the integrated analysis of DNA microarrays, ChIP-seq and sequence data.This work provides an illustration of some of the bioinformatics issues related to the exploitation of these data and methodologies to efficiently extract biological information, particularly to answer questions regarding the mechanisms of transcription and its regulation in the hematopoietic system.

Bibliography: leaves 1-14 of section Reference / [175] leaves : / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (M.D.)--University of Adelaide, 1985

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2002. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.

Resumo: As infecções ocasionadas por vírus respiratórios (VR) causam significante morbidade e mortalidade em pacientes imunocomprometidos, especialmente em receptores de transplante de células tronco hematopoéticas (TCTH). Durante o período de abril a outubro de 2008 realizou-se estudo prospectivo em coorte no Hospital Amaral Carvalho, com vigilância de sintomas respiratórios por meio de busca ativa entre os receptores de TCTH (grupo 1, N=138), portadores de doenças oncohematológicas (grupo 2, N=325), e acompanhantes e profissionais de saúde (grupo 3, N=36). Os objetivos foram: 1) avaliar freqüência dos VR em receptores de TCTH assintomáticos antes da admissão (triagem VR); 2) avaliar o impacto da busca ativa dos sintomas respiratórios na freqüência do diagnóstico; 3) avaliar a circulação de VR da comunidade em ambiente hospitalar por meio do diagnóstico de pacientes ambulatoriais, funcionários e acompanhantes; 4) determinar a proporção das viroses respiratórias que foram adquiridas por transmissão intra-hospitalar; e 5) promover programa de educação continuada sobre viroses respiratórias. As técnicas diagnósticas utilizadas foram: imunofluorescência direta (IFD) para RSV, parainfluenza (PIV), adenovírus (ADV) e vírus influenza (INF) A e B, e PCR real time (ensaio Taqman) para INF A e B, rinovírus (HRV) e metapneumovírus (hMPV). A triagem de VR em 62 receptores de TCTH assintomáticos identificou INF B e HRV em dois pacientes (3,2%), 7 e 14 dias antes do TCTH, respectivamente. O paciente com HRV apresentou falência do enxerto durante o seguimento. No grupo 1, foi diagnosticado VR em 19 dos 138 receptores de TCTH (13,8%) após mediana de 34 (3 a 61) visitas de vigilância por paciente. A média de episódios de sintomas respiratórios foi de 1,7 (1 a 5) episódios por paciente. A detecção de VR teve ocorrência maior para receptores de TCTH conforme... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Infections caused by respiratory viruses (RV) cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, especially in recipients of hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT). From April to October 2008, a prospective cohort study was conducted at Hospital Amaral Carvalho in HSCT recipients (group 1, N = 138), oncohematologic patients (group 2, N = 325), and chaperones and health care workers (HCW) (group 3, N = 36). The objectives were: 1) evaluate the frequency of RV in asymptomatic HSCT recipients before admission (RV screening), 2) evaluate the impact of respiratory symptoms surveillance in the frequency of the diagnosis, and 3) evaluate the circulation of community RV in the hospital through the detection of RV in HSCT outpatients, HCW and accompanying persons, 4) determine the proportion of hospital-acquired RV infections among HSCT recipients, and 5) implement an educational program on RV control. The diagnostic techniques used were immunofluorescence (DFA) for RSV, parainfluenza virus (PIV), adenovirus (ADV) and influenza virus (INF) A and B, and real time PCR (Taqman assay) for INF A and B, rhinovirus (HRV ) and metapneumovirus (hMPV). The RV screening in 62 asymptomatic HSCT recipients identified INF B and HRV in two patients (3.2%), 7 and 14 days before HSCT, respectively. The patient with HRV had graft failure during follow-up. In group 1, RV was diagnosed in 19 of the 138 HSCT recipients (13.8%) after a median of 34 (3 to 61) surveillance visits per patient. The mean number of episodes of respiratory symptoms was 1.7 (1 to 5) episodes per patient. The increasing number of surveillance visits favored the diagnosis of RV (p = 0.008). Infections diagnosed in the RV group 1 were: RSV in 9 cases (6.5%), hMPV in 1 (0.7%), RSV and hMPV in 1 (0.7%), HRV in 3 (2.2%), INF A / B 1 (0.7%), INF B in 4 (2.9%). Progression to pneumonia occurred in 3 patients (16%)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Clarisse Martins Machado / Coorientador: Lenira Queiroz Mauad / Banca: Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira Silveira / Banca: João Manuel Grisi Candeias / Mestre

Syssphinx molina (Cramer) é considerada uma espécie de interesse fitossanitário, pois pode ser praga de algumas plantas cultivadas pelo homem, além disso, em lavouras de monoculturas podem ocorrer acidentes com as larvas dessa espécie, causando dermatites nos trabalhadores. O principal objetivo desse estudo é obter e caracterizar as células embrionárias indiferenciadas de Syssphinx molina. Ovos da espécie serão obtidos através de mariposas fêmeas grávidas, coletadas pela equipe da Coleção Zoológica do Maranhão (CZMA), da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Caxias. Os ovos foram caracterizados e comparados com ovos de outras espécies filogeneticamente próximas à S. molina. Culturas primárias de células embrionárias de S. molina foram cultivadas por 20 dias, ocorreram duas passagens e procedeu-se com o congelamento. Após descongelamento das células ocorreram 10 passagens. Foram analisadas amostras de células de cada passagem para obter dados do ciclo célular e características das células através de uso de marcadores: Anti-Axons, Anti-Caspase 3 ativa, Anti-CD105, Anti-CD117, Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90/Thy1, Anti-Ciclina D1, Anti GM 130, Anti-HLA DR, Anti-HSP47, Anti-HSP70,. Anti-KI67, Anti-MCP1, Anti- Oct 3/4, Anti-p53, Anti RAB 5, Anti-SSEA4, Anti-Stro-1, Anti-TGF beta 1, Anti-Vimentina e Schneider L2. Pela primeira vez é determinado um protocolo para resfriamento de ovos de S. molina, assim como protocolo para cultura primária e secundária de células embrionárias dessa espécie. São analisadas também as idades gestacionais dos ovos de S. molina e comparadas com ovos de outras espécies de mariposas da mesma subfamília. A análise de ciclo celular e marcadores confirmam a alta taxa de proliferação das células, no entanto, a análise com os anticorpos Anti-Caspase 3 ativa e Anti-P53 mostrou o percentual de morte celular programada (apoptose) é, geralmente, maior que 25% nas populações de células analisadas. Os marcadores Anti GM130 e Anti RAB 5, que participam, respectivamente, do recrutamento de proteínas pela fase cis do aparelho de Golgi e do processo de maturação do endossoma, marcaram mais de 50% das células das amostras analisadas. Anti-HLA-DR, que revela proteínas da membrana do linfócito T, com um percentual geralmente superior a 30% de marcação. Dentre os marcadores de células multi e pluripotentes, aquele que marcou maior taxa de células foi Anti- CD117, que se liga em células estaminais hematopoiéticas. Todos os anticorpos utilizados para marcar células do sistema hematopoiético (Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90/Thy1, Anti-HLA DR e Anti-MCP1) foram expressos nas células cultivadas de S. molina. Portanto, entende-se que os insetos, a exemplo de S. molina, são um grupo que possuem atividades metabólicas complexas e o entendimento dessas atividades permitirá, no futuro, delinear novas formas de controle biológico. Além disso, os dados inéditos sobre o sistema hematopoiético dos insetos apresentado nesse trabalho, além constitui um subsídio fundamental para estabelecer futuros modelos importantes para estudos de estratégias de controle biológico, como também poderá auxiliar no desenvolvimento de técnicas para combater doenças transmitidas por insetos. / Syssphinx molina (Cramer) is considered a species of phytosanitary interest, it can be curse of some plants cultivated by man, in addition, in monoculture plantations, accidents may occur with the larvae of this species, causing dermatitis in workers. The main objective of this study is to obtain and characterize the undifferentiated embryonic cells of Syssphinx molina. Eggs of the species will be obtained through pregnant female moths, collected by the team of the Coleção Zoológica do Maranhão (CZMA), Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA), Campus Caxias-MA. The eggs were characterized and compared with eggs of other phylogenetically close species of S. molina. Primary cultures of S. molina embryonic cells were cultured for 20 days, Two passes occurred and proceeded with freezing. After thawing of the cells, there were 10 passes. Cell samples from each passage were analyzed to obtain cell cycle data and cell characteristics through the use of markers: Anti-Axons, Anti-Caspase 3 ativa, Anti-CD105, Anti-CD117, Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90/Thy1, Anti-Ciclina D1, Anti GM 130, Anti-HLA DR, Anti-HSP47, Anti-HSP70,. Anti-KI67, Anti-MCP1, Anti- Oct 3/4, Anti-p53, Anti RAB 5, Anti-SSEA4, Anti-Stro-1, Anti-TGF beta 1, Anti-Vimentina e Schneider L2. For the first time a protocol for cooling eggs of S. molina is determined, as well as protocol for primary and secondary culture of embryonic cells of this species. The gestational age of S. molina eggs and compared to eggs of other species of moths of the same subfamily. Cell cycle analysis and markers confirm the high rate of cell proliferation, however, analysis with the active Anti-Caspase 3 and Anti-P53 antibodies showed the percentage of programmed cell death (apoptosis) is generally greater than 25 % in the analyzed cell populations. Markers Anti GM130 and anti RAB 5, which participate respectively, recruitment of proteins by cis phase of the Golgi apparatus and endosome maturation process, scored more than 50% of the cells in the samples analyzed. Anti-HLA-DR, which reveals T lymphocyte membrane proteins, with a percentage generally greater than 30% labeling. Among the multi- and pluripotent cell markers, the one that scored the highest cell rate was Anti-CD117, which binds to hematopoietic stem cells. All antibodies used to label cells from the hematopoietic system (Anti-CD24, Anti-CD43, Anti-CD73, Anti-CD90 / Thy1, Anti-HLA DR and Anti-MCP1) were expressed in the cultured cells of S. molina. Therefore, it is understood that insects, like S. molina, are a group that has complex metabolic activities and the understanding of these activities will, in the future, outline new forms of biological control. In addition, the unpublished data on the hamatopoietic system of insects presented in this work, beyond is a key benefit to establish future important models for studies of biological control strategies, but may also assist in the development of techniques to combat diseases transmitted by insects.

No description available.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(医学) / 乙第12815号 / 論医博第2077号 / 新制||医||1004(附属図書館) / 31302 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 山田 亮, 教授 小川 誠司, 教授 竹内 理 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM