本研究探討國家高等教育與國際社會體系之關係。透過比較各國高等教育的入學情況及教育目標，檢視國家高等教育組織制度化的過程。 / 本研究的理論框架建基於新制度主義之中的世界文化/社會理論。該理論提出即使各國內在社會發展狀況有所不同，高等教育的組織模式都以國際盛行的教育意識形態為參考藍本。透過審視高等教育膨脹的世界性社會現象，本研究闡釋跨國環境之內嵌存一套價值、標準及常規，促使現代社會的發展藍本趨向同一化的表述模式。 / 本研究採用比較及縱貫研究方法，進行量性及質性數據分析。量性研究結果顯示，全世界高等教育入學率有三方面持續性增長女性參與增多，社會科學學科亦有擴展，與及本科課程急速膨脹。研究結果反映入學增長的趨勢為全世界高等教育帶來組織性的改變，例如傳統高等教育的性別差異、知識組合及課程層級。本研究多變量分析結果顯示，二次大戰後的亞洲社會也有同樣趨勢，但國內發展需要及國外教育霸權主義並非亞洲地區內高等教育急速膨脹的主要因素。為了更深入探討高等教育的膨脹與組織，研究以香港社會的高等教育發展作個案分析。個案文本分析結果顯示，回歸中國以後，香港的高等教育目標包含更多對本土關注的內容，當中不乏經濟增長及社會改進的功能性規範，同時也強調現代社會對個人發展的集體想像。文本分析進一步比較香港的高等教育改革文本與其他亞洲社會的高等教育目標，結果顯示亞洲社會的高等教育改革論述愈來愈相近的趨勢。由此可見，高等教育論述的轉變，並非香港社會獨有的現象。透過比較文本分析，亞洲社會的高等教育論述說明一種強調主動參與建構公民實體的跨國價值，漸漸體現於高等教育目標的更替之間。因此，高等教育改革不僅有著推動本土社會改進的功能，高等教育亦可被視為本土或國家向跨界域跨國意識形態作出回應的集體構想。 / This study explores the relationship between national expansion of higher education and the international system. It examines the process through which countries expand higher education enrollments and reorganize goals of national higher education. / The theoretical framework of this study draws on the world culture/society theory, one of the strands from the new institutionalist perspective. Based on universalized ideas about the value of national progress and individual development, countries organize their national higher education enrollments and goals with reference to exemplary templates of world educational ideologies independent of local conditions. / In this study, both comparative and longitudinal methods are employed to conduct quantitative and qualitative analyses. The findings suggest that world-wide higher education enrollments have expanded consistently over time. Widened openings to higher education have transformed traditional classification of gender partition, knowledge categories, and program intensity. A new organization of knowledge creation and transmission is emerging with an increasing number of women, a progressive rise of social sciences, and a rapid expansion of undergraduate programs in world higher education. / The study further investigates regional variations in higher education expansion. By regional comparison, the expansion in Asia displays a consistent world pattern that is not associated with national characteristics and educational hegemony. / The expansion of higher education is elaborated in greater detail through a specific case. The findings suggest that the case of Hong Kong has moved towards a more "national" framed orientation that puts more emphasis on fulfilling the needs of human capital storage or satisfying demands from various competing social constituencies within Hong Kong society. But through a cross-national comparison of Hong Kong and some other Asian societies, the reorganized goals of Hong Kong’s higher education are also homogenous to a "model" that emphasizes economic efficiency, social betterment, and individual development. The results indicate local or national responses to the legitimated institutional rules and conventions embedded in the increasingly transnational environment. The case-based investigation into the reorganization of higher education discourses further explicates the central role that formal statement of goals play in shaping the expansion of an active and participatory model of citizenship building in Hong Kong. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Cheung, Ho Yan Yannie. / "November 2012." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.ix / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xi / Chapter / Chapter 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Notes --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO MODELS OF ORGANIZATIONAL EXPANSION IN HIGHER EDUCATION --- p.8 / Chapter A. --- Introduction --- p.8 / Chapter B. --- The World Culture/ World Society Perspectives --- p.8 / Chapter C. --- Mainstream Theoretical Approaches --- p.14 / The Normative Realist Approach --- p.15 / The Social Differentiation Realist Approach --- p.18 / Some Recent Realist Approaches (I): Rational Choice Theory --- p.21 / Some Recent Realist Approaches (II): Post-nationalist Approach --- p.23 / Chapter D. --- Summary of the Theoretical Approaches and Their Implications --- p.25 / Chapter 3 --- RESEARCH DESIGN, MEASUREMENT, AND DATA SOURCES --- p.28 / Chapter A. --- Units of Analysis --- p.28 / Chapter B. --- Variables: Measurement and Indicators --- p.28 / Chapter C. --- Data: Sources and Characteristics --- p.36 / Chapter D. --- Analysis --- p.37 / Chapter 4 --- THE EXPANSION AND ORGANIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION: 1950-2007 --- p.41 / Chapter A. --- Introduction --- p.41 / Chapter B. --- The General Trend --- p.42 / Chapter C. --- National Consistency Over Time --- p.56 / Chapter D. --- Regional Variations --- p.62 / Chapter E. --- Summary and Its Implications --- p.68 / Chapter 5 --- REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF HIGHER EDUCATION EXPANSION IN ASIA: 1950-2007 --- p.71 / Chapter A. --- Introduction --- p.71 / Chapter B. --- Multiple Regression Analyses of Higher Education Expansion in Asia: 1950-2007 --- p.71 / Chapter C. --- Results and Discussion --- p.77 / Chapter D. --- Empirical Notes and Concluding Remarks --- p.88 / Notes --- p.91 / Chapter 6 --- BORROW FROM THE WORLD AND DRESS UP THE SHOWCASE FOR ASIA: A CASE OF THE EXPANSION AND ORGANIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN HONG KONG --- p.92 / Chapter A. --- Introduction --- p.92 / Chapter B. --- A Case of Higher Education in Hong Kong --- p.93 / Chapter C. --- Reforms as Collective Projects of Individual Competence and National Development --- p.95 / Chapter D. --- Portraits of Higher Education as a Normative Good around Asia --- p.102 / Chapter E. --- Decreasing Emphasis on National Needs as the Normative Focus of Goals --- p.111 / Chapter F. --- Borrowing World Prerequisites and Making Distinct and Significant Presence in the Region --- p.120 / Chapter G. --- Mobilizing Individuals into the Collective Project of Transnationalism --- p.124 / Chapter H. --- World Knowledge Revolution Celebrating Schooled Personhood . --- p.127 / Chapter I. --- Conclusion --- p.140 / Notes --- p.143 / Chapter 7 --- CONCLUSION --- p.144 / Chapter A. --- Summary --- p.144 / Chapter B. --- Concluding Remarks --- p.146 / Chapter C. --- Theoretical Implications for Policy Making and Practice --- p.148 / Chapter D. --- Limitations of the Study and Suggestions for Further Research . --- p.150 / APPENDICES / Chapter I. --- Data Set (x) for Periods 1 (1998-2001), 2 (2002-2005), and 3 (2006-2009) --- p.153 / Chapter II. --- Country Coding for the Prevalence of Islamic Ethics and Confucian Traditions in Asia --- p.154 / Chapter III. --- Typology of World Regions --- p.155 / Chapter IV. --- List of Data Sources for the Dependent and Independent Variables . --- p.156 / Chapter V. --- Higher Education Enrollments in Hong Kong, Women and Men, 1970 2009 --- p.159 / Chapter VI. --- Country List of Most Frequent Participants in International Education Tests --- p.160 / Chapter VII. --- Types of Stakeholders Responding to the Higher Education Reform in 2002 --- p.161 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.162