Orientador: Sérgio Valdir Bajay / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T18:35:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gomes_ElisadePodesta_M.pdf: 7431510 bytes, checksum: e7a85003e392f6d271fdc2dc2e9db379 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O desenvolvimento de um país exige energia. Ela está presente em diferentes formas ao nosso redor, seja na lâmpada que ilumina o nosso ambiente de trabalho, no combustível dos veículos, ou em todos os processos de produção industrial. Este trabalho foca a geração de energia elétrica proveniente de usinas hidrelétricas através da repotenciação. Repotenciar é o ato de melhorar os parâmetros atuais de uma usina, seja aumentando sua capacidade instalada, ou seu fator de capacidade, seja melhorando o rendimento, ou as características mecânicas/elétricas das suas máquina. A automação também é um fator importante nas repotenciações de hoje. Repotenciar demanda um prazo muito menor do que a construção de uma usina nova, além de não gerar impactos ambientais adicionais e possuir menor custo. As usinas brasileiras estão envelhecendo e precisam passar por algum processo de modernização para manter (ou aumentar) sua geração. Neste trabalho são apresentados os vários tipos de repotenciações possíveis e os componentes envolvidos em uma usina, assim como se estima a capacidade instalada das usinas hidrelétricas brasileiras mais adequadas para uma repotenciação. Exemplos de repotenciações no País e no exterior são discutidos, com destaque para trabalhos realizados pela Andritz Hydro. As barreiras hoje existentes para uma maior difusão do processo de repotenciação no Brasil são analisadas, e possíveis estratégias para eliminar estes obstáculos são propostas / Abstract: The development of a country requires energy. It is present in different forms around us, in the lamp that illuminates our workplace, in the vehicles' fuels, or in all industrial processes. The focus of this study is the electricity generation coming from hydropower plants through rehabilitation. The latter is the act of improving the current parameters of a power station, increasing the plant's installed capacity or capacity factor, or else, improving the machines' efficiency, or their mechanical/electrical characteristics. Automation is also an important factor in rehabilitations nowadays. Rehabilitation demands much less time than building a new power station; besides, it does not generate additional environmental impacts and has lower costs. Brazilian power stations are aging and need to go through modernization processes in order to keep (or increase) their generation. In this study, the possible rehabilitation types and the power plant components involved are presented. It is estimated the installed capacity power for the most adequated hydro power stations in Brazil regarding rehabilitation project. Examples of rehabilitations in the country and abroad are discussed, particularly some of them carried out by Andritz Hydro. The current barriers for a larger diffusion of the rehabilitation process in Brazil are assessed, and possible strategies to eliminate these obstacles are proposed / Mestrado / Planejamento de Sistemas Energeticos / Mestra em Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos

The purpose of this diploma work is to predict the action of the swirl turbine in a siphonal configuration using the potential energy provided by the river Úpa near the city Jaroměř. The hydraulic predictions of the turbine impellor were based on calculation made using the CFD program Fluent. The measurement of the draft tube and the strength calculations of the turbine blade and spindle are based upon the theories, experiments and finally on the knowledge gained from the test models constructed. The results of this project can be used when considering the viability of a small hydraulic power plant.

The diploma thesis should identify inconsistencies of the small hydraulic power plant Katovice. The fountain water turbine is now running in slower delivery because the original Francis high speed turbine achieved much smaller flow than a Kaplan type turbine. The aim of the thesis is a project of a spiral case and a distributor for the Kaplan turbine, which should work in higher flow and should be run in its optimum. This project will serve as a base for construction of distributor and spiral case for the small hydraulic power plant Katovice.

The current model for electricity generation is based on power plants connected to the transmission network. This provides electricity to the distribution network and after that to the consumers. To ensure the security of the electrical network and prevent a blackout, the performance of every electricity generation unit connected to the network is quantified in grid codes. In the case of the French transmission system, the requirements regarding the performance are written in a document produced by the French Transmission System Operator (TSO). Various events with various configurations of connection to the network have to be simulated and the corresponding performance has to be evaluated. The aim of these simulations is to determine the stability of the generators and key elements, including the response time on the active power after events such as a short circuit.Taking into account the amount of generators connected to the transmission network, the need for optimization appears and is the purpose of this Master Thesis. To perform those simulations in an efficient way on all the generators owned by the main French electricity producer, EDF, this Master Thesis contributes with a tool called AuDySim coded with the softwares MATLAB and EUROSTAG. The implemented tool allows the user to configure an electricity generation unit before realizing all the simulations specified by the TSO and produces a report containing the results by means of curves and data. The simulations and the production of the report are achieved automatically to create a gain of time and resources.In order to validate the performance of the tool, two case studies are performed on different types of power plants. The two case studies analyzed present a hydraulic and a nuclear power plant. In the results the performance of each type of power plant is assessed focusing on the rotor angle stability of the machine and key elements, such as the voltage and the active power. These results lead to the conclusion that AuDySim fulfills its mission, by achieving automatically an analysis of the performance of an electrical generation unit and producing it in a report. / Den nuvarande elproduktionsmodellen baseras på kraftverk som är direktkopplade till stamnätet. Stamnätet i sin tur matar distributionsnätet som därefter levererar el till slutkonsumenterna. För att säkerställa stamnätets integritet samt säkerhet och undvika strömavbrott kvantifieras prestandan hos varje generator som är ansluten till det med hjälp av nätkoder. När det gäller det franska stamnätet skrivs prestandakraven i ett dokument som utfärdas av den franska transmissionssystemoperatören (TSO). Olika händelser med olika anslutningskonfigurationer måste simuleras där dess prestanda ska utvärderats. Syftet med dessa simuleringar är att identifiera stabiliteten vid varje elproduktionsenhet med bl. a. dess reaktionstid för den aktiva effekten efter kortslutningar.Med tanke på antalet generatorer som är anslutna till stamnätet framträder ett behov för överföringsoptimering vilket är syftet med detta examensarbete. För att utföra dessa simuleringar på ett effektivt sätt på alla generatorer som ägs av den ledande franska elproducenten, EDF, bidrar denna avhandling med ett verktyg som heter AuDySim kodat i mjukvarorna MATLAB och EUROSTAG. Verktyget gör det möjligt för användaren att konfigurera en elproduktionsenhet innan man utför alla simuleringar som specificeras av TSO:n och samtidigt producerar en rapport som innehåller grafisk- och data resultat. Både simuleringar och rapporten produceras automatiskt för att optimera en bearbetningstid och resursanvändning.För att validera verktygets prestanda utförs två fallstudier på olika typer av kraftverk. De två fallstudierna fokuserar på ett hydraulisk- respektive ett kärnkraftverk. I resultaten utvärderas prestanda för varje typ av kraftverk, med fokus på maskinens rotorvinkelstabilitet och andra viktiga faktorer, såsom spänning och aktiv effekt. Resultat leder till slutsatsen att AuDySim uppfyller sitt uppdrag genom att automatiskt analysera prestanda hos en elektrisk generationsenhet och presentera analysen i en rapport.