Thesis (Ph. D.)--Catholic University of America, 1932. / Vita. Bibliography: p. 21.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1965. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

This thesis presents observations from the Bosphorus (Strait of Istanbul), Turkey, made to study the effects of mixing, entrainment and frictionally induced shear on the dynamics of an exchange flow. The well known two-layer structure with an upper layer of brackish Black Sea water over an opposing undercurrent of salty Mediterranean water was observed. It is likely that the exchange was maximal as it seemed to be bounded by two hydraulic controls at the strait's ends; a sill control at the Black Sea was readily identifiable and the exchange also appeared to be controlled at the south exit toward the Sea of Marmara. The lower layer lost 15 to 20% of its volume to the upper layer because of upward mixing caused by interfacial shear and turbulence created at bends and lateral protuberances. The exchange was quasi-steady, except during a so-called Orkoz when strong winds caused a reversal of the upper layer flow. Between the controls the interface sloped steeply throughout the strait indicating that mass and momentum exchange between the layers and friction along the interface and sidewalls were important. The hydraulics of a single layer flow with entrainment is examined with a reduced gravity model. Expressions are derived for the local change of layer thickness and Froude number as function of the entrainment velocity. It is shown that entrainment, like friction, acts to force the flow toward criticality, although the layer thickness can increase if the Froude number is smaller than 1/2. For certain Froude numbers the effects of friction and entrainment on the layer thickness and the hydraulic state of the flow are found to be of comparable magnitude. A two-layer model with entrainment is developed. Predicted and observed interfacial slopes are found to be in reasonable agreement. The classical definition of hydraulic control assumes layers with uniform velocity so that further consideration is required if there is frictionally induced shear as observed in the Bosphorus. If a shear flow preserves the shape of its velocity profile, a standard formula suggests that hydraulic control is achieved when the depth-averaged flow speed is less than ( gh)1/2. On the other hand, shallow water waves have a speed relative to the mean flow of more than (gh)1/2, suggesting that information could propagate upstream. This apparent paradox is solved by showing that the internal stress required to maintain a constant velocity profile depends on flow derivatives, thus altering the wave speed without introducing damping. By contrast, an inviscid shear flow does not maintain the same profile shape, but is shown to exhibit hydraulic control when the depth-averaged speed equals the inviscid long wave speed. In the Bosphorus the similarity assumption was found to approximately hold indicating that hydraulic control could not be defined using classical inviscid theory. / Graduate

The Genetic Algorithm was used to estimate the hydraulic compliance of the hydraulic system on the UBC teleoperated heavy duty excavator. Using real recorded and simulation data from the excavator, the Genetic Algorithm has successfully identified the compliance of single link and multi-link hydraulic system of the excavator. A Parallel GA ( PGA ) was implemented with 16 T800 Transputers. It achieved a speedup factor of 12 over a traditional GA. With such a high speedup factor, real-time monitoring of hydraulic compliance and other hydraulic parameters is becoming possible. New mechanisms such as the distributed fitness function, the active error analysis were used to enhance the performance of a PGA. A PGA which incorporated these mechanisms actually outperformed a traditional GA in key areas such as variance of the estimated parameter and parameter tracking ability. Finally, a physical model that explains the fundamental properties of GAs was introduced. The physical model ( a hypercube ) not only provides an excellent explanation of GAs searching power, but also gives insight to GAs users ways to improve and to predict the performance of GAs in most applications. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of / Graduate

The hydraulics of two phase flow of capsule - liquid mixtures is investigated experimentally and analytically. The technology of hydraulic transportation of solid capsules in pipes is advanced to the point of practical feasibility by the development and successful operation of experimental equipment in the laboratory. This involves the innovation of aspects of the technology concerned, such as novel booster pumps, injectors and metering equipment. The effect of independent variables such as capsule geometry, density, roughness and concentration as well as mean water velocity and pipe inclination are investigated. It is shown to what extent these variables affect the dependent variables. A theoretical analysis is presented for the determination of dependent variables, such as capsule velocity, excess energy and power dissipation. Flow conditions around static capsules are shown to be amenable to analysis, supplemented by experimentally determined coefficients. Energy dissipation at the inlet and outlet of static concentric and eccentric capsules is investigated for the first time, and empirical formulations are presented, which are simple and consistent with all the data. A correlation involving a pseudo hydraulic mean radius for analysing the friction head loss in eccentric annuli is presented. There have been numerous investigations concerned with friction head losses in concentric annuli. However, the correlation presented in this thesis is simpler than those given by other investigators and incorporates a wide range of experimental data satisfactorily. A theoretical analysis for flow in annuli of varying eccentricity is also presented in a novel manner and agreement with experiment is evidenced. A study is presented of incipient conditions of capsule motion which indicates a form of empirical equation for excess energy dissipation when capsules are moving.

The main aim of the project was to examine the possibility of using the hot wire anemometer to detect particles in a fluid. It was hoped that the presence of the particles would affect the autocorrelation plot and the energy spectrum of the velocities measured in the fluid.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.