Introdução. A tuberculose pulmonar é uma doença para a qual no decorrer do tempo muitos tratamentos foram usados na tentativa de conseguir o seu controle. O advento dos quimioterápicos, em meados de 1940, que associados à melhoria de condições de vida fez com que ocorresse um decréscimo acentuado do número de óbitos, principalmente em países desenvolvidos. Entretanto, ainda hoje existem problemas em relação ao controle da doença. Algumas questões surgem em relação à prevenção, tratamento e controle. Um dos aspectos questionados neste trabalho é a necessidade do repouso, que por muito tempo foi utilizado e que continua sendo apesar de existirem vários estudos sobre os efeitos deletérios do repouso prolongado. Objetivo. Este trabalho visa verificar alterações relacionadas com o repouso prolongado em paciente com tuberculose pulmonar internados em um hospital de longa permanência e outro de curta permanência na cidade de São Paulo. Métodos. Foi realizado um estudo transversal descritivo, por meio de um questionário de avaliação fisioterapêutica especificamente elaborado para o estudo, compreendendo avaliações através de palpações, mensurações usando aparelhos específicos e entrevistas com perguntas abertas e fechadas. Resultados. Foi observado que 40 por cento dos indivíduos enContravam-se desnutridos, 40 por cento apresentavam déficit de marcha, 49 por cento apresentavam-se taquicárdicos, 60 por cento apresentavam-se com expansibilidade diminuída e 56 por cento apresentavam algum grau de dor. Conclusões. Na variação dos sistemas observou-se que no sistema gastrointestinal houve a maior variação positiva (+0.21). No sistema cardiovascular houve a maior variação negativa (-0.16), observou-se ainda que 52 por cento dos indivíduos analisados apresentaram algum grau de imobilismo, sugerindo que o repouso adotado como prática terapêutica pode ser prejudicial nesta população. / Introduction. A long time many treatment had been used to obtain the control the lung tuberculosis. The advent of chemeotherapy, around 1940 years, that associate to the improvement of life conditions results in a accented reduction of death, especialy in developed countries. However, nowadays there are problems to about to control this disease. Some questions arise to about the prevention, treatment and control. One of the aspects questioned in this research is the necessity of the rest, that for a long time was and continues used although to have some research to about the deleterious effects of the longest rest. Objective. This research to aims to verify alterations related with the longest rest in patient with lung tuberculosis admitted to the long permanence hospital and another one in short permanence hospital in São Paulo city. Methodos. A descriptive transversal research was executed, through phisiotherapist evaluation questionnaire specifically elaborated for this research, with evaluation through palpation, mensuration, using especific equipments and interviews with open and close questions. Results. 40 per cent of the patients were with malnutricion, 40 per cent were with walk problems, 49 per cent were with high cardiac frequency, 60 per cent were with low expansibility of chest and 56 per cent were with some degree of pain. Conclusions. Gastrointestinal system had the biggest positiva variation (+0.21). Cardiovascular system had the biggest negativa variation (-0.16), 52 per cent of patients had some degree of immobilism, suggesting that the adopted rest as therapeutical practical could be harmful in this population.

Introdução. A tuberculose pulmonar é uma doença para a qual no decorrer do tempo muitos tratamentos foram usados na tentativa de conseguir o seu controle. O advento dos quimioterápicos, em meados de 1940, que associados à melhoria de condições de vida fez com que ocorresse um decréscimo acentuado do número de óbitos, principalmente em países desenvolvidos. Entretanto, ainda hoje existem problemas em relação ao controle da doença. Algumas questões surgem em relação à prevenção, tratamento e controle. Um dos aspectos questionados neste trabalho é a necessidade do repouso, que por muito tempo foi utilizado e que continua sendo apesar de existirem vários estudos sobre os efeitos deletérios do repouso prolongado. Objetivo. Este trabalho visa verificar alterações relacionadas com o repouso prolongado em paciente com tuberculose pulmonar internados em um hospital de longa permanência e outro de curta permanência na cidade de São Paulo. Métodos. Foi realizado um estudo transversal descritivo, por meio de um questionário de avaliação fisioterapêutica especificamente elaborado para o estudo, compreendendo avaliações através de palpações, mensurações usando aparelhos específicos e entrevistas com perguntas abertas e fechadas. Resultados. Foi observado que 40 por cento dos indivíduos enContravam-se desnutridos, 40 por cento apresentavam déficit de marcha, 49 por cento apresentavam-se taquicárdicos, 60 por cento apresentavam-se com expansibilidade diminuída e 56 por cento apresentavam algum grau de dor. Conclusões. Na variação dos sistemas observou-se que no sistema gastrointestinal houve a maior variação positiva (+0.21). No sistema cardiovascular houve a maior variação negativa (-0.16), observou-se ainda que 52 por cento dos indivíduos analisados apresentaram algum grau de imobilismo, sugerindo que o repouso adotado como prática terapêutica pode ser prejudicial nesta população. / Introduction. A long time many treatment had been used to obtain the control the lung tuberculosis. The advent of chemeotherapy, around 1940 years, that associate to the improvement of life conditions results in a accented reduction of death, especialy in developed countries. However, nowadays there are problems to about to control this disease. Some questions arise to about the prevention, treatment and control. One of the aspects questioned in this research is the necessity of the rest, that for a long time was and continues used although to have some research to about the deleterious effects of the longest rest. Objective. This research to aims to verify alterations related with the longest rest in patient with lung tuberculosis admitted to the long permanence hospital and another one in short permanence hospital in São Paulo city. Methodos. A descriptive transversal research was executed, through phisiotherapist evaluation questionnaire specifically elaborated for this research, with evaluation through palpation, mensuration, using especific equipments and interviews with open and close questions. Results. 40 per cent of the patients were with malnutricion, 40 per cent were with walk problems, 49 per cent were with high cardiac frequency, 60 per cent were with low expansibility of chest and 56 per cent were with some degree of pain. Conclusions. Gastrointestinal system had the biggest positiva variation (+0.21). Cardiovascular system had the biggest negativa variation (-0.16), 52 per cent of patients had some degree of immobilism, suggesting that the adopted rest as therapeutical practical could be harmful in this population.

In last two decades medicine and nursery have experienced many reforms. In-patients are regarded self-contained human beings, persons with biopsychosocial needs. The holistic approach of human reflects also in paediatrics. After 1990 family has become a part of medical and nursery process. In case of a child hospitalisation contacts of the child and his/her family are not constrainedly interrupted but on the contrary there occurs a possibility of a common stay of children and parents or other persons caring for the child. For my Diploma Thesis I chose the theme: ``Stay of a child in hospital in terms of an accompanying person.`` This thesis contains two parts, the theoretical and empirical one. The theoretical part is divided into nine chapters. The first chapter is devoted to history of common hospitalisation of a child and his/her mother, the second one describes hospitalisation of a child with an accompanying person at present. In other chapters there are described rights of a child and accompanying persons, individual development periods of a child in connection with a disease and hospitalisation, what effect do disease or pain have on the child and reaction of the child to hospitalisation. Following chapters are devoted to the nursery process at children{\crq}s department and to medical care organisation in the Czech Republic. The empirical part is focused on finding out the level of satisfaction with the nursery care for a hospitalised child in terms of an accompanying person, which was directly the objective of the Diploma Thesis. The research proceeded in form of a quantitative investigation using a questionnaire survey. To complete and perfect the information obtained I used the qualitative investigation which proceeded in form of a depth interview. In conclusion it is possible to say that all the four hypotheses proved true: the hypothesis 1 An accompanying person is satisfied with the nursery care for a child in hospital. Hypothesis 2 An accompanying person provides a positive evaluation of the approach of nurses , the hypothesis 3 An accompanying person when staying in hospital is sufficiently informed about the child patient regime and the hypothesis 4 An accompanying person is satisfied with the environment of the department. In interviews the respondents mentioned often a missing alarm system in rooms to be the biggest negative of the common stay of a child and an accompanying person in hospital, which means insufficient contact with a nurse in case of a need of an assistance. The respondents liked the most being sufficiently informed about the child patient regime. It will be possible to use the results of the Diploma Thesis for evaluation of quality of the nursery care at children` departments and for proposal of corrective measures in the relevant area, which should lead to increase of satisfaction in the area of care for a hospitalised child and accompanying person.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.