The global commitment by governments throughout the world to scaling up access to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in response to the crisis imposed by the HIV epidemic has resulted in a large number of people living with Human Immune-deficiency Virus (HIV) worldwide. According to statistics provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), there were approximately 35 million people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in 2012.1This large number of PLWHIV observed in recent years reflects the life-prolonging benefit effects of ART. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH) / MSc / Unrestricted