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This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

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South Africa is estimated to have one of the highest epidemics of HIV infection. Recent youth studies have found that youth aged 15-24 years are increasingly becoming vulnerable to HIV. Condom use is promoted as one of the key HIV prevention methods in South Africa. Face-to-face structured questionnaire interviews were conducted with a volunteer sample of rural active women and men aged 15-26 years living in 70 villages in the Eastern Cape Province. Most of the participants were recruited in schools.

Tuberculosis is a major public health problem which has been compounded by the emergence of multi-drug-resistant strains of Myco. tuberculosis (MDR-TB), an increased use of immunosuppressive therapy and increasing numbers of HIV infection. To further complicate the infection control issues, many of the environmentally associated mycobacteria, commonly referred to as opportunistic pathogens, are being incriminated in human infection with increasing frequency. Information is required on the mycobactericidal effectiveness of disinfectants, especially those associated with heat sensitive equipment such as bronchoscopes, which may be contaminated with mycobacteria. The activity of disinfectants against Myco. tuberculosis is well documented. However, there is much variation in test methodology resulting in conflicting efficacy data. Therefore a standard, reproducible and practical method must be developed which will give useful and reliable data on the resistance of Myco. tuberculosis and other mycobacteria of increasing clinical importance to current disinfection procedures. A standard test method was developed for use in this study. Suspension and carrier tests were carried out in the presence and absence of 10% serum as the organiC load. The test organisms were type strains of Myco terrae, Myco chelonae, Myco. fortuitum and Myco. tuberculosis. 1\vo endoscope washer disinfector isolates of Myco. chelonae and a clinical isolate of Myco. avium-intraceUulare were also used. The type strains of Myco. chelonae and Myco. fortuitum were very sensitive to all disinfectants tested. My co. terrae was slightly more resistant than Myco. tuberculosis. This is in agreement with published data. Myco. avium-intraceUulare was without doubt the most resistant of all the test organisms. The two machine isolates of Myco. chelonae were extremely resistant to 2% glutaraldehyde. This prompted further work to assess if these two strains differed from the type strain in other ways.

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