Thesis (M. A.), Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1998. / Bibliography: leaves [249]-273.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 302-334).

Thesis (Ph.D. Earth Sciences)--University of Waikato, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 232-246) Also available via the World Wide Web.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-01-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:21:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alexandre_db_me_botfca.pdf: 3742670 bytes, checksum: 98e41e6dc4b4d0b4dc5de6f363be576f (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O Brasil é o país que possui uma das maiores reservas mundiais de hidroenergia, em razão da quantidade imensa de rios em seu território. Em diversas áreas isoladas, tais como grupos populacionais dispersos em áreas rurais, a mais importante alternativa de produção e utilização de energia renovável é representada pelas Micro, Mini e Pequenas Centrais Hidrelétricas, que promovem oferta de energia elétrica utilizando pequenos aproveitamentos hidroenergéticos. Para pequenos aproveitamentos, o projetista de uma central hidrelétrica deve, ao definir o tipo de turbina hidráulica, fixar-se nos rotores Pelton, Francis e Kaplan e nas turbinas Banki, por serem os mais freqüentemente encontrados na prática usual. O projeto destes aproveitamentos hidroenergéticos requer muitos detalhes, regras e cálculos matemáticos que exigem tempo e conhecimento do assunto, tornando desejável uma ferramenta que forneça, de forma rápida e clara, a informação sobre os dados envolvidos no dimensionamento de equipamentos. Na sociedade moderna, tal necessidade de informação é constantemente suprida pela informática, com o uso de softwares específicos para o assunto em foco. Com esta idéia, foi desenvolvido o presente trabalho, considerando-se que a criação de um software que atende aos requisitos dos projetos de aproveitamentos hidroenergéticos executa o papel importante de ser uma ferramenta de desenvolvimento da eletrificação rural. Este trabalho pretende, especificamente para geração de energia elétrica através de pequenas centrais hidrelétricas, estabelecer um roteiro completo para pré-dimensionar turbinas hidráulicas, implementar este roteiro em sistema computacional, e criar uma interface de software de fácil uso. A partir das variáveis: vazão do rio, altura de queda do rio, e altitude local, as quais são fornecidas pelo usuário... / Brazil is the country that possesses one of the largest world reservations of hydraulic power, in reason of the immense amount of rivers in its territory. In diverse isolated areas, such as dispersed population groups in rural areas, the most important alternative of production and use of renewable energy is represented by the Micro, Mini and Small Hydroelectric Power Stations, that promote offer of electric energy using small uses hydroelectric power. For small uses, the planner of hydroelectric power plants, when defining the type of hydraulic turbine, to fix itself in the Pelton, Francis and Kaplan rotors and in the Banki turbines, for they be more frequently the found in the usual practice. The project of these uses hydroelectric power requests many details, rules and mathematical calculations that demand time and knowledge of the subject, turning desirable a tool that supplies, in a fast and simple form, the information on the data involved in the sizing of equipment. In the modern society, such need of information constantly is supplied by computer science, with the use of specific software for the subject in focus. With this idea, the present work was developed, being considered that the creation of a software that assists to the requirements of the projects of uses hydroelectric power executes the important paper of being a tool of development of the rural electrification. This work intends, specifically for generation of electric energy through small Hydroelectric Power Stations, to establish a complete guide of orientation for to make initial calculations of the dimensions of hydraulic turbines, to implement this guide of orientation in computational system, and to create an interface of software of easy use. Starting from the variables: outflow of the river, height of fall of the river, and local altitude, which is supplied by the user... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

CAPES / Esta pesquisa buscou compreender a perspectiva social dos moradores atingidos pela Hidrelétrica Baixo Iguaçu, com base em teorias de Young (2000; 2006) e Hannigan (1995). O estudo de campo foi realizado com moradores atingidos dos municípios paranaenses de Capitão Leônidas Marques, Capanema, Nova Prata do Iguaçu, Realeza e Planalto. O objetivo foi averiguar a perspectiva social construída pelos moradores atingidos daquele local, em um período limitado para esta pesquisa, devido ao processo de implantação da hidrelétrica ainda estar em andamento. A metodologia utilizada foi: revisão bibliográfica, entrevistas semiestruturadas com os moradores e com as lideranças e análise de conteúdo. No segundo segmento, apresentou-se a contextualização do cenário - as teorias utilizadas e a revisão de literatura sobre a implantação de uma hidrelétrica, as teorias do desenvolvimento que situam este cenário, os conflitos gerados pelos diferentes usos da terra e o licenciamento ambiental. No terceiro segmento, o estudo foi centrado no ator da pesquisa: o morador atingido. Quem são esses moradores e quais são os movimentos sociais e as lutas de resistência. No quarto segmento, os dados foram apresentados, com temas como a indenização; as incertezas; as perdas dos moradores atingidos; as relações comunitárias e a participação no processo. Por fim, pode-se concluir que a perspectiva social dos atingidos pela implantação da hidrelétrica Baixo Iguaçu é construída a partir de sentimentos de ansiedade e insegurança, em que percebem desvantagens no processo, como prejuízos econômicos, psicológicos e sociais, principalmente, oriundos do tempo de espera para a resolução dos conflitos e da conclusão do processo de implantação da hidrelétrica. / This research sought to understand the social perspective of residents affected by the Baixo Iguaçu Hydroelectric based on theories of Young (2000; 2006) and Hannigan (1995). The field study was conducted with affected residents of the municipalities of Paraná Capitão Leonidas Marques, Capanema, Nova Prata do Iguaçu, Realeza and Planalto. The objective was to evaluate the social perspective built by affected residents of that place, in a cropped period for this research due to the deployment of the hydroelectric process being that the conflict is still ongoing. A methodology used literature review, semi-structured interviews with residents and leaders and content analysis. In the second segment, presented the context of the scenario - the theories used and the literature review on the implementation of a hydroelectric, development theories that situate this scenario, conflicts generated by different land uses and environmental licensing. In the third segment, the study was focused on the actor's research, the resident hit. Who are these residents, what are the social movements and resistance struggles. In part four, the data were presented with issues like compensation; uncertainties; losses of affected residents; community relations and participation in the process. Finally, we can conclude that the social perspective of those affected by the implementation of hydroelectric Baixo Iguaçu is constructed from feelings of anxiety and insecurity, they realizes disadvantages in the process, such as economic, psychological and social damage, mainly coming from the waiting time for the resolution of conflicts and completion of the process of implementation of hydroelectric.

CAPES / Esta pesquisa buscou compreender a perspectiva social dos moradores atingidos pela Hidrelétrica Baixo Iguaçu, com base em teorias de Young (2000; 2006) e Hannigan (1995). O estudo de campo foi realizado com moradores atingidos dos municípios paranaenses de Capitão Leônidas Marques, Capanema, Nova Prata do Iguaçu, Realeza e Planalto. O objetivo foi averiguar a perspectiva social construída pelos moradores atingidos daquele local, em um período limitado para esta pesquisa, devido ao processo de implantação da hidrelétrica ainda estar em andamento. A metodologia utilizada foi: revisão bibliográfica, entrevistas semiestruturadas com os moradores e com as lideranças e análise de conteúdo. No segundo segmento, apresentou-se a contextualização do cenário - as teorias utilizadas e a revisão de literatura sobre a implantação de uma hidrelétrica, as teorias do desenvolvimento que situam este cenário, os conflitos gerados pelos diferentes usos da terra e o licenciamento ambiental. No terceiro segmento, o estudo foi centrado no ator da pesquisa: o morador atingido. Quem são esses moradores e quais são os movimentos sociais e as lutas de resistência. No quarto segmento, os dados foram apresentados, com temas como a indenização; as incertezas; as perdas dos moradores atingidos; as relações comunitárias e a participação no processo. Por fim, pode-se concluir que a perspectiva social dos atingidos pela implantação da hidrelétrica Baixo Iguaçu é construída a partir de sentimentos de ansiedade e insegurança, em que percebem desvantagens no processo, como prejuízos econômicos, psicológicos e sociais, principalmente, oriundos do tempo de espera para a resolução dos conflitos e da conclusão do processo de implantação da hidrelétrica. / This research sought to understand the social perspective of residents affected by the Baixo Iguaçu Hydroelectric based on theories of Young (2000; 2006) and Hannigan (1995). The field study was conducted with affected residents of the municipalities of Paraná Capitão Leonidas Marques, Capanema, Nova Prata do Iguaçu, Realeza and Planalto. The objective was to evaluate the social perspective built by affected residents of that place, in a cropped period for this research due to the deployment of the hydroelectric process being that the conflict is still ongoing. A methodology used literature review, semi-structured interviews with residents and leaders and content analysis. In the second segment, presented the context of the scenario - the theories used and the literature review on the implementation of a hydroelectric, development theories that situate this scenario, conflicts generated by different land uses and environmental licensing. In the third segment, the study was focused on the actor's research, the resident hit. Who are these residents, what are the social movements and resistance struggles. In part four, the data were presented with issues like compensation; uncertainties; losses of affected residents; community relations and participation in the process. Finally, we can conclude that the social perspective of those affected by the implementation of hydroelectric Baixo Iguaçu is constructed from feelings of anxiety and insecurity, they realizes disadvantages in the process, such as economic, psychological and social damage, mainly coming from the waiting time for the resolution of conflicts and completion of the process of implementation of hydroelectric.

Procedures for the selection, licensing and implementation of large scale energy projects must evolve with the escalating complexity of such projects and. the changing public value system. Government appeared unresponsive to rapidly changing conditions in the 1960s and 1970s. Consequently, approval of major hydroelectric development projects in British Columbia under the Water Act became increasingly more contentious. This led, in 1980, to the introduction of new procedures—the Energy Project Review Process (EPRP) — under the B.C. Utilities Commission Act. This study documents and evaluates the selection, licensing and implementation of the Revelstoke Hydroelectric Dam under the Water Act and assesses to what extent the current EPRP selection and licensing procedure overcame the shortcomings of the Revelstoke experience. The methodological approach used is that of a post-development analysis. The Revelstoke Project case study revealed that the Water Act only addressed project design, safety, and impacts, but not selection and justification. Project implementation proceeded under a conditional water licence. The two-part administrative framework, established under the licence and by B.C. Hydro, lacked integration and failed to provide effective management. A strong commitment to the preservation of environmental quality was lacking. The licensee's monitoring of construction practices in general and of compliance with environmental guidelines, a set of nonspecific commonly accepted construction activities, were inadequate. Governmental surveillance and enforcement were rendered unsatisfactory by staff shortages and a laissez faire attitude. The case study concluded with a post-development environmental analysis, which determined the effectiveness of the Environmental Impact Statement in predicting impacts to be only twenty-five percent. Evaluation of the EPRP and its application in the Site C Dam proposal demonstrated that it is a significant improvement over its predecessor. If applied efficiently and in its entirety, it would provide an adequate structure and procedural sequence for project selection and licensing. However, some of the inadequacies noted in the Revelstoke case study, such the lack of provisions for early public and government participation, an adequate data base, an administrative structure, and a post-development analysis, have not been or only partially corrected. To conclude, this thesis offers some recommendations to further improve this continually evolving process. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

No description available.

The optimization of hydroelectric power is one area of water resources management where the implementation of supply management techniques could yield enormous social welfare benefits. A broad spectrum of computer modeling and analysis techniques have been applied to the hydroelectric power production model in an attempt to improve the real-time operation of reservoir systems. The nonconvex, nonseparable hydropower objective function poses a formidable task in devising a global optimization scheme. A decomposition procedure for the indefinite quadratic form is used to develop an algorithm that will find a near global optimum of a nonlinear hydroelectric power optimization model. The decomposition scheme, due to Pardalos et aI., splits the indefinite quadratic form into separable concave and convex parts. A Taylor series approximation is applied to the concave part, which, along with the separated convex part, is a convex underestimating problem (minimization) that can be solved efficiently. The decomposition technique is applied to two models of reservoir systems within the Upper Green River Basin and the models are solved using the GAMS/MINOS computer code. A comparison of the results obtained from successive linear programming, a fixed head linearization strategy, and direct nonlinear optimization of the nonconvex objective, with the results of the decomposition procedure, indicates the new algorithm has advantages over these techniques. / Master of Science

A plan for integrating modeling techniques and improving hydroelectric plant performance is presented. The plan begins with defining and establishing basic plant modeling parameters from the physical plant description. Guidelines for forming linear or nonlinear mathematical models are developed and the plan culminates in the determination of settings for P-I-D control which achieve optimum plant performance. Mathematical models are developed for the hydroelectric plant components -- the penstock, the hydraulic turbine (specifically a Francis turbine), the generator with its connected electrical system, and the control system. A unique method for characterizing turbine performance from a hill diagram is presented. Stability regions for linear models are determined and control settings which result in optimum plant performance are established. Settings associated with high derivative gains are indicated as giving optimum performance when a linear plant model is used. Nonlinear simulations at various operating conditions reveal that less lively gains must be used for the required gate motion to be achievable. For the representative plant model studied, the optimum governor settings resulted in a 7 percent improvement over other recommended P-I-D settings while satisfying gate speed constraints which the other recommended settings violated. The benefit of this work is in an improved ability to develop and utilize appropriate mathematical models for a hydroelectric plant and in the determination of control settings which improve plant performance. / Ph. D.