The production of dissimilar and contradictory literary discourses which originates in Latin America during the Conquest and Colonial periods has traced grave problems for literary criticism. Until the 1950's and 1960's, positivist historians and literary scholars tried to affix and evaluate this period of transatlantic transfer and acculturation without satisfactory results. The fundamental fact that had been slantedly presented by positivist historians and literary critics was the cultural shock produced by the invasion and colonization process. This cultural shock did not result in an ideal synthesis since the cultural foundations of indigenous societies were destroyed. The colonial regime incorporated advantageous aspects of the indigenous societies for its own growth and reorganized them in a disconcerting fashion for the colonized. One of the major changes to which the indigenous population was subjected was the implant of a new language. As one can clearly expect, the linguistic transference in itself produced a severe scission at the cultural level, not only from a literary perspective but from a political one as well. Semeiotically, one can propose that the sign of the new society is linguistic disjunction and that a consequence of this phenomenon is, in turn, social disjunction. The study, from an interdisciplinary perspective, analyzes the acculturation process through a close look at traditionally considered "social" oral poetic tradition and texts brought by the Spanish to America. The study of the "social" poetry in Spanish from the area today known as Peru demonstrates how these poetic discourses contribute to the acculturation process instead of fulfilling the denunciatory function of the socially oriented discourse. Ultimately, this study intends to divulge how through the use of oral and erudite European poetic tradition, the Spanish founded and established a dependent culture in the area we know as Peru and how this dependency permeates the poetry written in this area from the Sixteenth until the Twentieth century. In the Twentieth century, however, the study demonstrates through a close look at Antonio Cisneros' poetry how the contemporary Peruvian poet has taken conscience of dependency and "rewrites" Peruvian culture through truly social poetic discourse.

The American Romance is characterized by its use of memorial images which contribute in developing the form and content of its individual literary works. Readings of works by four authors who fall within the American Romance tradition--Hawthorne, James, Faulkner, and Toni Morrison--reveal a poetics of memory that operates in terms of tensions between word and image, with memory achieving apparent embodiment through the image, while the simple presence thus generated is revealed to be both contaminated and opposed by cultural codes. Through portraits, photographs, and other less concrete representations of the human countenance, characters seek to take personal possession of both themselves and others and thereby gain a form of self-possession which places them in a certain relationship to the culture. In creating verbal constructions of images, the authors also pursue a goal mirroring that of their characters. Individual chapters specifically address the way in which the written work of art's identity is reflected in the characteristics of the visual art forms it represents; the power of the memorialized image of woman; and the imaginary strategies by which the cultural authority of one written text can be defused by the written Romance that appropriates it. Works discussed are: The House of the Seven Gables, The Wings of the Dove, The Sound and the Fury, and Song of Solomon and Beloved.

This document examines Stravinsky's treatment and use of the bassoon in three of his chamber works: L'Histoire du Soldat, Octet, and Septet. The research contained within will, in part, assess the extent to which Stravinsky has affected the development of the bassoon's role in a chamber ensemble, and will provide a general evaluation of his varied treatment of the bassoon in terms of technique, range, articulation, and ensemble. Another aspect of this study considers the possibility that Stravinsky wrote for the French system bassoon. A comparison of the two types of bassoon systems will demonstrate why Stravinsky's works seem so ungrateful to many modern bassoonists who have been trained on the German system instrument.

There exists no autograph manuscript for the six suites for solo violoncello by J. S. Bach. Three manuscript copies of the suites by Anna Magdelena Bach, J. J. H. Westphal, and J. P. Kellner are available but vary in many aspects including pitches, slur markings, and scordatura tuning. These differences make it difficult for the cellist to determine what most accurately displays Bach' s intentions for performance. A version of Suite V for the lute survives in its original manuscript form by J. S. Bach. Although much of the version is not playable on the cello, due to the lute's many strings, significant and pertinent information can be gained from this manuscript. Chords, intervals, differing sequence patterns, and differing pitches are all evident when comparing the lute version with the manuscript copies. Many of the added notes from the lute version are playable on the cello and add to the resulting harmony. These playable notes are included in the Appendix in the author's own edition of the Prelude to Suite V based upon the lute score. While a cellist may not choose to follow the lute score, many questions stemming from the variances found in the manuscript copies can be made clearer. The Prelude to Suite V was written in the French overture form. There is much controversy as to the manner in which a French overture should be performed. Thus, the performance practice of the French overture style is discussed and presented. Proponents of the style feel it pertained to music of the Baroque period, irregardless if it was written by a French composer, while others feel that no such style existed and there was no basis to include Bach's music in the use of the French overture style. Both sides of the French overture style are presented and related to the performance, specifically, to the Prelude of Suite V for cello solo.

Luigi Legnani (1790-1877) was an important guitarist/composer of the early nineteenth century Italian Romantic school. In addition, he was also a highly skilled singer, violinist, and luthier. Legnani's guitar compositions represent the logical next step after Giuliani; fully evocative of the operatic vocal style characterized by Rossini, and technically adventurous in much the way Paganini's compositions were for the violin, although not to the same degree. His contributions to guitar literature form an important link in the chain of compositional and technical development during the nineteenth-century. This study is in two parts. The first will present as concise a biography as possible, particularly regarding Legnani's concert itineraries, contributions to guitar construction, and relationship with Paganini. An examination of little-known contemporary reviews of his performances will serve as a means of both documenting his concertizing and developing a concept of Legnani's performance style. The second part, an annotated performance edition of selections from Legnani's most famous composition, 36 Capricci per tutti i tuoni maggiori e minori, opus 20, will provide a basis for the understanding and successful performance of Legnani's music by modern guitarists. In conclusion, Legnani's unique contributions to both guitar composition and construction are reevaluated, and an up-to-date list of compositions appended.

This paper explores the influences of Vietnamese and Indonesian music in the piano compositions of Claude Debussy. A brief background of Debussy's formative years and of pertinent social trends in Paris at the turn-of-the-century is provided. This paper then looks at two specific musical events that affected the way Debussy composed for the piano: the Javanese and Annamite exhibits at the Exposition Universelles de 1889 and 1900 in Paris. The musical styles and timbres of these two countries are explored, backed up by accounts of what Debussy actually experienced at the Expositions. Following a look at specific musical effects used by Debussy that reveal the influence of the Orient, this paper surveys an extensive body of his piano music chronologically, focusing on compositional techniques that were learned from the Asian ensembles at the cultural exhibits of the Paris Expositions. This paper reveals the depth of the Oriental influence in Debussy's piano music.

Animation has been an integral part of the entertainment industry for over seventy years. What is it about animated films that make them just as, or even more, captivating than live-action films? While animation is most typically associated with fantasy or escapism, there is certainly an element of reality exploration that causes animation to be more believable. Through examination of this and previous creative projects, it was found that a balance of fantasy and reality exploration, along with other key factors, help to make animation successful in relating to the viewer. / Department of Telecommunications

The social internet environment has given rise to new ways of engaging and critiquing animated video. In this democratic environment, criticism is no longer exclusive to a few select recognised professional critics and there is no real distinction between professional and non-¬professional critics. The coexistence of both types of critics within the same space results in more dynamic engagement with the subject and creates the conditions for learning. Developments in technology which include cellular phones in particular but also include other devices such as tablets have allowed viewers and potential critics to access online video from any location, broadening accessibility and the scope for critical engagements. New online tools and increased internet connectivity have resulted in an explosion of animated video and critics of all kinds are needed to cater to the growing demand for criticism. This suggests that greater significance needs to be placed on self-proclaimed critics and other opinionated users of the web. This paper sets out to examine and assess the value in criticism by the new expanded audience of non¬‐professional critics. It explores interactive social tools in detail, including blogs, twitter and particularly video‐based websites to understand the manner in which they affect the reception of animated videos as well as the subsequent criticism of these videos. The main question to be addressed is whether or not valuable and relevant criticism can be accessed from various online social platforms attached to newly accessible sources for animation.

No description available.

by Simon H.H. Wong. / Bibliography: leaves [128]-135 / Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1983