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Hyperconjugative Interactions in SilylanilinesJung, Il Nam 05 1900 (has links)
The purpose of the present work is to study the bonding interactions between the substituents and the ring π system for a series of ortho and para MeₙH₃₋ₙM (M = C or Si, n = 0-3) substituted N,N-dimethylaniline . Both ground and excited-state interactions were studied and their magnitudes determined. The experimental data were then used in conjunction with molecular orbital calculations to differentiate among inductive, hyperconjugative, and d-pπ interactions on the ground and excited states. Overall, the study indicates that d orbital involvement in the interactions of organosilicon substituents with unsaturated systems is much less significant than is generally held. The importance of pₛᵢ⁻π and pₛᵢ⁻π* hyperconjugative interactions between silicon σ* orbitals and π system in producing the effects of silicon substitution on unsaturated systems has become more apparent.
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Interações de orbitais e seus efeitos nos acoplamentos 'J SOB.2. J IND H' e 'J SOB.1 J IND CH' em 1, 3, 5-trioxano, 1, 3, 5-tritianos monosubstituidos : um estudo teorico e experimental / Orbital interactions and their effects on 'J SOB.2. J IND H' and 'J SOB.1 J IND CH' coupling constants in 1, 3, 5-trioxane, 1, 3, 5- trithiane and 2-substituted- 1, 3, 5 - trithianes : experimental and theoretical studyVilcachagua, Janaina Dantas 16 February 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Roberto Rittner Neto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T22:55:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Estudaram-se as interações de orbitais e seus efeitos nas constantes de acoplamento JHH e JCH em 1,3,5-trioxano, 1,3,5-tritiano e 1,3,5-tritianos monosubstituídos, onde os substituintes foram os halogênios: flúor, cloro, bromo e metil por dados de ressonância magnética nuclear e cálculos teóricos. Todos os cálculos foram realizados com os programas GAUSSIAN 98 e 03. Os cálculos de otimização de geometrias foram realizados em nível MP2 e a função de base aug-cc-pVTZ. Os cálculos para estudo das interações hiperconjugativas foram feitos com o programa NBO. As constantes de acoplamento foram calculadas utilizando a teoria de perturbação CP-DFT. Obtiveram-se os espectros de RMN de H e de C a temperatura ambiente e a baixa temperatura para obtenção dos valores das constantes de acoplamentos experimentais. A análise conjunta dos dados teóricos e experimentais para o 1,3,5-trioxano e 1,3,5-tritiano mostrou a influência das interações hiperconjugativas nxs*C-HEq, nxs*C-HAx, e nxs*C-X, onde o X pode ser o átomo de oxigênio ou enxofre, nos valores das constantes de acoplamento JCHax, JCHeq e JHH. A análise conjunta dos dados teóricos e experimentais para 1,3,5-tritianos monosubstituídos mostrou a influência dos átomos eletronegativos, flúor, cloro e bromo, no valor da constante de acoplamento JCHax no carbono 6 através do efeito eletrostático. As constantes de acoplamento JCHax e JCHeq, no carbono 2, sofrem influência direta do substituinte eletronegativo. A presença do grupo metila não mostrou nenhum efeito nos valores das constantes de acoplamento estudadas. / Abstract: The present work reports the NMR data and theoretical calculations of orbital interactions and their effects on JHH and JCH coupling constants in 1,3,5-trioxane, 1,3,5- trithiane and 2-substituted 1,3,5-trithianes, where the substitutents are fluorine, chlorine, bromine and methyl. The calculations were carried out with the Gaussian 98 and 03 package of programs. The aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets were employed for geometries optimizations at level MP2. The energies of hyperconjugative interactions were calculated with the NBO program. The coupling constants were evaluated within the CP-DFT perturbative approach. The H and C spectra were recorded for all compounds at room and low temperature, for obtained the determination of coupling constants. The experimental results and those from theoretical calculations showed the influence of hyperconjugative interactions nxs*C-HEq, nxs*C-HAx, e nxs*C-X, where X is oxygen or sulfur atoms, on JCHax, JCHeq and JHH coupling constants in 1,3,5-trioxane and 1,3,5-trithiane. The experimental results and those from theoretical calculations showed the influence of electrostatic effects for JCHax coupling constant in 2-substituted 1,3,5-trithianes with electronegative atoms: fluorine, chlorine and bromine. For carbon 2, the JCHax and JCHeq coupling constants showed the direct influence of the electronegative atom. The alkyl group, methyl, did not present any effects on the coupling constants in study. / Mestrado / Quimica Organica / Mestre em Química
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