M.Phil. / This study identifies and evaluates dynamic models used to characterise the dynamic stiffness and phase angle of hydraulic elastomeric mounts that are primarily used as engine and operator cab isolators in vehicular applications. Linear models developed for hydraulic elastomeric mounts are analysed for their suitability to be used to characterise the dynamic stiffness and its phase angle in the low and high frequency range. A sensitivity analysis provides insight into the parameters with a high level of sensitivity to changes in model parameters. The models selected from the linear analysis are enhanced and updated by performing a quasi-linear analysis to compensate for the dynamic behaviour of certain parameters. Non-linear dynamic behaviour of the decoupler is also investigated. These models are then verified experimentally. To set-up an analytical model that can be used to predict the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic elastomeric mount it is necessary to develop a physical model from which the system differential equations are extracted. From the physical model flow continuity equations and fluid momentum equations are developed to obtain an expression that describe the fluid response in the inertia track and decoupler respectively. Lumped parameter mechanical models are developed next from which equivalent differential equations are derived to describe the internal dynamics of the hydraulic mount. These differential equations along with the transmitted force equation directly derived from the physical model are used to develop the dynamic stiffness transfer function. Time domain input displacement and output transmitted force data are taken at a specific frequency and amplitude, and are used to generate hysteresis loops to extract the dynamic stiffness and phase angles. For most of the computational effort, both analytical and experimental, MATLAB programs are written to perform curve fitting, FFT calculation, numerical integration and dynamical simulation. Emphasis is placed on the dynamic considerations of hydraulic mount design in the automotive industry and where machines are subjected to shock and vibration. The results and techniques used to model and the mounts are useful to designers in the field of shock and vibration isolation. Finally, the aim of the work is to keep the dynamic models as simple as possible, to be used effectively in the identification of the structural dynamic characteristics of hydraulic elastomeric mounts. To avoid complexity two models are used to describe the dynamics of the mount, one model for the low frequency, large amplitude conditions and one for the high frequency, small amplitude conditions. The information is then used to determine how the mount will respond under certain dynamical conditions.

In some U.S. coal mining operations, the available production capacity is limited by existing mechanical hoisting systems rather than mining methods. This thesis presents a research effort to supplement existing mechanical hoisting with a hydraulic hoisting system. The purpose is to overcome limitations of the mechanical hoisting system in order to attain the maximum production capacity of the coal mine. The research objectives are: to conduct a parametric study of hydraulic hoisting systems combined with mechanical hoisting methods in different mining situations; to develop models, functions, and indices for use in practical design, and; to develop procedures for estimating the technical and economic factors of supplementary hydraulic hoisting systems. This research is expected to offer an objective approach which can increase the production capacity and reduce operating costs of coal mines. / Master of Science

Nessa pesquisa, a metodologia da Arqueologia Industrial permitiu a análise da cultura material, da ordem urbana implantada no final do século XIX, na cidade de São Paulo, que proporcionou, uma nova configuração da vida aos seus cidadãos, com mudanças de comportamento, decorrentes da introdução de estruturas de saneamento, com a adoção de novos materiais construtivos e a conseqüente melhoria das condições de higiene e saúde, que atenderam as aspirações da elite dirigente. É fundamental a compreensão da atuação das empresas que chamaram a si, a importante tarefa da captação e distribuição de água para sua população, a Companhia Cantareira de Águas e Esgotos, fundada em 1877, de capital privado, encampada, em 1893, pela Repartição de Águas e Esgotos, com diretrizes diversas na tentativa de solucionar o problema, que já se tornava endêmico na capital paulistana. Nesse esforço concentrado, foram construídos na Serra da Cantareira, obras consideradas verdadeiros desafios para a engenharia da época, como reservatórios de acumulação, represas, aquedutos, e linhas adutoras, que chegavam à rede distribuidora, formando uma verdadeira artéria ao longo da cidade. Para o resgate dessa "herança da água", hoje praticamente abandonada, foi necessária a elaboração de um inventário, onde se registrou, a localização, o estado atual, suas alterações ao longo do tempo, que resultaram na proposição de medidas de proteção e salvaguarda desse patrimônio. Nesse contexto, é possível compreender até onde a São Paulo daquela época, que ocupava uma posição de dependência tecnológica em relação às outras metrópoles, com a importação de equipamentos hidráulicos, começa a esboçar uma reação, que incentiva a indústria paulista a fabricar esses materiais, processo esse, embrião da transformação da cidade tradicional em cidade capitalista. / This research project used Industrial Archeology to analyze the material urban culture that existed in the city of São Paulo at the end of the 19th Century, which changed the configuration of the lives of those living in the city and changed the behavior of its citizens by implementing city sanitation systems and using new materials of construction that improved health and hygiene conditions, thus meeting the aspirations of the ruling elite. In order to understand this process we must first understand the role of the company that took it upon itself to develop a water collection and distribution system to serve the city. Companhia Cantareira de Águas e Esgotos was a private company established in 1877. In 1893 the Water and Sewer Department took over the company and instituted numerous guidelines in order to try and solve a problem that was already endemic in the capital city of São Paulo. As part of this focused effort, a number of structures were built in the Cantareira Mountains, such as reservoirs, aqueducts and pipelines reaching the distribution network. These were true engineering challenges at the time and the result was a network of arteries covering much of the city. In order to recover this "water heritage", practically abandoned today, we had to first conduct an inventory that recorded the existing remnants of this structure, including its location, current state of repair, and changes over time. The end product is a list of protection measures to safeguard this heritage. Within this context it is possible to understand when São Paulo, which had been technologically dependent on other major cities and imported all of its hydraulic equipment, started to react and encourage local industry to manufacture such goods. This process was the seed that helped transform São Paulo from a traditional to a capitalist city.

Nessa pesquisa, a metodologia da Arqueologia Industrial permitiu a análise da cultura material, da ordem urbana implantada no final do século XIX, na cidade de São Paulo, que proporcionou, uma nova configuração da vida aos seus cidadãos, com mudanças de comportamento, decorrentes da introdução de estruturas de saneamento, com a adoção de novos materiais construtivos e a conseqüente melhoria das condições de higiene e saúde, que atenderam as aspirações da elite dirigente. É fundamental a compreensão da atuação das empresas que chamaram a si, a importante tarefa da captação e distribuição de água para sua população, a Companhia Cantareira de Águas e Esgotos, fundada em 1877, de capital privado, encampada, em 1893, pela Repartição de Águas e Esgotos, com diretrizes diversas na tentativa de solucionar o problema, que já se tornava endêmico na capital paulistana. Nesse esforço concentrado, foram construídos na Serra da Cantareira, obras consideradas verdadeiros desafios para a engenharia da época, como reservatórios de acumulação, represas, aquedutos, e linhas adutoras, que chegavam à rede distribuidora, formando uma verdadeira artéria ao longo da cidade. Para o resgate dessa "herança da água", hoje praticamente abandonada, foi necessária a elaboração de um inventário, onde se registrou, a localização, o estado atual, suas alterações ao longo do tempo, que resultaram na proposição de medidas de proteção e salvaguarda desse patrimônio. Nesse contexto, é possível compreender até onde a São Paulo daquela época, que ocupava uma posição de dependência tecnológica em relação às outras metrópoles, com a importação de equipamentos hidráulicos, começa a esboçar uma reação, que incentiva a indústria paulista a fabricar esses materiais, processo esse, embrião da transformação da cidade tradicional em cidade capitalista. / This research project used Industrial Archeology to analyze the material urban culture that existed in the city of São Paulo at the end of the 19th Century, which changed the configuration of the lives of those living in the city and changed the behavior of its citizens by implementing city sanitation systems and using new materials of construction that improved health and hygiene conditions, thus meeting the aspirations of the ruling elite. In order to understand this process we must first understand the role of the company that took it upon itself to develop a water collection and distribution system to serve the city. Companhia Cantareira de Águas e Esgotos was a private company established in 1877. In 1893 the Water and Sewer Department took over the company and instituted numerous guidelines in order to try and solve a problem that was already endemic in the capital city of São Paulo. As part of this focused effort, a number of structures were built in the Cantareira Mountains, such as reservoirs, aqueducts and pipelines reaching the distribution network. These were true engineering challenges at the time and the result was a network of arteries covering much of the city. In order to recover this "water heritage", practically abandoned today, we had to first conduct an inventory that recorded the existing remnants of this structure, including its location, current state of repair, and changes over time. The end product is a list of protection measures to safeguard this heritage. Within this context it is possible to understand when São Paulo, which had been technologically dependent on other major cities and imported all of its hydraulic equipment, started to react and encourage local industry to manufacture such goods. This process was the seed that helped transform São Paulo from a traditional to a capitalist city.