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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A luz invisivel : o conceito de analogia na doutrina natural e moral de James Hutton

Gonçalves, Pedro Wagner, 1958- 22 July 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Roberto Romano / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-22T21:10:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Goncalves_PedroWagner_D.pdf: 13091114 bytes, checksum: a18d10b3c35a6c8bb28a4597dbdeee8a (MD5) Previous issue date: 1997 / Resumo: James Hutton, 1726-1797, pensador e naturalista britânico, contribuiu para diversificados assuntos de filosofia e ciência. Ele foi algumas vezes considerado apenas teórico e alheio aos problemas práticos de sua época. Nesta tese, defendo interpretação contrária: esse autor realizou uma cuidadosa reflexão sobre problemas práticos e teóricos de seu tempo e nunca lhe bastou a simplicidade, a explicação rápida ou desprovida de bases empíricas. Em todos os campos que seus escritos se referem, a análise das aparências é parte crucial de sua doutrina. Leitor atento de seus contemporâneos e da antigüidade clássica, reinterpretou o mundo baseado na síntese entre fórmulas gerais, correntes em sua época, e na coleta de dados nos campos natural e social. Quais foram os campos principais a que se dedicou, quais eram suas referências culturais e como Hutton se situa no cenário filosófico? Persegui equacionar estes problemas no desenrolar de minha pesquisa. Para tanto, levantei e descrevi as manifestações das imagens analógicas largamente usadas pelo mencionado autor principalmente em seus escritos cosmo lógicos e filosóficos. O emprego destas metáforas aclara que tais noções migram intensamente da análise moral para a natural e vice versa. Seu compromisso com o experimento conduziu-o à noção científica de virtude nos estudos morais e sociais. A virtude se baseou sobre a análise científica da sociedade e sua teoria da analogia projetou uma concepção otimista sobre o futuro da ciência, do homem e da filosofia. Por meio de sua linguagem, Hutton revelou os débitos com o pensamento moderno e com a antigüidade clássica / Abstract: In the second half of eighteenth century, James Hutton (1726-1797), a British naturalist, developed different subjects in science and philosophy and he has been recognized as a leader of modem geology. Although he was sometimes considered merely a theoretical philosopher and an alien man in front of the practical problems of his time. I defend opposite interpretation: he was a careful thinker conceming practical and theoretical questions and he never accepted the simplicity of quick answers or insufficient empirical data. AlI themes which he dedicated are references to analyse appearances as the crucial part of his doctrines. He was attentive reader of his contemporaries and of the classical antiquity and from them he lent many concepts but he made general formula with them to interpret his own epoch. These general formula were reunited with a large colIection of data in natural and social subjects. Which were his main subjects and intelIectual interests, which were his cultural references and how Hutton locate him .in philosophical scenery? I folIowed to enlighten these questions by means ofmetaphors which were presented by Hutton's original texts, I mainly explored the notion of ~alogy. I privileged the diversified use of the analogy in natural and cosmological subjects. I show up as some notions migrated from natural analysis to moral subjects and vice versa: there is a exchange of the concepts between these two fields. His compromise with the experiment leaded him to the scientific notion of virtue in social and moral studies. Hutton's theory of analogy was applied to base on the scientific analysis of society. He used his knowledge of natural history and chemistry and he projected the optimism of Enlightenment era. He simultaneously revealed his debts with JoOO Locke, David Hume and classical thinkers (mainly of the Stoics) / Doutorado / Doutor em Filosofia

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