Abstract Since the peasant laborer community are the special social stratum which mainland China reform in system reforming has appeared, the so-called peasant laborer who on the occupation activities non-agricultural production in the rural enterprise or the cities, but the registered permanent address still in the countryside, the status was still farmer's worker. At present peasant laborer's scale has surpassed 140,000,000 populations, and forms a fixed social stratum in mainland China. These belong to the countryside labor force originally, along with the reform advancement, get out the countryside, places oneself row of in the city workers, also the population grows day by day. The labor force massive flowing bring popular rising problems, no matter it will be paying the more social cost to the city or the village, if the popular uprising question want to have the basic solution, not only need the law, but also promote the labor market to be perfect, enables the labor force the flowing to move towards outside the standardization, needs to begin to relieve exists since long ago in China's city and countryside dual system. The city farmer worker social security systems establishment is a project which an item so complex, not only it involves to the city and countryside many original system reforms and the innovation, but also involves to the social benefit and resources redistributing.Needs the conformity country, the society and individual strength. Farm labors, working in the cities as well as employed by industrial manufacturers, and have to face the same living standard and vocational risks as urban citizens, but they can¡¦t obtain the same social security welfare. When they had profession injury, illness or being unemployed, mostly they would face poverty and the deterioration of basic living standard. If farm labors¡¦ social security can implement in China will relate to the China stability, growth, and transformation and establishment of harmonized society.