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O presente estudo analisa a produção de discursos em torno da idéia de criança abusada sexualmente, analisando mais especificamente os discursos engendrados a partir da circulação dessas crianças ao longo do Sistema de Garantia de Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente. Nesse sentido, as pesquisas de Foucault são tomadas como referência, em sua proposta de realizar o empreendimento de uma história da verdade. Dessa forma, são estudados 9 (nove) processos de uma Vara Criminal da Comarca do Rio de Janeiro, onde crianças figuram como vítimas de crimes qualificados nos art. 213 e 214 (CP), especialmente os documentos nos quais ficam registrados os exames e as inquirições das crianças. Na análise de tais documentos, também são consideradas as discussões estabelecidas pelos historiadores acerca da utilização das fontes orais como ferramenta na produção histórica. Ao término das pesquisas, por um lado, as situações caracterizadas como abuso sexual intrafamiliar aparecem mais fortemente investidas de procedimentos judiciais, tendo produzido mais documentos com a fala das crianças e de outros atores, que falam sobre as crianças. Por outro lado, as crianças envolvidas em situação caracterizada como abuso extrafamiliar são submetidas somente aos procedimentos exigidos pela lei penal, apontando para a capacidade de elementos discursivos, constituintes do abuso sexual infantil, estarem produzindo uma nova figura de criminoso dentro da família: o pedófilo que abusa de seus próprios filhos. / The present study analyses the production of discourses around the idea of a sexually abused child, taking in account more specifically the discourses engendered from the circulation of these children in the System of Guarantee of Childrens and Adolescents Rights. This way, Foucaults researches are taken as reference, in his purpose to enterprise a history of the truth. Therefore, 9 (nine) lawsuits of a Criminal Court of the Judicial District of Rio de Janeiro are studied, where children are portrayed as victims of crimes qualified in the art. 213 and 214 (CP), especially the documents in which are registered the childrens exams and enquiries. The debates established among the historians about the use of oral sources as a tool in the historic production are also considered in the analysis of such documents. At the end of the researches, on one hand, the situations characterized by intrafamiliar sexual abuse appear more strongly invested of judicial proceedings, which have produced more documents with the speech of the children and of other actors who speak about the children. On the other hand, the children involved in situations characterized by extrafamiliar abuse are only submitted to procedures which are required by criminal law, suggesting that the capacity of elements of discourse that constitute the children sexual abuse, has been producing a new profile of criminal inside the families: the pedophile who abuses their own children.

O presente estudo analisa a produção de discursos em torno da idéia de criança abusada sexualmente, analisando mais especificamente os discursos engendrados a partir da circulação dessas crianças ao longo do Sistema de Garantia de Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente. Nesse sentido, as pesquisas de Foucault são tomadas como referência, em sua proposta de realizar o empreendimento de uma história da verdade. Dessa forma, são estudados 9 (nove) processos de uma Vara Criminal da Comarca do Rio de Janeiro, onde crianças figuram como vítimas de crimes qualificados nos art. 213 e 214 (CP), especialmente os documentos nos quais ficam registrados os exames e as inquirições das crianças. Na análise de tais documentos, também são consideradas as discussões estabelecidas pelos historiadores acerca da utilização das fontes orais como ferramenta na produção histórica. Ao término das pesquisas, por um lado, as situações caracterizadas como abuso sexual intrafamiliar aparecem mais fortemente investidas de procedimentos judiciais, tendo produzido mais documentos com a fala das crianças e de outros atores, que falam sobre as crianças. Por outro lado, as crianças envolvidas em situação caracterizada como abuso extrafamiliar são submetidas somente aos procedimentos exigidos pela lei penal, apontando para a capacidade de elementos discursivos, constituintes do abuso sexual infantil, estarem produzindo uma nova figura de criminoso dentro da família: o pedófilo que abusa de seus próprios filhos. / The present study analyses the production of discourses around the idea of a sexually abused child, taking in account more specifically the discourses engendered from the circulation of these children in the System of Guarantee of Childrens and Adolescents Rights. This way, Foucaults researches are taken as reference, in his purpose to enterprise a history of the truth. Therefore, 9 (nine) lawsuits of a Criminal Court of the Judicial District of Rio de Janeiro are studied, where children are portrayed as victims of crimes qualified in the art. 213 and 214 (CP), especially the documents in which are registered the childrens exams and enquiries. The debates established among the historians about the use of oral sources as a tool in the historic production are also considered in the analysis of such documents. At the end of the researches, on one hand, the situations characterized by intrafamiliar sexual abuse appear more strongly invested of judicial proceedings, which have produced more documents with the speech of the children and of other actors who speak about the children. On the other hand, the children involved in situations characterized by extrafamiliar abuse are only submitted to procedures which are required by criminal law, suggesting that the capacity of elements of discourse that constitute the children sexual abuse, has been producing a new profile of criminal inside the families: the pedophile who abuses their own children.

This thesis explores and evaluates the work of James Joyce using the ideas of Friedrich Nietzsche. It does so not only by examining Joyce's knowledge of Nietzsche's writings, but also through demonstrating how effectively they can illuminate Joyce's themes and techniques, and aid in a general reconceptualisation of his literary project. My analysis draws on several of Nietzsche's key concepts - perspectivism, ressentiment, the will to power - and applies them to Joyce's work. The main idea I use however is the will to truth. I argue that Joyce's primary concern as an artist was the depiction of what he saw as the truth of contemporary existence, in Dublin and more generally. This aim determines his technē, the origin and form of his work of art. Various manifestations of irony, a key element of Joyce's technique, help illustrate the importance of this will to truth. This understanding of his work eliminates the false division between form and content and through an emphasis on Joyce's artistry and philosophy, rather than the historical context in which he wrote (that is, on the author rather than the man), allows for a truly critical assessment. The five chapters that follow my introduction are chronologically ordered. They examine the early works, Dubliners, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, and especially Ulysses, in considerable detail and from various angles. Though careful to respect the individuality of each, my analyses find a common thread of realism uniting the three major works of prose fiction; beginning with the French naturalism of the short stories, moving on to a new development of perspectival irony and a unique mode of allegory in his first novel, and ending in what Joyce called 'the new realism' of his epic. My study then explains how and why realism is problematised in the later chapters of Ulysses as the will to truth comes to question itself. The thesis concludes with an assessment of Finnegans Wake, considering how it marks a radical departure from Joyce's earlier practice, and why I regard it a failure.