Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1934. / Vita. Bibliography: p. 1 leaf at end.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1933. / Vita. Bibliography: p. [35].

No description available.

Pulsed magnetic resonance studies are reported for a gas of hydrogen atoms at densities of 3-10¹³ X 10 cm⁻³ and temperatures of 4.2-77 K. The gas was produced by dissociation in a room temperature R.F. discharge, and piped through glass tubing into the cryogenic apparatus for study. The magnetic resonance transition observed is between the two lowest hyper-fine levels of the 1s atom in a magnetic field of 6481 Gauss where this splitting has its minimum value of about 765.5 MHZ. At 77 K, spin-exchange broadening of the resonance is observed. By varying the number density of hydrogen atoms, the ratio of spin-exchange broadening to atomic hydrogen density is obtained, and from this ratio the spin-exchange cross section for this transition is calculated. The cross section obtained is 60% of the theoretical value. At liquid helium temperatures, the spin-exchange cross section is shown to be at least 15 times smaller than that at liquid nitrogen temperatures, as. predicted by theory. He⁴ and H₂ buffer gases . are used to limit the diffusion broadening of the resonance, allowing the observation of small frequency shifts of the free induction signal. A model is proposed in which interactions of the hydrogen atoms with the flow tube walls cause these shifts. From the diffusion broadening of the resonance, the diffusion cross sections for H in He⁴ at 4.2 K and H in H₂ at 5-9 K are inferred to be 500 Ų and 250 Ų respectively. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1935. / Vita. "Most of the material in this dissertation appeared in the Journal of chemical physics, volume 2, no. 11 ... November, 1934." Bibliography: p. 9.

A gas of atomic hydrogen confined at and below 1K in a sealed cell has been studied by magnetic resonance at the zero-field hyperfine transition frequency of 1420 MHz. A review is presented of magnetic resonance theory for a two level system, with emphasis on determination of the absolute magnetization by two methods: calibration of the spectrometer sensitivity and by use of the radiation damping time constant. Measurements at 1K on a gas at low density, 10¹¹<n[sub=H]<5x10¹² cm⁻³, in the saturated ⁴He vapour density have yielded the rate for the reaction H+H+He￫H₂+He, the diffusion constant and pressure shift of the hyperfine transition for H interacting with the He gas, and the cross-section for spin exchange relaxation. At temperatures below 1K, measurements of the frequency shift and effective recombination rate for H adsorbed on the He film have yielded values of the binding energies for H on ³He and for H on ³He as well as the hyperfine transition frequency shift and surface recombination rate for H adsorbed on each of these surfaces. The binding energies are found to be 1.15(5) K for H on ³He and 0.42(5) K for H on ³He. Measurements have been carried out at temperatures as low as 162 mK for H on ³He and 65 mK for H on ³He. lineshape for H atoms undergoing occasional sticking events on the helium surface. This model has been applied to frequency shift and transverse relaxation data at low temperatures to yield sticking probabilities of 0.046(5) for H on ³He and 0.016(5) for H on ³He. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate

A coincidence has been observed between H(2S) and H⁺ fragments resulting from the bombardment of H₂ with 100 eV electrons. A significant source of this coincidence is believed to be the 2sσ(g) state of H₂⁺. The time-of-flight (TOF) distribution of H(2S) fragments from the 2sσ(g) state was measured and converted to the kinetic energy distribution from which the potential energy of the 2sσ(g) state in the Franck-Condon region was constructed. The result is in good agreement with a published calculation.

Two identical instruments have been developed for use in the field to make radiometric measurements. They have been described as spectropolarimeters because of their ability to make polarization measurements in narrow spectral passbands. They have been used as part of a NASA sponsored project to monitor the spectral and temporal response of the thematic mapper satellites. These satellites allow many natural and man-tended resources to be monitored over years of time, thus allowing their use to be planned for in the future. The dissertation discusses the design, fabrication, testing and absolute radiometric calibration of these spectropolarimeter instruments. The outstanding feature of these instruments are that they have been calibrated absolutely, for radiance measurements, to an accuracy of 2% - 3%, in the range of 400 nm to 1040 nm over selected spectral passbands. Previously, field measurements were considered good if they had an absolute accuracy of 10%, implying that the present accuracies are advancing the state-of-the-art for field instrument calibrations. These improved accuracies are the result of using two recently developed calibration standards, both of which use detector based methods. These standards are the Electrically Calibrated Pyroelectric Radiometer (ECPR), and the QED-100 quad detector. The end of the dissertation discusses the attempts made to verify that the accuracies claimed are indeed valid, and it is the author's belief that these accuracies have been verified completely.