Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Akkar est la deuxième zone agricole au Liban. Les pesticides sont utilisés de façon excessive dans les activités agricoles et en conséquence, les eaux souterraines ont été fortement contaminées. En raison d'absence d'un réseau public de distribution d'eau, les eaux souterraines sont utilisées comme principale source d’alimentation en eau potable sans aucun traitement. Cette étude se concentre sur l'évaluation de la contamination des eaux souterraines et des sols par OCPs, OPPs, ONPs et par des métaux lourds afin de mieux caractériser le niveau de contamination. L’autre partie se focalise sur l'évaluation des risques de la pollution sur la population.Des niveaux élevés de pesticides ont été détectés dans les eaux de nombreux villages. De même, des concentrations élevées d’OCPs ont été détectées dans le sol agricole. En outre, une variation significative a été observée en fonction de la profondeur du sol. Les résultats ont montré que certains pesticides, déjà interdits sont actuellement utilisés dans cette plaine. Pour compléter les travaux, les éléments traces métalliques (As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn et Cd) ont été initiés. Les résultats ont montré que les sols sont modérément pollués par le Cd. Parallèlement la prévalence des maladies nerveuses ; Anomalies congénitales et Cancer est supérieure à celle dans d'autres régions. Des corrélations significatives ont été établies entre la consommation de l'eau des puits polluée et l'apparition de ces maladies.Pour confirmer les résultats, d'autres recherches sur le niveau de pesticides dans le sang humain ou l'urine pourraient être réalisées. De plus, il est souhaitable de mieux gérer leur utilisation pour réduire les effets sur la santé humaine. / Akkar is the second agricultural zone in Lebanon. Pesticides are intensely applied in agricultural activities, and the groundwater has been reported to be highly contaminated by some pesticides. Due to the absence of a public network for water distribution, groundwater is used as the main source for drinking water of local inhabitants. The present study focus firstly on the evaluation of groundwater and soil contamination by OCPs, OPPs and ONPs and by heavy metals in order to characterize the degree of contamination. Secondly, it is focusing on the risk assessment of pollution on the population of Akkar. High levels of pesticides were detected in many villages in Akkar plain groundwater. Similarly, high concentrations of OCPs were detected in agricultural soil. A huge difference between the contamination levels in cultivated area and tillage land. Moreover, a significant variation has been established between soil depth. Results showed that some prohibited pesticides are still currently used in Akkar. To complete the background of pollution, trace metallic element As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Cd have been studied. The results showed that soils are moderately polluted by Cd. In parallel, a health study was conducted, the prevalence of nervous disorders; birth defects; cancer and other chronic diseases were exceeded those values reported in other regions. A significant correlation has been established between wells water consumption and the appearance of some diseases.More researches could be realized to identify pesticides levels in human blood or urine. Also it will be necessary to manage pesticides use in this region to reduce their effects on human health.

Bibliography: leaves 251-268. The main aim of this thesis is to determine the effects of sulfonylurea residues and in-crop usage of selected ALS-inhibiting herbicides on the growth, yield, nodulation and nitrogen fixation of legumes under alkaline conditions. Reviews literature concerning ALS-inhibiting herbicides, nitrogen fixation and the effects of herbicides on legumes, rhizobia, nodulation and nitrogen fixation; Glasshouse trial investigating the effects of flumetsulam on biomass and nodulation of chickpea; Field trail investigating the effects of sulfonylurea residues and 'in crop' usage of flumetsulam on medic shoot biomass and seed yield and the effects of chlorsulfuron residues and 'in crop' usage of flumetsulam and imazethapyr on chickpea shoot biomass, grain yield and nitrogen fixation; develops methodologies for experiments investigating the effects of ALS-inhibiting herbicides on nodulation of chickpea.

Bibliography: leaves 251-268. / xi, 268 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / The main aim of this thesis is to determine the effects of sulfonylurea residues and in-crop usage of selected ALS-inhibiting herbicides on the growth, yield, nodulation and nitrogen fixation of legumes under alkaline conditions. Reviews literature concerning ALS-inhibiting herbicides, nitrogen fixation and the effects of herbicides on legumes, rhizobia, nodulation and nitrogen fixation; Glasshouse trial investigating the effects of flumetsulam on biomass and nodulation of chickpea; Field trail investigating the effects of sulfonylurea residues and 'in crop' usage of flumetsulam on medic shoot biomass and seed yield and the effects of chlorsulfuron residues and 'in crop' usage of flumetsulam and imazethapyr on chickpea shoot biomass, grain yield and nitrogen fixation; develops methodologies for experiments investigating the effects of ALS-inhibiting herbicides on nodulation of chickpea. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Agronomy and Farming Systems, 2001

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.