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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo soroepidemiológico das hepatites B e Delta na população de doze municípios do estado do Acre, Brasil

Neves, Sebastiao Afonso Viana Macedo January 2003 (has links)
Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, 2003. / Submitted by Alaíde Gonçalves dos Santos (alaide@unb.br) on 2013-05-24T12:44:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2003_SebastiaoAfonsoVianaMacedoNeves.pdf: 20612609 bytes, checksum: 1e2066c62a3d2e255de5aee7fa8590f1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2013-05-24T13:36:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2003_SebastiaoAfonsoVianaMacedoNeves.pdf: 20612609 bytes, checksum: 1e2066c62a3d2e255de5aee7fa8590f1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-24T13:36:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2003_SebastiaoAfonsoVianaMacedoNeves.pdf: 20612609 bytes, checksum: 1e2066c62a3d2e255de5aee7fa8590f1 (MD5) / O estudo de soroprevalência das hepatites B e Delta foi realizado no Estado do Acre, Amazônia Ocidental brasileira onde o VHD está associado a formas severas de hepatite fulminante de transmissão intrafamilial em áreas de florestas ribeirinhas. A ocorrência desses casos está restrita a algumas áreas do Estado do Acre, onde também se encontram, com frequência, casos de cirrose e carcinoma hepatocelular associado ao VHB e VHD. Objetivos: investigar a infecção pelo VHB e VHD em amostra representativa da população do Estado, incluindo residentes da área rural. Metodologia: com base nessas observações, realizous-se estudo seccional, com a coleta de amostras de soro após o preenchimento de questionário epidemiológico. os marcadores sorológicos foram realizados pela técnica ELISA, e a genotipagem do VHB foi realizada pelo sequenciamento da região S. Resultados: das 2.695 pessoas estudadas, 89 (3,3%) foram positivas para o AgHBs. enquanto 1.628 (60,4%) foram positivas para o anti-HBc. Em 61 pacientes, os resultados sorológicos não foram conclusivos. Do total da amostra, 47 (1,7%) foram positivas para o anti-VHD total. A presença do anti -VHD esteve associada a: 1) maior faixa etária; 2) sexo masculino; 3)menor grau de escolaridade; 4) passado de malária; 5) história pregressa de hepatite aguda; 6) tatuagem; 7) etnia ameríndia. Os genótipos do VHB mais encontrados foram o A e o F com os subtipos adw2 e adw4. Conclusão: o estudo demonstra que há elevada prevalência da infecção pelo VHB e VHD na Amazônia Ocidental, onde predominam os genótipos A e F do VHB. Estudos futuros devem ser dirigidos para melhor identificar os aspectos epidemiológicos e virológicos e propor estratégias de prevenção para o VHB e VHD na área hiperendêmica, principalmente no tocante à população ameríndia. / The seroprevalence study of Hepatitis B and Delta Virus (HDV) infection was performed in the State of Acre, Western Amazon, where HDV is implicated in severe hepatitis cases involving family clusters residents in forest areas that surround the rivers. However, the occurrences of these cases are circumscribed to some areas of the Acre State where HDV related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinome are also described. Objective: to investigate the prevalence of HDV antibodies (IgG and IgM) and HBV Markers (AgHBs, ant-HBs and ant-HBc) in representative samples of the population of the State, including residents of rural areas. Methods: Based on these findings, a sectional study was performed in which sera samples were collected after filling an epidemiological questionnaire. Serological markers were performed by ELISA Tests (Abbott/Organon). The HBV genotyping was determined by Sequencing S region. Results: out of 2.695 samples, 89 (3.3%) were HBsAg positive and l.628 (61.5%) were positive for the anti-HBc IgG. HDV markers were found in 47 cases (1.7%). The presence of anti-HDV was also associated with: 1) Amerindian ethnic groups; 2) lower educational level; 3) past history of acute viral hepatitis, 4) past history of malaria; 5) gender (male): 6) past history of tattooing; 7) older age. The most frequent HBV genotypes found in the studied areas were A and F with the subtypes adw2 and adw4. Conclusions: The study demonstrated the high prevalence of the HBV/HDV in Western Amazonia as well as the predominant HBV genotypes A and F. Future studies must be directed to define strategies of treatment and prevention of HBV and HDV in this hyperendemic area, mainly in relation to the Amerindian populations which seem to be highly exposed to those virusis.

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