Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EdailnaMMD_DISSERT.pdf: 666468 bytes, checksum: 56be2b30ec9edf1393dac92c07578278 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-23 / The preeclampsia is a disease that evolves to high death rate for the mother and for the fetus. The incidence of this disease in the world is variable and there are no data of this disturb in the Brazilian population. This paper had the objective to determine the incidence and risk factors for development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in a neighborhood in Natal, RN, Brazil, taking place a prospective study, cohort type, with the objective of evaluating the entire pregnancy of 242 women that got pregnant between 2004-2007. The incidence of hypertensive disorders was of 17%, while the incidence of preeclampsia was of 13.8%. The age average of women that developed the hypertensive disorders was of 27.4 years (SD?.9), whilst those that developed preeclampsia was of 26.6 (SD ?7.8) years and the normotensive was of 23.9 (SD?5.8) (p=0.002). It is noted a significant increase of the hypertensive disorder with age (p=0.0265). The gestational age for those who developed preeclampsia was lower than the women that developed normotensive pregnancy (p=0.0002). The body mass index (BMI) of the group of women that developed the hypertensive disorder was of 25.8 (SD?3.9), significantly higher than the group of normotensive women with 23.5 (SD?3.7) (p=0.02). The levels of triglycerides and cholesterol tended to be higher on women with preeclampsia than on normotensive, p=0.0502 and p=0.0566, respectively. Six (6) women presented with severe preeclampsia and one (1) developed HELLP Syndrome. The resolution of the pregnancy was performed by cesarean section in 70% of women that developed hypertensive disorders, whilst the normotensive was of 23.6% (p<0.0001). A subgroup of the studied subjects was reassessed one year after labor, revealing that 50% of the patients were still hypertensive. There were no larger complications nor mother death during labor. The incidence of hypertensive disorders are above the levels noted in other studies and 30% of the women were within the poles of greater risk for the hypertensive disorders; the elevated BMI in the beginning of the pregnancy is a risk factor for hypertensive disorder. The risk of severe complication in preeclampsia is high, with imminence of eclampsia occurring in 20.1% of women who developed hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. The adequate prenatal care and the opportune labor assistance may minimize the complications of the pregnancy hypertension and avoid mother death, although the risk of women remaining hypertensive is elevated / A pr?-ecl?mpsia ? uma doen?a que pode evoluir com alta morbidade tanto para a m?e quanto para o feto. A incid?ncia dessa doen?a no mundo ? vari?vel e n?o h? dados sobre esse dist?rbio em popula??o brasileira. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a incid?ncia e os fatores de riscos envolvidos nos dist?rbios hipertensivos durante a gravidez em um bairro de Natal, RN, Brasil, sendo realizado um estudo prospectivo tipo coorte, com o objetivo de avaliar o desenlace da gravidez de 242 mulheres que engravidaram entre 2004-2007, em uma ?rea delimitada. A incid?ncia dos dist?rbios hipertensivos foi de 17%, enquanto a incid?ncia de pr?-ecl?mpsia foi de 13,8%. A m?dia de idade das mulheres que evolu?ram com dist?rbio hipertensivo foi de 27,4 (DP? 7,9) anos, sendo que as que evolu?ram com pr?-ecl?mpsia foi de 26,6 (DP ?7,8) anos e as normotensas foi 23,9 (DP? 5,8), (p=0,002). ? observado um aumento significativo do dist?rbio hipertensivo com a idade (p=0,0265). A idade gestacional das mulheres que evolu?ram com pr?-ecl?mpsia foi menor que a das mulheres que evolu?ram com gravidez normotensa (p=0,0002), enquanto o ?ndice de massa corp?rea (IMC) foi maior, sendo 25,8 (DP=?3,9), ao passo que nas mulheres normotensas foi de 23,5 (DP=?3,7), (p=0,02). Os n?veis de triglicer?deos e colesterol observados foram mais elevados nas mulheres com pr?-ecl?mpsia do que nas mulheres normotensas, p=0,0502 e p=0,0566, respectivamente. Seis (6) mulheres apresentaram pr?-ecl?mpsia severa e uma (1) desenvolveu S?ndrome HELLP. A resolu??o do parto por cesariana foi realizada em 70% das mulheres que evolu?ram com dist?rbio hipertensivo, enquanto nas normotensas esse percentual foi de 23,6% (p<0,001). O seguimento, um ano ap?s o parto, revelou que 50% das mulheres com dist?rbios hipertensivos na gravidez se mant?m hipertensas. N?o houve complica??es maiores ou morte materna. A incid?ncia de dist?rbios hipertensivos e de pr?-ecl?mpsia ? elevada, sendo que 30% destas estavam situadas nas faixas de risco. O IMC elevado no in?cio da gravidez ? um fator de risco para dist?rbio hipertensivo. O risco de complica??o grave na pr?-ecl?mpsia ? elevado, com imin?ncia de ecl?mpsia ocorrido em 20,1% do total de mulheres afetadas pelo dist?rbio hipertensivo da gravidez. O adequado acompanhamento do pr?-natal e a oportuna assist?ncia ao parto podem minimizar as complica??es oriundas da hipertens?o na gravidez e evitar a morte materna, embora o risco da mulher permanecer hipertensa seja elevado